Knowledge and experience of suicidal behavior in physicians in the county of Minsk, Belarus

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1624-1624
Author(s):  
Y. Lasy ◽  
K. Minkevich ◽  
D. Padruchny ◽  
T. Martynova ◽  
E. Mittendorfer-Rutz
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Prevention Project ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
Suicidal Patients

IntroductionBelarus has one of the worlds’ highest suicide rates (48.5 and 9.1/100,000 for men and women, respectively). The country's first suicide prevention project (2009–2013) focuses on educational courses for all physicians employed in primary health care (N = 120) in two regions of the county of Minsk (Total population: 73,663).ObjectiveThe aim of this paper was to investigate physicians’ knowledge with regard to suicide prevention as well as their experience of suicidal behavior based on findings from the pilot study.Methods45 physicians (mean age 43.6; 31 women, 14 men; 35% of all physicians) had participated in the first training courses, including two educational seminars (24 hours, 2009–2010). All participating physicians answered the questionnaire with 40 items distributed before the training courses.ResultThe preliminary findings indicate that half of the participating doctors (N = 22) considered mental disorders as being the main risk factor for suicide and equally many defined suicide as an expression of “spiritual weakness”. 48% considered that asking patients about suicidal thoughts can stimulate the act. As many as 47% (21 physicians) had experienced a patients’ suicide during their professional practice (14 of them more than once). About half of the doctors (N = 24) have been confronted with a patient's suicide attempt and 20 participants (44%) experienced suicidal behavior of close friends and relatives. 17 (38%) and 2 doctors reported suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts ever in life, respectively.ConclusionImproved suicidological knowledge is badly needed, particularly in the light of the frequent confrontation with suicidal patients.

Parents of Suicidal College Students: What Deans, Judges and Legislators Should Know About Campus Research Findings

NASPA Journal ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R Baker
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Student Affairs ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Student Affairs Officers ◽  
Recent Experience ◽  
State Laws ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Prevention Plan

When suicidal behavior is reported, student affairs officers on many campuses notify parents as one component of a multifaceted campus suicide prevention plan. In response to proposals to mandate parent notification, the author argues that practical considerations warrant against expanding state laws to require notification following campus suicide attempts. The recent experience with parent notice at one university confirms the work of earlier researchers who concluded that parents rarely withdraw suicidal students from enrollment. Although a policy of sending the letters may deter further episodes of selfdestructive behavior, parents once alerted to the situation are not likely to intervene in a manner that will reduce significantly the risk of suicide.

scholarly journals ДЕЯКІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СУЇЦИДАЛЬНОЇ ПОВЕДІНКИ ХВОРИХ НА ПАРАНОЇДНУ ШИЗОФРЕНІЮ

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya. Yu. Marunkevych
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Paranoid Schizophrenia ◽  
Medical Documentation ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Clinical Survey ◽  
Gender Factor

Suicidal behavior is one of the most pressing social and medical problems. At the same time, a number of important issues related to the suicidal behavior of schizophrenic patients, in particular gender features, remain insufficiently studied.The aim of the study – to learn the peculiarities of suicidal behavior of patients with paranoid schizophrenia taking into account the gender factor on the basis of a comparative analysis of medical records and direct clinical research.Materials and Methods. To study the peculiarities of suicidal behavior of patients with paranoid schizophrenia, taking into account the gender factor, a study of suicidal behavior was conducted by studying medical records of 407 men and 409 women and a clinical examination of 53 men and 49 women with paranoid schizophrenia.Results and Discussion. A relatively low prevalence of suicidal phenomena before the onset of schizophrenia: a suicidal ideation was found in 1.0 % of men and 1.5 % of women according to medical records and 5.7 % of men and 4.1 % of women according to the clinical examination, suicidal actions – in 1.5 % of women according to medical records. Installed that after the debut of schizophrenia, the suicidal activity of patients sharply increases: according to the analysis of medical documentation suicidal thoughts were found in 17.2 % of men and 18.8 % of women, according to the clinical survey – in 47.2 % of men and 20.4 % of women, suicide attempts were in 9.3% and 15.6%, respectively, and 26.4 %, respectively, versus 10.2 %. The significant severity of psychopathological symptoms of schizophrenia in patients with suicidal tendencies is established. The most closely associated with the presence of suicidal thoughts are negative symptoms and behavioral disorders (97.3 % among all patients, 95.7 % among men, 98.7 % among women according to the documentation analysis, 100.0 % according to the clinical survey). Suicidal actions are characterized by close association with negative symptoms.Conclusions. Patients with paranoid schizophrenia are characterized by high suicidal activity, both at the level of suicidal thoughts and at the level of suicidal actions.

Restricting Access to Methods of Suicide

Crisis ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (S1) ◽  
pp. 4-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Hawton
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Long Term Survivors ◽  
Methods Of Suicide

Abstract. Restriction of access to means for suicidal behavior, especially dangerous methods, is a key element in most national suicide prevention strategies. In this paper the rationale for this is discussed, including the fact that suicidal impulses are often brief, that availability of a method may influence both the occurrence and outcome of a suicidal act, and that if a favored means becomes less available it does not always result in substitution by another method. Examples of evidence for the effectiveness of restricting availability of suicidal methods on subsequent suicidal behavior are presented, plus the supporting findings from studies of long-term survivors of serious suicide attempts in which only a minority have gone on to die in subsequent suicide attempts. Finally, factors likely to determine the effectiveness of modifying access to means for suicide are considered, together with the main elements that need to be addressed in evaluation.

