An investigation into the relationship of sea temperature and food supply to the size of the planktonic copepod Temora longicornis Müller in the North Sea

1981 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Evans
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Sea Temperature ◽  
Planktonic Copepod ◽  
The North ◽  
Temora Longicornis ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Paleoecology of Late Eocene-Oligocene foraminiferal assemblages in a two-well transect across the North-East Newfoundland shelf

1991 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
F. C. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Late Eocene ◽  
Western Boundary ◽  
Late Oligocene ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Early Oligocene ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Core samples from the Paleogene of the Bonavista C-99 well on the northeast Newfoundland shelf and cuttings from downdip Blue H-28 contain foraminiferal assemblages which enable reconstruction of paleoenvironments along a downslope transect in Eocene through Late Oligocene-Miocene time. Comparison with coeval assemblages in North Sea wells with respect to structure and grain size of agglutinated taxa between the two areas reveal inter-basin differences.Reconstruction of the paleobathymetry derived from foraminiferal analysis, confirms seismic evidence for shallowing at the Bonavista site beginning in the Early Oligocene. The relationship of the Bonavista assemblages to contour currents is explored with reference to modern regional analogues. Species such as Reticulophragmium amplectens, Haplophragmoides walteri, Eponides umbonatus and Uvigerina ex. gr. miozea-nuttalli persist stratigraphically higher in the deeper Blue site.The paleoslope of this two-well transect is determined as approximately 0.48° during the Middle to Late Eocene and 0.68° during the Late Oligocene-Early Miocene. The bottom water hydrography of the transect can be evaluated by reference to these assemblages and a comparison to flysch-type agglutinated assemblages from a transect in the North Sea. The presence of an Upper Eocene-Middle Miocene hiatus at the Blue site contrasting with apparently continuous Tertiary deposition at Bonavista places a theoretical upper limit of 500–1000 m on the depth of the early Cenozoic western boundary undercurrent.

Further Investigation upon the Water Movements in the English Channel. Drift-Bottle Experiments in the Summers of 1927, 1928 and 1929, with Critical Notes on Drift-Bottle Experiments in General.

1930 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Carruthers
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
North Sea ◽  
English Channel ◽  
The North ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Common ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Great Simplicity ◽  
Simple Surface

In July–August of three different years common surface-floating bottles were set adrift at International Station E2 (49° 27' N.—4° 42' W.). With them, various types of drag-fitted bottles were also put out. The journeys accomplished are discussed, and the striking differences as between year and year in the case of the common surface floaters, and as between the different types in the same year, are commented upon in the light of the prevailing winds. An inter-relationship of great simplicity is deduced between wind speed and the rate of travel of simple surface floating bottles up-Channel and across the North Sea from the results of experiments carried out in four different summers.

Combined analyses reveal environmentally driven changes in the North Sea ecosystem and raise questions regarding what makes an ecosystem model’s performance credible?

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Mackinson
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Ecosystem Model ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Fish Stock ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Sea Temperature ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

When an ecosystem model of the North Sea is calibrated to data from multiple trophic levels, the model estimated the primary production required to support the food web correlates temporally with observed changes in sea temperature and nutrient levels, supporting evidence from empirical analyses. However, a different result is given from an alternative calibration using fish stock data only. The inference taken from the emergent primary production – temperature relationship and empirical data are that, on balance, there is stronger overall evidence to support the calibration constrained at multiple trophic levels. Two important implications of the findings are (i) that the relative importance of fishing and environmental effects is likely to be interpreted differently depending on the calibration approach and (ii) the contrasting model calibrations would give different responses to fishing policies. It raises questions regarding how to judge the performance (and credibility) of an ecosystem model and the critical importance of conducting empirical and modelling analyses in parallel. Adopting a combined approach to ecosystem modelling is an important step in the pursuit of operational and defensible tools to support the ecosystem approach to management.

scholarly journals Observations on herring spawning and larval distribution in the Firth of Clyde in 1958

1959 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. B. Parrish ◽  
A. Saville ◽  
R. E. Craig ◽  
I. G. Baxter ◽  
R. Priestley
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Predatory Fish ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Atlantic Herring ◽  
The North ◽  
Larval Distribution ◽  
Sea Bed ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Newly Hatched Larvae ◽  
The Relationship

Apart from the extensive egg surveys carried out by Norwegian workers (Runnstrom, 1941) most of the investigations on the spawning of the Atlantic Herring have depended on studies of the distribution of the spawning fish, on captures of newly hatched larvae, and on records of the occurrence of herring eggs in the stomachs of predatory fish species (principally haddock). With the exception of recent observations by Bolster and Bridger (1957), attempts to sample egg concentrations quantitatively in the North Sea and neighbouring areas have usually proved abortive. In consequence little is known of the distribution and density of eggs on the spawning grounds, their percentage fertilization, mortality during the egg stage, hatching rate, and the relationship between the distribution of eggs and the nature of the sea-bed.

scholarly journals Seasonal and longer term trends in sea temperature along the French North Sea coast, 1975 to 2002

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Woehrling ◽  
Alain Lefebvre ◽  
Geneviève Le Fèvre-Lehoërff ◽  
Régis Delesmont
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Sea Temperature ◽  
Southern Bight ◽  
The North ◽  
Cyclic Patterns ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Annual Index ◽  
Long Term Trends

Regular sea temperature measurements have been made since 1975 at Gravelines (French coast of the Southern Bight of the North Sea) within the framework of a research programme aimed at monitoring the influence of the thermal discharge of a nuclear power plant. The sampling has yielded a 28-year time-series. Pluriannual natural fluctuations of temperature show cyclic patterns and long-term trends in good accordance with global climatic changes as revealed by the NAO (North Atlantic Oscillation) annual index.

