scholarly journals PEY8 PATIENT-REPORTED VISUAL FUNCTION IN LOW-VISION POPULATIONS (NEI-VFQ):AN ANALYSIS WITH COMPARISONS OF READING PERFORMANCE, CONTRAST SENSITIVITY, SCOTOMA TESTING, AND VISUAL ACUITY

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 369
Author(s):  
T Tencer ◽  
TS Chang ◽  
DC Fletcher ◽  
DR Globe
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Reading Performance ◽  
Patient Reported

scholarly journals Ophthalmic Findings and Their Effect on Visual Function in Persons with Albinism in Southern Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ihunanya Ibanga ◽  
Chinyere N. Pedro-Egbe ◽  
Alfred A. Onua ◽  
Bassey Fiebai
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ocular Disorders ◽  
Southern Nigeria ◽  
Study Participants

Aim: To determine the pattern of ocular disorders in persons with albinism and how they affect visual function. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted over a five-month period on persons living with albinism in Southern Nigeria. The study participants were randomly selected during the monthly meetings of a support group known as The Albinism Foundation (TAF).Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity were assessed using the ETDRS visual acuity chart and Pelli Robson contrast sensitivity test chart. A comprehensive eye examination including dilated fundoscopy was also carried out to determine other ocular disorders. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22 and statistical significance was set at a p-value ≤ 0.05. Results: A total of 116 PWA (232 eyes) were examined. There were 44 (37.9%) males and 72 (62.1%) females. The age of the study subjects ranged from 5 to 56 years. Most eyes were visually impaired for both distance (n=228; 98.3%) and near vision (n= 224; 96.6%). Contrast sensitivity in most eyes (n=138; 59.5%) was subnormal. With refraction and Low Vision Aid (LVA), there was significant improvement of the mean VA by 2-3 acuity lines and 6 acuity lines respectively (p=0.000). All the examined eyes had fundus hypo-pigmentation, 91.4% (n=212) had iris trans-illumination, 86.2% (n=200) had nystagmus, and 34.4% (n=80) had strabismus. Nystagmus, strabismus and iris trans-illumination significantly (p=0.00) reduced visual acuity and contrast sensitivity. Conclusion: Most study participants had reduced distance visual acuity and contrast sensitivity but with correction there was a significant improvement in vision. The presence of nystagmus, strabismus and iris trans-illumination were observed to contribute to the poor vision experienced by most persons living with albinism. Hence, early optical intervention and counselling is important in improving the quality of living of persons with albinism.

scholarly journals Reading Performance and Compensatory Head Posture in Infantile Nystagmus after Null Zone Training

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4728
Author(s):  
Norliza Mohamad Fadzil ◽  
Zainora Mohammed ◽  
Mizhanim Mohamad Shahimin ◽  
Noor Haziq Saliman
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Reading Rate ◽  
Reading Performance ◽  
Head Posture ◽  
Infantile Nystagmus

This study aimed to assess the visual function, reading performance, and compensatory head posture (CHP) in schoolchildren with infantile nystagmus. A total of 18 participants aged between 13 to 18 years old were divided into spectacle (n = 9) and null zone group (n = 9) based on their visual acuity. Visual acuity (LogMAR), contrast sensitivity (Pelli–Robson), reading time and rate (Tobii TX300), and CHP were measured pre and post null zone reading training. Participants in the null zone group received 10 sessions of training (5 weeks). Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity of participants in the spectacle and null zone groups were not significantly different pre and post training. Reading performance, i.e., reading time (z = −1.36; p = 0.173) and reading rate (z = −0.06; p = 0.953), of participants in the spectacle group was not significantly different after 5 weeks. Reading time (z = −2.55; p = 0.011) and reading rate (z = −2.07; p = 0.038 of participants in the null zone group showed significant improvement post training. After 5 weeks, CHP improved in six out of the nine participants (66.7%) of the null zone group and was unchanged in all participants in the spectacle group. Null zone reading training could benefit children with infantile nystagmus in improving reading performance and compensatory head posture.

scholarly journals The impact of saffron (Crocus sativus) supplementation on visual function in patients with dry age-related macular degeneration

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Riazi ◽  
Yunes Panahi ◽  
Ali Agha Alishiri ◽  
Mohammad Ahmad Hosseini ◽  
Ali Akbar Karimi Zarchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Impact

The aim was to evaluate the impact of saffron supplementation on visual function in patients with dry age-related macular degeneration (ARMD). Fifty-four participants, 23 male and 31 female, with dry ARMD were assigned to one of the following two groups. The treatment group (n=29) consumed 50 mg saffron daily during a 3- month period, while 25 subjects served as the control group. Visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and retinal thickness were measured at the beginning and at the end of the study. Quality of life was evaluated using the Melbourne Low Vision Index (MLVI) before and after treatment. Significant increases in visual acuity and contrast sensitivity were found in the saffron group but not in the control group. Changes in macular thickness were not statistically different between the two groups. Short-term consumption of saffron may slow down the progression of disease and improve visual function, especially contrast sensitivity, in patients with dry ARMD.