Teaching medical professionals and trainees about adolescent suicide prevention: five key problems

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Sher
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Adolescent Suicide ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Suicidal Patients

Abstract Predicting and preventing suicide represent very difficult challenges for clinicians. The awareness of adolescent suicide as a major social and medical problem has increased over the past years. However, many health care professionals who have frequent contact with adolescents are not sufficiently trained in suicide evaluation techniques and approaches to adolescents with suicidal behavior. Suicide prevention efforts among adolescents are restricted by the fact that there are five key problems related to the evaluation and management of suicidality in adolescents: 1. Many clinicians underestimate the importance of the problem of adolescent suicidal behavior and underestimate its prevalence. 2. There is a misconception that direct questioning of adolescents about suicidality is sufficient to evaluate suicide risk. 3. Another misconception is that adolescents with non-psychiatric illnesses do not need to be evaluated for suicidality. 4. Many clinicians do not know about or underestimate the role of contagion in adolescent suicidal behavior. 5. There is a mistaken belief that adolescent males are at lower suicide risk than adolescent females. Educating medical professionals and trainees about the warning signs and symptoms of adolescent suicide and providing them with tools to recognize, evaluate, and manage suicidal patients represent a promising approach to adolescent suicide prevention.

A probe in the connection between inflammation, cognition and suicide

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Cáceda ◽  
W Sue T Griffin ◽  
Pedro L Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Physical Pain ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Downstream Effects ◽  
Suicidal Patients

Background: Increased inflammation is linked to suicide risk. However, it is unclear whether increased inflammation drives suicidal crises or is a trait associated with lifetime suicidal behavior. Limited data exist on the sources of increased inflammation observed in suicidal patients and on its downstream effects. Aims: To examine factors associated with inflammation and with suicidal ideation severity in acutely suicidal depressed patients. Methods: Fifty-two adult depressed patients of both sexes hospitalized for severe suicidal ideation were characterized for suicidality, depression, anxiety, medical comorbidity, psychological and physical pain, impulsivity, verbal fluency, C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin (IL) 6. Two generalized linear models were performed with either CRP or suicidal ideation severity as dependent variables. Results: CRP levels were positively associated with age, body mass index (BMI), IL6, current physical pain and number of lifetime suicide attempts. Suicidal ideation severity was not significantly correlated with either CRP or IL6. Suicidal ideation severity was positively associated with female sex, presence of an anxiety disorder, current physical pain, number of lifetime suicide attempts and with delay discounting for medium and large losses. Conclusions: Increased inflammation is not associated with acute suicidal risk, but seems to represent a trait associated with lifetime suicidal behavior.

Suicidality in Hospitalized Patients with a Primary Diagnosis of Personality Disorder

Crisis ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Ahrens ◽  
Joachim Haug
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Suicidal Patients ◽  
High Degree

In this investigation the frequency and clinical importance of suicidal behavior in patients with a primary diagnosis of personality disorder was studied. The sample was drawn from a group of over 8000 psychiatric inpatients admitted to a university psychiatric hospital. Only patients with a primary diagnosis of personality disorder were included. In the subgroup of 226 patients with this diagnosis, it was found that the rate of suicidality was almost as great as that of patients with a primary diagnosis of major affective disorder (39% as opposed to 41%), despite the absence in all but 3% of these patients of an additional diagnosis of affective disorder. Further, this figure was considerably higher than that for all psychiatric inpatients (24%). Suicidal patients had more suicide attempts in their history and had a more serious depressive syndrome, despite the fact that only 3% fulfilled the criteria for major affective disorder. The conclusion which can be drawn is that a high degree of suicidality should not be regarded as exclusively linked to a primary diagnosis of major affective disorder.

Brain imaging biomarkers in personalizing pharmacotherapy of suicidal depressed patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S53-S54
Author(s):  
J.J. Mann
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Imaging Biomarkers ◽  
Mood Regulation ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Neurotransmitter Systems ◽  
Dopaminergic Systems ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Suicidal Patients

BackgroundNew knowledge has emerged about decision-making, mood regulation, social distortions and learning that is relevant for the diathesis for suicidal behavior. All four domains have identified underlying neural circuits and for decision-making and mood regulation also specific neurotransmitter systems.MethodsWe have conducted PET studies of the serotonergic system and CSF studies of the serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine neurotransmitter systems in patients surviving suicide attempts to determine whether they have neurotransmitter abnormalities that resemble those found in the brain after suicide. We found alterations in the serotonin transporter and the 5-HT1A receptor that are similar to those seen in suicides and moreover the severity of the abnormality in 5-HT1A binding is correlated with the lethality of suicidal behavior. Other studies examining CSF levels of 5-HIAA are consistent with imaging data and extend the findings to the noradrenergic and dopaminergic systems. Finally, we will present data on use of these biomarkers to predict treatment outcome. Abnormal decision-making and mood regulation in suicidal patients is linked to abnormal brain biology and has direct implications for clinical practice in terms of selecting specific types of medication and how these may be best combined with psychotherapies.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Association between Toxoplasma gondii Exposure and Suicidal Behavior in Patients Attending Primary Health Care Clinics

