scholarly journals PCN47 IMPACT OF HIV INFECTION ON INVASIVE CERVICAL CANCER INCIDENCE AND TREATMENT COSTS IN SOUTH AFRICAN WOMEN

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. A68
Author(s):  
A Vijayaraghavan ◽  
M Efrusy ◽  
G Lindeque ◽  
G Dreyer ◽  
C Santas
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
South African ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽  
Treatment Costs ◽  
African Women ◽  
Cervical Cancer Incidence ◽  
South African Women

scholarly journals Reducing the risk of HIV infection during pregnancy among South African women: A randomized controlled trial

AIDS Care ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 702-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Jones ◽  
K. Peltzer ◽  
O. Villar-Loubet ◽  
E. Shikwane ◽  
R. Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
South African ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
African Women ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
South African Women

Impact of socioeconomic status and degree of ethnic isolation on cervical cancer incidence among Hispanics and Asians in California.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 5605-5605
Author(s):  
Marie-Anne Froment ◽  
Audrey Roux ◽  
Mindy C. DeRouen ◽  
Scarlett Lin Gomez ◽  
Elizabeth A. Kidd
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Invasive Cervical Cancer ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Cervical Cancer Incidence ◽  
The Impact

5605 Background: The incidence of cervical cancer in the United States has declined since the introduction of the pap smear. However, differences exist based on ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES).This study aimed to evaluate the impact of nativity, neighborhood SES and enclave (degree of ethnic isolation) on the incidence of cervical cancer in California. Methods: Using data from the California Cancer Registry, comprising three of the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program registries, information on all primary invasive cervical cancer diagnosed in California from January 1, 1990, through December 31, 2004 was obtained. We analyzed the influence of enclave, SES, and nativity on cervical cancer incidence. Results: Among the 22,189 invasive cervical cancer cases diagnosed between 1990 and 2004, 50% were non-Hispanic white (NHW), 39% Hispanic and 11% Asian women. Seventy percent (70%) of the invasive cervical cancer cases were squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 19% were adenocarcinoma and 11% other histologies. Approximately half (51%) of patients presented with localized disease, 33% regional disease, 10% distant disease and 6% unknown. By ethnic group, US born women showed lower rates of SCC compared to foreign-born women. Seventy-six percent (76%) of invasive cervical cases were observed in high enclave neighborhoods, and seventy percent (70%) were noted in low SES neighborhoods. Hispanics living in low SES and high enclave had 12.7 times (95% CI; 11.2-14.3) higher rate of cervical cancer than those living in high SES, low enclave neighborhoods. For Asian women incidence rates were 6 times (95% CI; 4.9-7.5) higher in the low SES, high enclave neighborhoods compared to those living in high SES, low enclave neighborhoods. Conclusions: More efforts should be done to reach out to and increase pap smear screening for women living in high enclave neighborhoods to help decrease the incidence of invasive cervical cancer cases in these groups of women.

scholarly journals Die identifisering van ’n geskikte vraelys vir die bepaling van lewenskwaliteit by Suid-Afrikaanse vroue met servikskanker

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
George Du Toit
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
South African ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
African Women ◽  
Chronic Illness Therapy ◽  
South African Women

Cervical cancer is one of the commonest cancers among South African women. In the absence of an adequate, preventative cervical cytology programme, the majority of women present with an advanced stage of disease. Despite treatment, the prognosis for these women is poor. Furthermore, HIV and AIDS impacts adversely on the treatment of cervical cancer, whereas cervical cancer and its treatment again affect the quality of life. Objective assessment of the quality of life can improve treatment and supportive care. The current study was done to identify the most appropriate questionnaire to assess the quality of life experienced by South African women with cervical cancer. The European Organisation for the Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) and the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Measurement System (FACIT) questionnaires are the most commonly used for assessment of the quality of life patients with cancer have. The current study assessed the appropriateness of these questionnaires for use in South Africa on the following criteria: study structure (prospective or transverse), quality of life endpoint (primary or secondary), timing of assessment during disease process and the nationalities of the study populations. The EORTC questionnaire was identified as the most appropriate for application to South African women with cervical cancer.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Screening Practices of Breast and Cervical Cancer in Rural and Urban South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 46s-46s
Author(s):  
A. LaVigne ◽  
S. Grover ◽  
S. Rayne
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
South African ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
African Women ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Breast And Cervical Cancer ◽  
South African Women

