P0025 : The public health value of sparing livers for transplantation through systematic treatment of hepatitis C

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. S300-S301
Author(s):  
W. Stevens ◽  
Y. Sanchez ◽  
R. Brookmeyer ◽  
D. Lakdawalla ◽  
S. Marx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Systematic Treatment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Value

Effectiveness of two doses of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) vaccine

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J Pugh ◽  
Jennifer C Moïsi ◽  
Michael Kundi ◽  
Isabel Santonja ◽  
Wilhelm Erber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Vaccine Effectiveness ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Value ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Primary Series ◽  
Insufficient Time

Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was consistently high following two doses (94.6–97.4%) and three doses (96.1%) of the tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) vaccine. These data support the public health value of providing two doses of the TBE vaccine to a traveller to an endemic area presenting with insufficient time to complete the full three-dose primary series.

The public health value of vaccination for seniors in Europe

Vaccine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (19) ◽  
pp. 2523-2528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna Esposito ◽  
Elisabetta Franco ◽  
Gaetan Gavazzi ◽  
Angel Gil de Miguel ◽  
Roland Hardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Value

scholarly journals The Public Health Value of Opioid Litigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Haffajee
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Public Accountability ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Value ◽  
Lead Paint ◽  
Tort Litigation ◽  
Harmful Behavior

Opioid litigation continues a growing public health litigation trend in which governments seek to hold companies responsible for population harms related to their products. The litigation can serve to address gaps in regulatory and legislative policymaking and in market self-regulation pervasive in the prescription opioid domain. Moreover, prior opioid settlements have satisfied civil tort litigation objectives of obtaining compensation for injured parties, deterring harmful behavior, and holding certain opioid manufacturers, distributors and pharmacies accountable for their actions. In this way, opioid litigation represents progress over prior public health litigation campaigns involving tobacco, lead paint, and asbestos, which had more limited tort litigation effects. Although opioid litigation is not a comprehensive solution to the opioid crisis, it can complement other strategies and infuse much needed money, behavior changes, and public accountability for prescription opioid and related harms.

scholarly journals Influence of maternal pelvis height and other anthropometric measurements on the duration of normal childbirth in Ugandan mothers

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian G Munabi ◽  
Samuel Abilemech Luboga ◽  
Josaphat Byamugisha ◽  
Livingstone Luboobi ◽  
Florence Mirembe
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Maternal Height ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Value ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Stage 1

In low resource settings, maternal anthropometry may complicate time based  monitoring of childbirth. We set out to determine the effect of maternal  anthropometry and foetal birth weight on the duration of childbirth. Birth related secondary data from 987 mothers with pregnancies of ≥ 37 weeks, singleton baby and a normal childbirth were obtained. This data was analysed for regression coefficients and Interclass correlations coefficients (ICCs). The mean duration of childbirth was 7.63hours. Each centimetre increase in maternal pelvis height led to a 0.56hours increase for the first stage (P<0.01), 0.05hours reduction for second stage (P<0.01), and 0.46hours increase in total duration of childbirth (p<0.01). For each centimeter increase in maternal height there was a 0.04hours reduction in the first stage (P=0.01) and a 0.005hours increase in second stage (P=0.03). The ICCs with respect to geographical site were 0.40 for stage 1, 0.27 for stage 2 and 0.21 for stage 3. Additional modeling with tribe of mother did not change the ICCs. Maternal pelvis height and maternal height were found to have a significant effect on the duration of the different stages of normal childbirth. Additional study is needed into the public health value of the above measurements in relation to childbirth in these settings.Key words: Humans; anthropometry; childbirth; pelvis height;

scholarly journals NON-ADHERENCE TO HEPATITIS C TREATMENT: A BRAZILIAN REPORT

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-460
Author(s):  
Claudia Alexandra Pontes IVANTES ◽  
Bernardo Carvalho da SILVA ◽  
Gabriel Gonçalves ACOSTA ◽  
Fabiane Beatriz Neves El TAWIL ◽  
Renato NISIHARA
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Health System ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Hepatitis C Treatment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
Private Medicine ◽  
Direct Acting

