Effectiveness of determinations of fatty acids and triglycerides for the detection of adulteration of olive oils with vegetable oils

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Christopoulou ◽  
M. Lazaraki ◽  
M. Komaitis ◽  
K. Kaselimis
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-71

The article studies the possibility of extraction of monounsaturated oleic acid from highly stable vegetable oils produced at industrial scale. To solve the set tasks, have been selected samples of vegetable oils, present in the domestic market with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids: cottonseed and sunflower, imported rapeseed and olive oils. These oil samples were degraded by hydrolysis, recovered by acid treatment, and purified by repeated recrystallization in ethanol. The composition of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids included in triglycerides of vegetable oils was investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In the obtained samples, the fatty acid composition and physical and chemical parameters were determined. Oleic acid technical grade obtained from sunflower oil contains 97.35 % fatty acids. The production of oleic acid technical grade will be primarily focused on the domestic market of Uzbekistan.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-175
Author(s):  
Aline Aparecida Ramos ◽  
Taís Júlia de Oliveira ◽  
Bruna Bellincanta Nicoletto ◽  
Gabriela Chilanti ◽  
Catia Dos Santos Branco ◽  
...  

  Resumo A procura por alimentos saudáveis está crescendo e os azeites vêm ganhando atenção. Entretanto, ainda não há consenso no que se refere às melhores formas de sua utilização na culinária. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar as possíveis modificações físico-químicas decorrentes do aquecimento em azeites de oliva em comparação a outros óleos vegetais. Amostras de azeites de oliva extravirgem (AOE) ou refinado tipo único (AOU); óleo de canola (OC) e óleo de soja (OS) foram selecionadas considerando as marcas mais procuradas pela população. Essas foram aquecidas a 40, 70, 120 e 180°C e analisadas quanto à rancificação hidrolítica (índice de acidez) e oxidativa (níveis de malondialdeído - MDA). Os resultados mostraram que o aquecimento foi capaz de alterar a disponibilidade de ácidos graxos livres em AOE e AOU (redução de cerca de 30 % no índice de acidez em relação à temperatura ambiente) em comparação à OC e OS. Alterações nesse parâmetro não foram observadas para os óleos. Quanto aos níveis de MDA, observou-se que tanto o AOE quanto o AOU são menos suscetíveis à termoxidação quando aquecidos, em comparação às amostras OC/OS, que apresentaram índices estatisticamente superiores. Quando comparados em conjunto, observou-se o seguinte comportamento para os níveis de acidez (AOE = AOU > OC = OS) e MDA (OS > OC > AOU = AOE). Os dados obtidos no presente estudo indicam uma maior aplicabilidade dos azeites de oliva em preparações aquecidas, no entanto, futuros estudos são necessários para melhor compreender as reações químicas envolvidas nos processos de termoproteção desses. Palavras-chave: Ácidos graxos; estabilidade; rancificação; antioxidantes.   Abstract Are olive oils more unstable than vegetable oils on heating? A comparative study Demand for healthy foods is growing and olive oils are gaining attention. However, there is still no consensus regarding the best ways to use it in cooking. This study aimed to evaluate the possible physicochemical modifications resulting from heating olive oil compared to vegetable oils. Samples of extra virgin (AOE) or refined type (AOU) olive oils; canola oil (OC) and soybean oil (OS) were selected considering the most consumed brands by the population. Samples were heated at 40, 70, 120, and 180 ° C and analyzed for hydrolytic (acidity index) and oxidative (malondialdehyde - MDA) rancidity. The results showed that heating was able to alter the availability of free fatty acids in AOE and AOU (about 30 % reduction in acidity index compared to room temperature) in relation to OC and OS. Changes in this parameter were not observed for oils. Regarding MDA levels, it was observed that both of which olive oils were less susceptible to thermo-oxidation when heated compared to OC or OS, which showed statistically higher rates. When compared together, the following behavior was observed for acidity levels (AOE = AOU> OC = OS) and MDA (OS> OC> AOU = AOE). The data obtained in the present study indicate greater applicability of olive oils in heated preparations, however, further studies are needed to better understand the chemical reactions involved in their thermoprotection processes. Keywords: Fatty acids; stability; rancification; antioxidants.   Resumen ¿Son los aceites de oliva más inestables que los aceites vegetales al calentarlos? Un estudio comparativo La demanda de alimentos saludables es grande y los aceites de oliva están ganando atención. Todavía, no hay consenso sobre las mejores formas de utilizarlo en la cocina. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los posibles cambios físicos y químicos derivados del calentamiento de los aceites de oliva en comparación con otros aceites vegetales. Muestras de aceite de oliva virgen extra (AOE) o refinado de tipo único (AOU); aceite de canola (OC) y aceite de soja (OS) fueron seleccionados considerando las marcas más buscadas por la población. Estos fueron calentados a 40, 70, 120 y 180 ° C y analizados para rancificación hidrolítica (índice de acidez) y oxidativa (malondialdehído - MDA). Los resultados mostraron que el calentamiento puede alterar la disponibilidad de ácidos grasos libres en AOE y AOU (reducción de aproximadamente 30% en el índice de acidez en relación a la temperatura ambiente) en comparación con OC y OS. No se observaron cambios en este parámetro para los aceites. Para los niveles de MDA, se observó que tanto AOE como AOU son menos susceptibles a la termoxidación cuando se calientan, en comparación con las muestras de OC / OS, que mostraron tasas estadísticamente más altas. Cuando se compararon juntos, se observó el siguiente comportamiento para los niveles de acidez (AOE = AOU> OC = OS) y MDA (OS> OC> AOU = AOE). Los datos obtenidos en el presente estudio indican una mayor aplicabilidad de los aceites de oliva en preparaciones calentadas, sin embargo, son necesarios futuros estudios para comprender mejor las reacciones químicas involucradas en sus procesos de termoprotección. Palabras clave: Ácidos grasos; estabilidad; rancificación; antioxidantes.