Background: The South African government has recently released cancer policies for breast and cervical cancer—the most common types and causes of cancer-related death in South African women. Increased mortality rates and advanced disease at presentation in comparison with developed countries suggests a need for greater awareness of risk factors, screening and preventative methods individualized for the population at risk. Aim: To characterize and compare the knowledge base and perceptions of women in urban and rural settings, we assessed these factors in two different cohorts in South Africa. Methods: A cross-sectional sample was taken in South Africa of women invited to participate in a survey regarding breast and cervical cancer knowledge, and awareness of risk factors, prevention and screening. Participants were approached in shopping malls and health facilities in urban Johannesburg in 2015 (“urban”) and semirural Bushbuckridge, 450 km northeast of Johannesburg (“rural”) in 2016. Results: 600 total women were surveyed, with 300 from each cohort. 83% of the urban cohort completed matriculation or higher, versus 60% of rural participants for whom high school was their highest level of education. Both groups demonstrated comparable levels of cancer awareness, and > 70% felt that cervical cancer is preventable. While the urban cohort was more knowledgeable about Pap smears (76% vs. 66%, P = 0.004), > 75% of both cohorts were willing to get one. Although both groups were largely unfamiliar with the role of HPV in cervical cancer, rural women were more aware of HIV (38% vs. 59%, P < 0.0001), smoking (43% vs. 62%, P < 0.0001) and parity (39% vs. 54%, P = 0.00019) as risk factors. Nevertheless, urban participants were more knowledgeable about breast self exams (71% vs. 59%, P = 0.001) and mammograms (62% vs. 42%, P < 0.0001), and more likely to undergo one (79% vs. 66%, P = 0.0002). Both groups identified family history and genetics as risk factors, but rural women appeared more aware of the roles of diet (30.67% vs. 39.93%, P = .011), oral contraceptives (17.33% vs. 34.77%, P < .0001), alcohol (26.67% vs. 52.15%, P < .0001) and lack of exercise (8.67% vs. 55.12%, P < .0001). Conclusion: Overall knowledge of breast and cervical cancer did not differ between both groups, despite varying levels of education and geographic setting. Women in the rural cohort demonstrated more awareness of several oncologic risk factors. Yet, the greater familiarity with and uptake of screening methods, especially for breast cancer, among women in the urban cohort may point to the benefits of proximity to health care infrastructure, such as tertiary care centers. This data supports a need for further implementation and distribution of cancer care services within cancer policies, to capitalize on increasingly sufficient levels of awareness among South African women.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitudes about HIV infection and prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV in an urban, low income community in Durban, South Africa: Perspectives of residents and health care volunteers

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firoza Haffejee ◽  
Katie A. Ports ◽  
Maghboeba Mosavel
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
South African ◽  
Low Income ◽  
African Women ◽  
Hiv Education ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
South African Women ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: HIV prevalence is high among South African women of reproductive age and transmission of HIV from mothers to children is a concern. This study ascertained the level of knowledge about HIV infection and prevention, particularly prevention of mother toc hild transmission (PMTCT) amongst South African women from a low income community. It also established the challenges in delivering HIV education from the perspectives of health care volunteers.Method: Female residents (n = 67) from Kenneth Gardens, a low income community in Durban, South Africa were interviewed. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 health care volunteers who were either health care workers or residents who provided some form of social support in the community.Results: The majority of respondents indicated that a mother could transmit HIV to her child but were unable to specify how. Many women had general HIV/AIDS knowledge but were unable to identify essential prevention behaviours and were not very receptive to more information on HIV/AIDS. They were supportive of routine testing procedures and child bearing amongst HIV positive women. Health care volunteers indicated a need for a community clinic in the area.They also had limited knowledge of PMTCT and indicated that there was a need for more education on HIV, particularly to encourage the youth and men to use preventative measures.Conclusion: Innovative ways to impart knowledge particularly of PMTCT and updated standards of practice are essential. It is important that the community understands how transmission occurs so that prevention can follow.

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