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 677
Author(s):  
Cosme Alvarado-Esquivel ◽  
Sergio Estrada-Martínez ◽  
Agar Ramos-Nevárez ◽  
Alma Rosa Pérez-Álamos ◽  
Isabel Beristain-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Primary Care Clinics ◽  
Health Care Clinics ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
History Of

This study aimed to determine the association between suicidal behavior and T. gondii seroreactivity in 2045 patients attending primary care clinics. IgG antibodies against T. gondii were found in 37 (12.1%) out of 306 individuals with a history of suicidal ideation and in 134 (7.7%) of 1739 individuals without this history (OR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.11–2.42; p = 0.01). Seropositivity to T. gondii was associated with suicidal ideation in women (OR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.01–2.42; p = 0.03) and individuals aged ≤30 years (OR: 3.25; 95% CI: 1.53–6.88; p = 0.001). No association between the rates of high (>150 IU/mL) levels of anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies and suicidal ideation or suicide attempts was found. IgG antibodies against T. gondii were found in 22 of 185 (11.9%) individuals with a history of suicide attempts and in 149 (8.0%) of 1860 individuals without this history (OR: 1.54; 95% CI: 0.96–2.49; p = 0.06). The seroprevalence of T. gondii infection was associated with suicide attempts in individuals aged 31–50 years (OR: 2.01; 95% CI: 1.09–3.71; p = 0.02), and with more than three suicide attempts (OR: 4.02; 95% CI: 1.34–12.03; p = 0.008). Our results indicate that T. gondii exposure is associated with suicidal behavior among patients attending primary care clinics.

scholarly journals Hope and attitudes related to suicidal behavior among nursing students

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e72101018571
Author(s):  
Bruna Marques Chiarelo ◽  
Amanda Heloisa Santana da Silva ◽  
Isabelle Wengler Silva ◽  
Ana Carolina Guidorizzi Zanetti ◽  
Maria Betânia Tinti de Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnoses ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Received Social Support ◽  
Negative Feelings

Objective: to investigate, among nursing undergraduate students, the predictors of hope, suicidal thoughts and attitudes related to suicidal behavior. Methodology: Cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach, developed in 2018 with 337 undergraduates from a Brazilian public university. We applied a sociodemographic, clinical and psychosocial questionnaire; the Suicide Behavior Attitude Questionnaire and the Herth Hope Scale. We used mean comparison tests, Pearson’s correlation test and binary logistic regression. Results: Predictors of hopelessness were psychiatric diagnoses, mental health treatment, absence of religious beliefs and dissatisfaction with the received social support. The chances of suicidal thoughts were higher among people with psychiatric diagnoses, dissatisfaction with the received social support, more understanding of the right to suicide and hopelessness. Predictors of more negative feelings about suicidal behavior were less professional competence and non participation in scientific events. Older students and those with less suicidal thoughts increased the chances of condemnatory attitudes. Predictors of fewer self-perceived competence were negative feelings about suicidal behavior, dissatisfaction with social support and less educational exposure (previous reading of suicide prevention materials or participation in events) and not having friends/relatives at suicide risk. Conclusion: it is important to develop and evaluate undergraduate support and educational strategies that consider the factors investigated in this study, in order to promote hope and training for suicide prevention.

A Comparison of Attitudes Toward Suicide Among Individuals With and Without Suicidal Thoughts and Suicide Attempts in South Korea

Crisis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Uk Lee ◽  
Mina Jeon ◽  
Jong-Ik Park
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Suicidal Thought ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Suicidal Person ◽  
History Of ◽  
Attitudes Toward Suicide

Abstract. Background: A suicidal person can go through different stages that include suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts. For a few individuals, these can end up with suicide. However, there have been no studies investigating any differences in attitudes toward suicides among individuals with no suicidal thoughts, those with suicidal thoughts, and those with suicide attempts. Aims: This study was carried out to compare attitudes toward suicide among three different groups: individuals with a history of no suicidal thoughts, those with a history of suicidal thoughts, and those with a history of suicide attempts. Method: To examine Koreans' attitudes toward suicide, we analyzed the data from the 2013 National Suicide Survey involving 1,500 participants aged between 19 and 75 years. Results: Different attitudes toward suicide were found among the three groups. Persons reporting that they had made a suicide attempt in their life showed the most permissive attitudes toward suicide. Limitations: Since this research is based on cross-sectional data, it is difficult to eliminate the possibility of changes in attitude toward suicide completely after having a suicidal thought and suicide attempt. Conclusion: These results can be a useful source for constructing effective messages for suicide prevention campaigns and can ultimately contribute to an improvement in the public's perceptions of suicide in the future.

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