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: In Brazil, since 2015, the treatment of hepatitis C is provided by SUS (Public Health System) with direct-acting antiviral (DAA). OBJECTIVE: To describe the rate of non-adherence patients to hepatitis C treatment by DAA, investigating the epidemiological data in a large database from Curitiba, Brazil. METHODS: Retrospective study with patients treated between January 2015 and June 2019. Patients were considered adherent when received all medication doses during their treatment. The following data were evaluated: gender, age, type of treatment, period of treatment, presence of diabetes or HIV, previous therapy, originated from SUS or private medicine, fibrosis grade and HCV genotype. RESULTS: 1248 patients (56.8% males) were studied and 102/1248 (8.2%) were non-adherent to treatment. Age or gender not influenced significantly; 10.2% patients from SUS and 3.7% individuals from private medicine were non-adherent (P<0.0001; OR=2.9; CI95%=1.6-9.1); 13.1% patients were co-infected with HIV and among them, 15.9% abandoned treatment. Individuals without co-infection presented 7.0% of non-adherence (P<0.0001; OR=2.5; CI=1.5-4.1). All the other variables showed no differences in the adhesion rate. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that 8.2% of patients were non-adherent to HCV treatment, and that patients from the Public Health System and co-infected with HIV were significantly less adherent.

scholarly journals The Public Health Value of Hospitals

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Fine
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Value

Age aspects of the incidence of chronic hepatitis C in children

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
E. A. Galova
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
The Public ◽  
Epidemic Process ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C ◽  
Public Health Indicators ◽  
Nizhny Novgorod Region

Purpose of the study: to reveal characteristics of chronic viral hepatitis C (HCV) incidence in babies and preschoolers, schoolchildren, teenagers on the example of the Nizhny Novgorod region. Materials and methods. The article presents official epidemiological information on the incidence of HCV in children in the Nizhny Novgorod region in 1995–2015. Data statistical processing was performed with Statistica 7.0. soft ware package. Zero hypotheses were rejected at significance level of the corresponding statistical criterion p < 0,05. Results. The study revealed differences of HCV-epidemic process in infants and preschoolers, schoolchildren and teenagers. The incidence of HCV in children 0–6 years old and 15–17 years old is characterized by a lack of reduction and an uncertain prognosis (p < 0,05); the positive prognosis is possible in schoolchildren aged 7–14 years (p < 0,05). There was an increase of patients of younger age groups in the proportion, and decrease of cases frequency in children 7–14-year-olds. The authors identified that the viral hepatitis C incidence is correlate with the public health indicators and with the health care institutions activities; the correlations strength and correlations pattern is depend on age. The article presents a quantitative assessment of the relationship between the children HCV incidence in different age periods and the public health indicators and activities health institutions. Conclusions. In HCV-epidemic process in children at the present there is a redistribution of older and younger age groups role in its maintenance with the leading significance of the latter. Obtained results prove the significant contribution of HCV positive women of fertile age in the HCV- epidemic process in children at the present stage.

Comparing the public health burden of chronic hepatitis C and HIV infection in France

2004 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Deuffic-Burban ◽  
John B Wong ◽  
Alain-Jacques Valleron ◽  
Dominique Costagliola ◽  
Jean-François Delfraissy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Burden

scholarly journals PCV13 Vaccination of Adults against Pneumococcal Disease: What We Have Learned from the Community-Acquired Pneumonia Immunization Trial in Adults (CAPiTA)

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Christian Theilacker ◽  
Mark A. Fletcher ◽  
Luis Jodar ◽  
Bradford D. Gessner
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Vaccination ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Value ◽  
Health Relevance ◽  
Full Body

The Community-Acquired Pneumonia immunization Trial in Adults (CAPiTA) evaluated older adult pneumococcal vaccination and was one of the largest vaccine clinical trials ever conducted. Among older adults aged ≥65 years, the trial established 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) efficacy in preventing first episodes of bacteremic and nonbacteremic pneumococcal vaccine serotype (VT) community acquired pneumonia (CAP), and of vaccine serotype invasive pneumococcal disease (VT-IPD). Since the publication of the original trial results, 15 additional publications have extended the analyses. In this review, we summarize and integrate the full body of evidence generated by these studies, contextualize the results in light of their public health relevance, and discuss their implications for the assessment of current and future adult pneumococcal vaccination. This accumulating evidence has helped to better understand PCV13 efficacy, serotype-specific efficacy, efficacy in subgroups, the interpretation of immunogenicity data, and the public health value of adult PCV vaccination.

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