scholarly journals Noctiluca scintillans: Dynamics, Size Measurements and Relationships With Small Soft-Bodied Plankton in the Belgian Part of the North Sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anouk Ollevier ◽  
Jonas Mortelmans ◽  
Anaïs Aubert ◽  
Klaas Deneudt ◽  
Michiel B. Vandegehuchte
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Nutrient Inputs ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Noctiluca Scintillans ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Relationship

Climate driven changes and anthropogenic pressures on the marine environment have been shown to favor the increase in certain potentially harmful species. Among them, Noctiluca scintillans, a common dinoflagellate, often blooms during warm summers and is known to affect plankton communities. In this study, we assessed the dynamics in abundance and cell size of N. scintillans as well as the relationship between N. scintillans and small soft-bodied zooplankton in the Belgian part of the North Sea (BPNS), since negative correlations between these plankton groups have been previously reported for nearby regions. This study is the first to present consistently counted N. scintillans cell numbers and measured cell lengths, through the analysis of ZooScan images from samples taken monthly at stations throughout the coastal zone of the BPNS. The results show that N. scintillans demonstrated clear seasonal dynamics with both high densities and large cell sizes in spring/summer (May-July). The occurrence of N. scintillans in the analyzed plankton samples and the abundance of N. scintillans at the observed peak intensities nearly tripled over a period of 5 years. A zero-inflated model showed a correlation of N. scintillans abundance with temperature as well as with phosphate concentrations, suggesting that anthropogenic influences such as climate change and riverine nutrient inputs could affect the temporal dynamics of the species. The results, on the other hand, did not show any negative impact of N. scintillans on the soft-bodied plankton community.

Shetland beached bird surveys: national and European context

1995 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 165-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Heubeck
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Annual Variation ◽  
Herring Gull ◽  
British Isles ◽  
European Context ◽  
The North ◽  
Bird Survey ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Relationship

SynopsisA Shetland-wide beached bird survey was established in March 1979 and monthly surveys have continued since. This paper presents results from March 1979 to December 1992 during which time a total of 34 320 corpses of seabird and seaduck were found, of which 34023 (99.1%) were specifically identified. Corpses of guillemot (8911), fulmar (8707), kittiwake (4421), herring gull (2264), shag (1843) and great black-backed gull (1785) comprised 82.1% of the identified total, the remainder being made up of 31 other species. The relationship between the numbers of each species found, and their numbers and occurrence in Shetland waters is discussed. A total of 2781 corpses were judged to have been oiled before their deaths, of which 2732 (98.2%) were specifically identified. The six species most frequently found oiled were guillemot (1170 corpses), fulmar (543), kittiwake (184), razorbill (131), puffin (111) and shag (99).Variations in both the percentage of corpses found that were oiled, and the number of oiled corpses found per kilometre of beach surveyed, are examined and discussed. Comparison is made with results from beached bird surveys elsewhere in the British Isles and in other countries bordering the North Sea. In some species, notably the pelagic auks, there was considerable annual variation in the numbers of unoiled corpses found while in other species the number of unoiled corpses found changed more gradually over the 14 years. Reference is made to similar changes observed in other beached bird surveys and possible reasons for these changes are discussed.

scholarly journals Variations and Relationship of the Flounder and the Plaice.

1896 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-299
Author(s):  
F. B. Stead
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Extensive Bibliography

There can be no question of the importance of the subjects treated of in this paper; and the results are certainly such as to attract attention. This fact makes it all the more disappointing that the author's method is not calculated to inspire confidence in the accuracy of his conclusions. Before attempting to justify this statement, we may give a brief account of the paper as it stands.After giving an extensive bibliography, the author passes on in his second chapter to a statement of the method of the investigation, and of the notation by which he finds it necessary to state his results. In the next chapter a table is given showing the extent of variation of particular characters in the species considered, and the degree in which the variations of these same characters in both forms may coincide. The influence of sex and age, and the character and development of the scales, is next treated of, and the following chapter is devoted to a statement of the differences which obtain between the different “local forms” in the North Sea and the Baltic. The rest of the paper is taken up with a consideration of the relations between the local forms and the species, an account of Pleuronectes pseudoflesus, certain morphological and biological observations, and a summary of results. We may now consider the more important parts of this paper in detail,The method of investigation consisted in examining “a large number” of specimens of each species in respect of no less than thirty-six characters.

scholarly journals North Sea ecosystem change from swimming crabs to seagulls

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 821-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Luczak ◽  
G. Beaugrand ◽  
J. A. Lindley ◽  
J-M. Dewarumez ◽  
P. J. Dubois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Ecosystem Change ◽  
Sea Temperature ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Important Food Source ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Swimming Crabs

A recent increase in sea temperature has established a new ecosystem dynamic regime in the North Sea. Climate-induced changes in decapods have played an important role. Here, we reveal a coincident increase in the abundance of swimming crabs and lesser black-backed gull colonies in the North Sea, both in time and in space. Swimming crabs are an important food source for lesser black-backed gulls during the breeding season. Inhabiting the land, but feeding mainly at sea, lesser black-backed gulls provide a link between marine and terrestrial ecosystems, since the bottom-up influence of allochthonous nutrient input from seabirds to coastal soils can structure the terrestrial food web. We, therefore, suggest that climate-driven changes in trophic interactions in the marine food web may also have ensuing ramifications for the coastal ecology of the North Sea.

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