P1.07 Infection Control Implications of Hepatitis B Testing of Haemodialysis Patients during an Incident of HBV Reactivation in a Dialysis Unit

2006 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. S11
Author(s):  
F. Fitzpatrick ◽  
M. Crean ◽  
G. Kaminski ◽  
J. Connell ◽  
L. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Hbv Reactivation ◽  
Dialysis Unit ◽  
Hepatitis B Testing

THE PREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS B REACTIVATION (HBV) IN CANCER PATIENTS TREATING WITH CHEMOTHERAPY

2016 ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
Phuong Phung ◽  
Thi Thuy Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Hbv Reactivation ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Hepatitis B Reactivation ◽  
Cancer Breast

ackground and Objectives: Nowadays, the incidence of cancer is constantly increasing in the world as well as in Vietnam. The treatment of cancer is based on multimodality principle. Among those principal modalities, chemotherapy is widely used for different purposes such as neoadjuvant, andjuvant and palliation. However, chemotherapy can induce activation of latent infections, including hepatitis B. Vietnam is in the endemic region of hepatitis B so the reactivation of hepatitis B on cancer patients with chemotherapy has emerged a concerned problem. However, few interests were gained on this problem in the aspect of clinical setting or researching. Aims: to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B reactivation (HBV) in cancer patients treating with chemotherapy and to detect some risks factors of this situation. Subjects and methods: descriptive prospective. The study included 33 cancer patients with inactive HBV infection who are treating with chemotherapy. We define HBV reactivation by ALT > 3 ULN and HBV DNA copies > 10 positive control limit. Results: We found 6 patients with reactivated HBV, accounting for 18.18 %. Among reactivated HBV patients, age less than 60 accounts 83,33%. Rate of reactivated HBV in males was 25,00% while this rate in females was 14,28%. Rate of reactivated HBV in lymphoma, lung cancer and breast cancer was 33,33%, 25% và 22,22% respectively. Clinial manifestation of reactivated HBV includes jaundice (33,33%), fulminant hepatic failure (6%) and death (5%). The reactivated rate was higher in patients got high dose of corticoid (28,57%) vs low dose (15,38%). This rate was 29,41% in patients treated with anthracyclines which was higher than in group without anthracyclines. The reactivated rate of HBV was dramatically higher in patients treated with rituximab (75%). Conclusion: the reactivation of hepatitis B on cancer patients with chemotherapy is common. We found 6 patients with reactivated HBV of 33 subjects of the study which accounts 18.18 %. We recognized that reactivated HBV rate was higher subgroups of age < 60 years old, males, patients with lymphoma, lung cancer, breast cancer. Reactivated HBV may be more prevalent in patients with high-dose corticotherapy, anthracyclines and Rituximab. Key words: HBV reactivation, chemotherapy, cancer, hepatitis B

scholarly journals A211 SPONTANEOUS HBV REMISSION AFTER HBV REACTIVATION FOLLOWING TREATMENT WITH SOFOSBUVIR AND VELPATASVIR IN A PATIENT WITH HCV AND HBV CO-INFECTION: CASE REPORT

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 242-243
Author(s):  
A Chiang ◽  
K Tsoi
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Hbv Reactivation ◽  
Genotype 3 ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
Direct Acting

Abstract Background In co-infected patients with hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV), the treatment of HCV with direct-acting antiviral agents (DAA) can cause HBV reactivation. However, there are no clear guidelines on the timing of treatment initiation, especially in the absence of clinical signs of flare. Aims Here we discuss the case of a 34-year-old female with HBV and HCV genotype 3 who had HBV reactivation following HCV treatment, but did not require nucleos(t)ide therapy. Methods She initially presented with chronic inactive hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis C with HBV DNA level of 67.5 IU/mL and HCV RNA level of 3.33 x 106 IU/mL. She completed a 12 week course of sofosbuvir and velpatasvir for HCV and achieved sustained virologic remission, but subsequently developed reactivation of her HBV with HBV DNA peaking at 3.41 x 104 IU/mL twelve weeks post-treatment. She did not develop any signs of hepatitis and a decision was made to monitor her clinically. Results Two years later, she spontaneously went into remission with her HBV DNA levels being &lt;10 IU/mL. Conclusions The significance of this case is to illustrate HBV reactivation following treatment of HCV with DAAs may not necessitate immediate treatment, especially if there are no signs of flare. There have been similar reported cases, but larger prospective studies are required to determine the appropriate clinical context where monitoring may be acceptable instead of immediate treatment. Funding Agencies None