Prospective analysis of visual function changes in patients with dermatochalasis after upper eyelid blepharoplasty

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 978-984
Author(s):  
Meryem Altin Ekin ◽  
Seyda Karadeniz Ugurlu
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Higher Order Aberrations ◽  
Upper Eyelid ◽  
Spatial Frequencies ◽  
The Difference

Objective: To evaluate the changes of visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, astigmatism, and higher order aberrations after blepharoplasty in patients with dermatochalasis. Methods: Two hundred six eyelids of 103 patients with dermatochalasis were prospectively studied. Visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, corneal topography, astigmatism degree, and higher order aberrations were examined and recorded before and at 1 month after upper eyelid blepharoplasty. Change in contrast sensitivity and astigmatism values were determined according to margin reflex distance of patients, which were classified into three following groups: <2 mm, 2–3 mm, and ⩾ 4 mm. A Wilcoxon signed rank test was performed to compare the difference. Results: No significant differences were observed for visual acuity (p = 0.157). The contrast sensitivity of patients significantly increased at all spatial frequencies both under glare and nonglare conditions (p < 0.05). The mean refractive astigmatism significantly decreased from ‒1.01 ± 1.3 to ‒0.79 ± 0.71, postoperatively (p = 0.029). In patients with marginal reflex distance < 2 mm, mean contrast sensitivity was increased (p < 0.001) and mean astigmatism was decreased significantly (p < 0.001) compared with those with ⩾ 2 mm. Higher order aberrations decreased significantly from 0.62 ± 0.41 µm to 0.55 ± 0.38 µm (p = 0.038) after blepharoplasty. Root mean square of the vertical trefoil (p = 0.038), vertical coma (p = 0.002), horizontal trefoil (p = 0.027), third-order aberration (p = 0.005), secondary vertical stigmatism (p = 0.001), spherical aberration (p = 0.023), secondary horizontal astigmatism (p = 0.002), fourth-order aberration (p = 0.024), vertical pentafoil (p = 0.015), secondary horizontal coma (p = 0.035), secondary horizontal trefoil (p = 0.030), and horizontal pentafoil (p = 0.048) were decreased significantly. Conclusion: Upper eyelid blepharoplasty in patients with dermatochalasis has a significant improvement in visual function in terms of contrast sensitivity, astigmatism, and higher order aberrations.

Visual Function during Acute Hypoglycaemia

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Tabandeh ◽  
L. Ranganath ◽  
V. Marks
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Visual Pathways ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Hypoglycaemia Unawareness ◽  
Visual Symptoms ◽  
Binocular Function

Hypoglycaemia symptoms are of particular interest in view of the importance of hypoglycaemia unawareness. Visual symptoms arising during acute hypoglycaemia may be the result of metabolic disturbances in the visual pathways within the central nervous system or impairment of the refractive apparatus of the eye and binocular function. This study investigated the effect of hypoglycaemia upon visual acuity, binocular interaction and contrast sensitivity. Various aspects of visual function were examined in ten normal subjects before, during and after acute insulin-induced hypoglycaemia. A simultaneous study of hypoglycaemic symptoms enabled us to relate the objective findings to the symptoms as reported by the subjects. Snellen visual acuity, fusion and stereopsis were not affected by hypoglycaemia. Five subjects noted visual disturbance. Eight developed significant impairment of contrast sensitivity, which closely matched the lowered blood glucose concentration. These observations suggest that hypoglycaemic visual symptoms are due to neuroglycopenia of central visual pathways rather than changes within the refractive apparatus or abnormality of binocular function. Although these symptoms are not a constant feature of the hypoglycaemic state, subtle impairment of visual function occurs in most cases. Contrast sensitivity testing can be useful for assessment of fine changes in visual function.