2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (6) ◽  
pp. 2649-2654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Sepúlveda ◽  
Ana Laura Pietrantuono ◽  
Micaela Buteler ◽  
Valeria Fernández-Arhex

Abstract Several species of grasshoppers are attracted to vegetable oils. These oils have kairomonal properties mainly due to the presence of linolenic and linoleic fatty acids. This study aimed to determine whether the odors of canola, flax, and olive oils are attractive to Dichroplus vittigerum (Blanchard 1851) and if they induce preference and feeding. We conducted three bioassays to determine whether oil modifies attraction and feeding behavior of this grasshopper. We first determined the attraction of the oils using a wind tunnel, secondly evaluated phagostimulation produced by the oils, and finally performed preference tests comparing consumption of Taraxacum officinale (Weber ex F.H.Wigg. 1780, Asterales: Asteraceae) leaves treated with the oils versus control leaves. Even though all of the oils induced attraction, only flax oil acted as a phagostimulant. However, the oils did not determine the preference and did not increase feeding on leaves. We hypothesize that T. officinale leaves are inherently attractive and treatment with oils did not affect feeding on them. Our results provide a starting point to develop baits that can be used to attract and control these harmful insects, presenting flax oil as a potential bait for D. vittigerum since its odor was both attractive and led to increased feeding or phagostimulation. Future studies should test the effect of the oils on other plant species or at varying doses, under field conditions.


2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 3630-3634
Author(s):  
T.A. Mamedova ◽  
Z.M. Aliyeva ◽  
A.E. Aliyeva ◽  
R.T. Samedov ◽  
V.M. Abbasov ◽  
...  

The process of producing mono-alkyl esters of fatty acids from cottonseed and sunflower oils under the influence of the magnetic field with intensity  15-45 mT  was  investigated . It was revealed that the use of the energy of  magnetic field allows to reduce the reaction time to 10 times, the excess of used alcohol to 2 times while maintaining high yield of the desired product.


Fuel ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 121060
Author(s):  
Chuhua Jia ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Shaoqu Xie ◽  
Wanli Zhang ◽  
Ziling Wang ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabeena Rizwan ◽  
Cinzia Benincasa ◽  
Khalid Mehmood ◽  
Shaista Anjum ◽  
Zahid Mehmood ◽  
...  

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