Rapid evolutionary divergences in reef fishes of the family Acanthuridae (Perciformes: Teleostei)

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kendall D. Clements ◽  
Russell D. Gray ◽  
J. Howard Choat
Keyword(s):  
Reef Fishes ◽  
The Family

scholarly journals Local phylogenetic divergence and global evolutionary convergence of skull function in reef fishes of the family Labridae

2005 ◽  
Vol 272 (1567) ◽  
pp. 993-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W Westneat ◽  
Michael E Alfaro ◽  
Peter C Wainwright ◽  
David R Bellwood ◽  
Justin R Grubich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reef Fishes ◽  
The Family ◽  
Evolutionary Convergence ◽  
Phylogenetic Divergence

scholarly journals Angels in disguise: sympatric hybridization in the marine angelfishes is widespread and occurs between deeply divergent lineages

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1932) ◽  
pp. 20201459
Author(s):  
Yi-Kai Tea ◽  
Jean-Paul A. Hobbs ◽  
Federico Vitelli ◽  
Joseph D. DiBattista ◽  
Simon Y. W. Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Reef Fishes ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Coral Reef Fishes ◽  
General Phenomenon ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
The Family ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Physical Barriers

Hybridization events are not uncommon in marine environments where physical barriers are attenuated. Studies of coral reef taxa have suggested that hybridization predominantly occurs between parapatric species distributed along biogeographic suture zones. By contrast, little is known about the extent of sympatric hybridization on coral reefs, despite the large amount of biogeographic overlap shared by many coral reef species. Here, we investigate if the propensity for hybridization along suture zones represents a general phenomenon among coral reef fishes, by focusing on the marine angelfishes (family Pomacanthidae). Although hybridization has been reported for this family, it has not been thoroughly surveyed, with more recent hybridization studies focusing instead on closely related species from a population genetics perspective. We provide a comprehensive survey of hybridization among the Pomacanthidae, characterize the upper limits of genetic divergences between hybridizing species and investigate the occurrence of sympatric hybridization within this group. We report the occurrence of hybridization involving 42 species (48% of the family) from all but one genus of the Pomacanthidae. Our results indicate that the marine angelfishes are among the groups of coral reef fishes with the highest incidences of hybridization, not only between sympatric species, but also between deeply divergent lineages.

scholarly journals Seeing Nemo: molecular evolution of ultraviolet visual opsins and spectral tuning of photoreceptors in anemonefishes (Amphiprioninae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie J. Mitchell ◽  
Karen L. Cheney ◽  
Wen-Sung Chung ◽  
N. Justin Marshall ◽  
Kyle Michie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Evolution ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Reef Fishes ◽  
Human Vision ◽  
Opsin Gene ◽  
Gene Duplications ◽  
Adult Retina ◽  
Uv Sensitivity ◽  
The Family ◽  
Uv Vision

ABSTRACTMany animals can see ultraviolet (UV) light (shorter than 400 nm) undetectable to human vision. UV vision may have functional importance in many taxa including for foraging and communication in birds, reptiles, insects and teleost fishes. Shallow coral reefs transmit a broad spectrum of light and are rich in UV; driving the evolution of diverse spectral sensitivities in teleost reef fishes, including UV-sensitivity. However, the identities and sites of the specific visual genes that underly vision in reef fishes remain elusive and are useful in determining how molecular evolution has tuned vision to meet the ecological demands of life on the reef. We investigated the visual systems of eleven anemonefish (Amphiprioninae) species, specifically probing for the molecular pathways that facilitate UV-sensitivity. Searching the genomes of anemonefishes, we identified a total of seven functional visual genes from all five vertebrate opsin gene subfamilies. We found rare instances of UV-sensitive SWS1 opsin gene duplications, that produced two functional paralogs (SWS1α and SWS1β) and a pseudogene. We also found separate RH2A opsin gene duplicates not yet reported in the family Pomacentridae. Finally, we report on both qualitative and quantitative aspects of opsin gene expression found in the adult retina of the false clown anemonefish (Amphiprion ocellaris), and their photoreceptor spectral sensitivities measured using microspectrophotometry.

Triassic sponges (Sphinctozoa) from Hells Canyon, Oregon

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (03) ◽  
pp. 419-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baba Senowbari-Daryan ◽  
George D. Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Island Arc ◽  
Tropical Island ◽  
The Family ◽  
Wallowa Terrane ◽  
Unique Condition ◽  
Hells Canyon

Two Upper Triassic sphinctozoan sponges of the family Sebargasiidae were recovered from silicified residues collected in Hells Canyon, Oregon. These sponges areAmblysiphonellacf.A. steinmanni(Haas), known from the Tethys region, andColospongia whalenin. sp., an endemic species. The latter sponge was placed in the superfamily Porata by Seilacher (1962). The presence of well-preserved cribrate plates in this sponge, in addition to pores of the chamber walls, is a unique condition never before reported in any porate sphinctozoans. Aporate counterparts known primarily from the Triassic Alps have similar cribrate plates but lack the pores in the chamber walls. The sponges from Hells Canyon are associated with abundant bivalves and corals of marked Tethyan affinities and come from a displaced terrane known as the Wallowa Terrane. It was a tropical island arc, suspected to have paleogeographic relationships with Wrangellia; however, these sponges have not yet been found in any other Cordilleran terrane.

Electron Microscopy of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 258-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Boatman ◽  
G. E. Kenny
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Gamma Globulin ◽  
Horse Serum ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
The Family

Information concerning the morphology and replication of organism of the family Mycoplasmataceae remains, despite over 70 years of study, highly controversial. Due to their small size observations by light microscopy have not been rewarding. Furthermore, not only are these organisms extremely pleomorphic but their morphology also changes according to growth phase. This study deals with the morphological aspects of M. pneumoniae strain 3546 in relation to growth, interaction with HeLa cells and possible mechanisms of replication.The organisms were grown aerobically at 37°C in a soy peptone yeast dialysate medium supplemented with 12% gamma-globulin free horse serum. The medium was buffered at pH 7.3 with TES [N-tris (hyroxymethyl) methyl-2-aminoethane sulfonic acid] at 10mM concentration. The inoculum, an actively growing culture, was filtered through a 0.5 μm polycarbonate “nuclepore” filter to prevent transfer of all but the smallest aggregates. Growth was assessed at specific periods by colony counts and 800 ml samples of organisms were fixed in situ with 2.5% glutaraldehyde for 3 hrs. at 4°C. Washed cells for sectioning were post-fixed in 0.8% OSO4 in veronal-acetate buffer pH 6.1 for 1 hr. at 21°C. HeLa cells were infected with a filtered inoculum of M. pneumoniae and incubated for 9 days in Leighton tubes with coverslips. The cells were then removed and processed for electron microscopy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document