scholarly journals The STArgardt Remofuscin Treatment Trial (STARTT): design and baseline characteristics of enrolled Stargardt patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Patty P.A. Dhooge ◽  
Philipp T. Möller ◽  
Camiel J.F. Boon ◽  
Andrew J. Lotery ◽  
Philipp Herrmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Reading Speed ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Treatment Trial ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Baseline Characteristics ◽  
Sd Oct

Background: This report describes the study design and baseline characteristics of patients with Stargardt disease (STGD1) enrolled in the STArgardt Remofuscin Treatment Trial (STARTT). Methods: In total, 87 patients with genetically confirmed STGD1 were randomized in a double-masked, placebo-controlled proof of concept trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of 20 milligram oral remofuscin for 24 months. The primary outcome measure is change in mean quantitative autofluorescence value of an 8-segment ring centred on the fovea (qAF8). Secondary efficacy variables are best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), low-luminance visual acuity (LLVA), mesopic microperimetry (mMP),  spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), reading speed on Radner reading charts, and patient-reported visual function as assessed by the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire 25 (NEI VFQ-25) and Functional Reading Independence (FRI) Index. Results: Mean age of participants was 35±11 years with 49 (56%) female. Median qAF8 value was 438 Units (range 210-729). Median BCVA and LLVA in decimal units were 0.50 (range 0.13-0.80) and 0.20 (range 0.06-0.63), respectively. The median of the mean retinal sensitivity with mMP was 20.4 dB (range 0.0-28.8). SD-OCT showed median central subfield retinal thickness of 142 µm (range 72-265) and median macular volume of 1.65 mm3 (range 1.13-2.19). Compared to persons without vision impairment, both reading performance and patient-reported visual function were significantly lower (p<0.001, one sample t-test). Mean reading speed was 108±39 words/minute with logRAD-score of 0.45±0.28. Mean VFQ-25 composite score was 72±13. Mean FRI Index score 2.8±0.6. Conclusions: This trial design may serve as reference for future clinical trials as it explores the utility of qAF8 as primary outcome measure. The baseline data represent the largest, multi-national, STGD1 cohort to date that underwent standardized qAF imaging, reading speed assessment and vision-related quality of life measures which all contribute to the characterization of STGD1. EudraCT registration: 2018-001496-20 (09/05/2019)

scholarly journals Simulating Visibility and Reading Performance in Low Vision

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Zi Xiong ◽  
Quan Lei ◽  
Aurélie Calabrèse ◽  
Gordon E. Legge
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Reading Speed ◽  
Reading Performance ◽  
Digital Text ◽  
Reading Acuity ◽  
Vision Simulation ◽  
Print Size ◽  
Better Than

PurposeLow vision reduces text visibility and causes difficulties in reading. A valid low-vision simulation could be used to evaluate the accessibility of digital text for readers with low vision. We examined the validity of a digital simulation for replicating the text visibility and reading performance of low-vision individuals.MethodsLow-vision visibility was modeled with contrast sensitivity functions (CSFs) with parameters to represent reduced acuity and contrast sensitivity. Digital filtering incorporating these CSFs were applied to digital versions of the Lighthouse Letter Acuity Chart and the Pelli-Robson Contrast Sensitivity Chart. Reading performance (reading acuity, critical print size, and maximum reading speed) was assessed with filtered versions of the MNREAD reading acuity Chart. Thirty-six normally sighted young adults completed chart testing under normal and simulated low-vision conditions. Fifty-eight low-vision subjects (thirty with macular pathology and twenty-eight with non-macular pathology) and fifteen normally sighted older subjects completed chart testing with their habitual viewing. We hypothesized that the performance of the normally sighted young adults under simulated low-vision conditions would match the corresponding performance of actual low-vision subjects.ResultsWhen simulating low-vision conditions with visual acuity better than 1.50 logMAR (Snellen 20/630) and contrast sensitivity better than 0.15 log unit, the simulation adequately reduced the acuity and contrast sensitivity in normally sighted young subjects to the desired low-vision levels. When performing the MNREAD test with simulated low vision, the normally sighted young adults had faster maximum reading speed than both the Non-macular and Macular groups, by an average of 0.07 and 0.12 log word per minute, respectively. However, they adequately replicated the reading acuity as well as the critical print size, up to 2.00 logMAR of both low-vision groups.ConclusionA low-vision simulation based on clinical measures of visual acuity and contrast sensitivity can provide good estimates of reading performance and the accessibility of digital text for a broad range of low-vision conditions.