Infection Control and Employee Health Hepatitis B Prevention Part 1 A Review of AC IP's Newest Guidelines

1986 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Valenti
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Employee Health ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
The Past ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Important Trend ◽  
Fluid Process ◽  
Hepatitis B Screening ◽  
Hepatitis B Prevention

Since the introduction of hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIg) and more recently, the hepatitis B vaccine, programs for hepatitis B prevention have become a major part of most employee health/infection control programs. In fact, hepatitis B prevention activities have probably been responsible for increased collaboration between the two programs. Hepatitis B prevention is a very fluid process and is constantly changing as we develop a greater understanding of the creative uses of both HBIg and the vaccine. On e important trend that has emerged from the introduction and widespread use of HBIg and vaccine has been a greater emphasis on pre-exposure prevention of hepatitis B infection. In the past, programs for hepatitis B prevention consisted of periodic hepatitis B screening in dialysis units and some laboratories. Unfortunately, screening only monitors introduction of infection and does very little to prevent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.

Real-World Experience of Telbivudine and Lamivudine as Antiviral Prophylaxis for Chemotherapy-Related Hepatitis B Reactivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Lianda Siregar ◽  
Imelda Maria Loho ◽  
Agus Sudiro Waspodo ◽  
Siti Nadliroh ◽  
Rahmanandhika Swadari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Hbv Reactivation ◽  
Lamivudine Therapy ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Good Treatment Option ◽  
Hbs Ag

Background: There is currently no data regarding the efficacy of prophylactic telbivudine in hepatitis B patients undergoing chemotherapy. This study aims to describe the results of preemptive telbivudine and lamivudine to prevent chemotherapy-related HBV reactivation.Methods: The medical records of all patients with HBsAg positive or HBs-Ag negative, anti-HBc positive, who were referred to the hepatology clinic between May 2014 and December 2016, were retrospectively reviewed. As this is a descriptive study, no statistical analysis was done.Results: A total of 52 patients with prophylactic telbivudine or lamivudine therapy were included, with 26 patients in each group. Rituximab-based treatment was given in nine and five patients in the telbivudine and lamivudine group, respectively. The number of patients who completed antiviral treatment up to six months after chemotherapy was 17 patients in each group. There was less incidence of HBV reactivation in the telbivudine group (2 of 17 patients, 11.8%) than in the lamivudine group (7 of 17 patients, 41.2%). Delayed reactivation was noticed in 1 of 2 patients in the telbivudine group and 3 of 7 patients in the lamivudine group. The median log10[HBV DNA] at reactivation was 4.52 (1.70 – 8.35) IU/mL. Severe hepatitis was observed in two patients in the lamivudine group and one patient in the telbivudine group. Of 34 patients who completed antiviral treatment, two patients died due to primary cancer. No interruption of chemotherapy or mortality due to hepatitis was noticed in both groups.Conclusions: Preemptive telbivudine or lamivudine in HBsAg positive or HBsAg negative, anti-HBc positive patients seems to be a good treatment option.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation Induced by Infliximab Administration in a Patient with Crohn’s Disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuka Miyake ◽  
Aki Hasebe ◽  
Tetsuya Tanihira ◽  
Akiko Shiraishi ◽  
Yusuke Imai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Hbv Reactivation ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

A 47-year-old man diagnosed with Crohn’s disease was treated with infliximab. He tested negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) but positive for anti-HB core antibody (anti-HBc). He tested positive for hepatitis B virus (HBV-) DNA 3 months after treatment and was administered entecavir. HBV-DNA test showed negative results 1 month later. ALT was persistently within the normal range, and HBV-DNA was persistently negative thereafter despite the continuation of infliximab every 8 weeks. In our hospital, 14 patients with inflammatory bowel disease, who tested negative for HBsAg, were treated with infliximab; 2 of them tested positive for anti-HBs and/or anti-HBc, and HBV reactivation was observed in 1 patient (the present patient). The present case and these findings highlight that careful follow-up is needed in patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated with infliximab who test positive for anti-HBc and/or anti-HBs.

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