SYSTEM FOR MEASURING RODENTS' VISUAL FUNCTION: DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (02) ◽  
pp. 1450018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Perez-Vidal ◽  
Alejandro Garcia ◽  
Nicolas Garcia-Aracil ◽  
Jose M. Sabater ◽  
Eduardo Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Visual Perception ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Visual Development ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Function Design

The aim of the work presented in this paper is the design, manufacturing and assembling of a system able to measure rodents' (mice and rats) visual function and to study the evolution of degenerative retina diseases. Measurement of contrast sensitivity and visual acuity is essential to design new drugs and understand mechanisms of visual development to evaluate treatments' effectiveness. Classical methods to study visual perception of animals such as electroretinogram (ERG) or histological analysis are not supplying enough information because connection between eyes and brain is not considered. The system proposed in this work consists of four screens forming a cube with black methacrylate plastic floor and roof. Screens display visual stimulus and the rodent's behaviour (placed over a platform in the middle of the cube) is analized to determine its visual acuity and contrast sensitivity. These visual stimuli are generated from a FPGA board designed in this project. This board has a USB link with a computer and it controls screens via VGA signals. Rodents' behaviour is analized using computer vision algorithms under OpenCV libraries. To test the system, more than 30 mice (C57 and RD10 type) have been used to validate the hardware, the software, the procedure and protocol.

Early glycaemic control for maintaining visual function in type 1 diabetes: The Oulu cohort study of diabetic retinopathy

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 684-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Hautala ◽  
Mira Siiskonen ◽  
Virva Hannula ◽  
Kaisu Järvinen ◽  
Aura Falck
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Haemoglobin A1c ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Haemoglobin A1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the visual function and the ophthalmic status of young Finnish adults with long duration of type 1 diabetes in relation to the history of the metabolic control. Methods: A population-based cohort of children with type 1 diabetes examined in the Northern Ostrobothnia hospital district in 1989 (n = 216) was re-examined 18 years later. High-contrast visual acuity (best-corrected visual acuity), contrast sensitivity, refractive error, lens status, intraocular pressure, stage of diabetic retinopathy and received treatments were evaluated. The metabolic control was reflected by the mean of glycated haemoglobin A1 or glycated haemoglobin A1c values of the years 1983–1989 and 1992–2007, respectively. Results: In all, 96 men and 76 women age 30 ± 3 years with type 1 diabetes duration of 23 ± 4 years attended the re-evaluation. About 60% (103/172) had normal best-corrected visual acuity and 3% had low vision. Contrast sensitivity was abnormal in two-thirds. Half had myopia. Four patients had cataract surgery. Low childhood glycated haemoglobin A1 was indicative, and favourable glycated haemoglobin A1c during youth was a significant predictor of better contrast sensitivity and ocular state in adulthood. Conclusion: The majority of the patients have useful vision, although minor functional impairments are commonly detectable. Long duration of type 1 diabetes in association with non-optimal glycaemic control threatens visual function already at young adulthood. Thus, strong emphasis to control diabetes from onset is important in maintaining good visual function.

scholarly journals Vision related quality of life: A cataract study

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 653-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slobodanka Latinovic ◽  
Vladimir Canadanovic ◽  
Nikola Babic ◽  
Ljiljana Ljesevic ◽  
Desanka Grkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
Related Quality

Introduction. Since 1996, advanced methods and new instruments for the assessment of vision quality of life (VisQoL) index (37 and 15) have been developed and applied at the University Eye Clinic in Novi Sad. Many researches assume that postoperative results should not be evaluated only by postoperative visual acuity, but also by subjective perception of visual function and the patients ability to perform everyday activities, i.e. by quality of life. Therefore, our clinical results were based on both parameters of visual function, as the most objective attributes for assessing outcomes of certain types of cataract surgery. Material and Methods. Based on the results of the Cataract Study in Vojvodina in 2004, 5.7% of patients waiting for cataract surgery were already blind, 16.5% had low vision with cataract on both eyes, and 57% of patients had monocular blindness. Results and Discussion. With improvement of visual acuity to 0.5 or higher, after cataract surgery in 96.5% of patients, the cumulative VisQoL 15-index changed from 59.3 to 95.5. Intraocular lens implantation contributed most to the significant improvement in the vision related quality of life. Our study showed that pseudophakic patients had better quality of life than aphakic patients, who had the same visual acuity and refractive correction. Difficulties in performing everyday activities, such as shopping, using the telephone and reading, were found in 12.7% of aphakic, but only in 3% of pseudophakic patients. Conclusion. Advanced phacoemulsification techniques enable operated cataract patients immediate vision recovery, better quality of life, and personal satisfaction with visual function in everyday activities.

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