2 OP Skeletal muscle triglyceride reduction improves insulin sensitivity in morbidly obese patients after surgical-induced weight loss. Role of TNF-alpha and glut4 expression

2002 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. A134
Author(s):  
E. Capristo ◽  
G. Mingrone ◽  
G. Rosa ◽  
P. Di Rocco ◽  
M. Manco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Glut4 Expression ◽  
Muscle Triglyceride

A forty-year memoir of research on the regulation of glucose transport into muscle

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (3) ◽  
pp. E453-E467 ◽  
Author(s):  
John O. Holloszy
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Transport ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Glut4 Translocation ◽  
Glut4 Expression ◽  
Exercise Muscle ◽  
Stimulation Of

This historical review describes the research on the regulation of glucose transport in skeletal muscle conducted in my laboratory and in collaboration with a number of colleagues in other laboratories. This research includes studies of stimulation of glucose transport, GLUT4 translocation, and GLUT4 expression by exercise/muscle contractions, the role of Ca2+ in these processes, and the interactions between the effects of exercise and insulin. Among the last are the additive effects of insulin and contractions on glucose transport and GLUT4 translocation and the increases in muscle insulin sensitivity and responsiveness induced by exercise.

scholarly journals Expression of macrophage genes within skeletal muscle correlates inversely with adiposity and insulin resistance in humans

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongmei Liu ◽  
Flor Elisa Morales ◽  
Heidi. B. IglayReger ◽  
Mary K. Treutelaar ◽  
Amy E. Rothberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Tissue ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Weight Loss Intervention

Local inflammation in obese adipose tissue has been shown to contribute to insulin resistance; however, the role of macrophage infiltration within skeletal muscle is still debatable. This study aimed to evaluate the association of skeletal muscle macrophage gene expression with adiposity levels and insulin sensitivity in obese patients. Twenty-two nondiabetic obese patients and 23 healthy lean controls were included. Obese patients underwent a 3-month weight loss intervention. Macrophage gene expression in skeletal muscle (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction), body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), and insulin sensitivity (homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) and oral glucose tolerance test) were compared between groups and their associations were analyzed. To validate skeletal muscle findings, we repeated the analyses with macrophage gene expression in adipose tissue. Expression levels of macrophage genes (CD68, CD11b, CD206, CD16, CD40, and CD163) were lower in skeletal muscle tissue of obese versus lean participants. Macrophage gene expression was also found to be inversely associated with adiposity, fasting insulin, and HOMA (r = −0.4 ∼ −0.6, p < 0.05), as well as positively associated with insulin sensitivity (r = 0.4 ∼ 0.8, p < 0.05). On the other hand, adipose tissue macrophage gene expression showed higher levels in obese versus lean participants, presenting a positive association with adiposity levels. Macrophage gene expression, in both skeletal and adipose tissue samples, was only minimally affected by the weight loss intervention. In contrast with the established positive relationship between adiposity and macrophage gene expression, an unexpected inverse correlation between these 2 variables was observed in skeletal muscle tissue. Additionally, muscle macrophage gene expression was inversely correlated with insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Body weight and glucose metabolism have a different effect on circulating levels of ICAM-1, E-selectin, and endothelin-1 in humans

2004 ◽  
pp. 195-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
AE Pontiroli ◽  
P Pizzocri ◽  
D Koprivec ◽  
P Vedani ◽  
M Marchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Circulating Levels

BACKGROUND: Endothelial dysfunction and inflammation are present in both type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. In this paper we compared the role of weight loss and of glycaemic control in determining circulating levels of ICAM-1, endothelin-1 (ET-1), and E-selectin in patients with morbid (grade 3) obesity. METHODS AND RESULTS: ICAM-1, E-selectin, and ET-1 were higher in obese patients (n=96) than in lean controls (n=30); among obese patients, the three molecules were higher in T2DM patients (n=26) than in patients with normal (NGT, n=43) or impaired (IGT, n=27) glucose tolerance. Sixty-eight obese patients had a significant weight loss induced by bariatric surgery, and showed a significant decrease in blood glucose, HbA1c and all molecules, so that ICAM-1, E-selectin, and ET-1 were not different in NGT, IGT and T2DM patients, and in lean controls; in 13 patients with a small weight loss induced by diet, changes were not significant, in spite of a significant reduction in blood glucose and HbA1c. At stepwise regression, changes in ICAM-1, ET-1, and E-selectin significantly correlated only with change in body mass index. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that weight loss is more important than glycaemic control in regulating circulating levels of ICAM-1, ET-1, E-selectin in morbidly obese subjects.

scholarly journals Towards Precision Health in Weight Reduction: Thematic Content Analysis of an Open-Ended Survey on Reasons Why Morbidly Obese Patients Want to Lose Weight.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazapuspavina Md-Ya ◽  
Ilham Ameera Ismail ◽  
Khasnur Abd Malek ◽  
Khalid Yusoff ◽  
Awang Bulgiba
Keyword(s):  
Morbid Obesity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Thematic Content Analysis ◽  
Thematic Content ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Addressing individuals’ motivation to lose weight among patients with morbid obesity is an essential entity in weight reduction. Failures to shift motivation into weight loss actions are common. These could be contributed by the inadequacy to identify and subsequently address the key reasons, that are of particular concern to the patient' individual needs. We aimed to understand the motivations better and identify the reasons why morbidly obese patients attending hospital-based weight management programmes (WMP) wanted to lose weight. Methods: The study used a qualitative approach to analyze part of a quantitative questionnaire of a more extensive study to understand factors influencing weight loss among morbidly obese patients. We used thematic content analysis to analyze responses from a self-administered open-ended question "What is the main factor why you want to lose your weight?”. A total of 225 new patients attending obesity clinics in two tertiary hospitals responded to the questionnaire. Results: Patients’ mean BMI was 45.6±8.05 kg/m2. Four themes emerged for the reasons why morbidly obese patients wanted to lose weight. Health was the most commonly inferred theme (84%). Patients were concerned about the impact obesity had on their health. Overcoming obesity was seen as a reward not just for physical health, but also for their psychological wellbeing. Patients regard being functional to care for themselves, their family members, as well as their religious and career needs as the next most crucial theme (25.8%). Patients raised the theme appearance (12.9%), especially with regards to wanting to look and feel beautiful. The last theme was perceived stigmatization for being morbidly obese as they were mocked and laughed at for their appearance (3.1%).Conclusion: Patients with morbid obesity in this study had expressed their main personal motivational reasons to lose weight. Concerns about the impact of morbid obesity on health, physical, social and obligatory function, appearance and perceived stigma warrant detailed exploration by the managing health professionals. Identifying and addressing these unique personal motivations in a focused approach is vital at the beginning and throughout a weight reduction program in this unique group.

scholarly journals Osteopontin Expression in Human and Murine Obesity: Extensive Local Up-Regulation in Adipose Tissue but Minimal Systemic Alterations

Endocrinology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 149 (3) ◽  
pp. 1350-1357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian W. Kiefer ◽  
Maximilian Zeyda ◽  
Jelena Todoric ◽  
Joakim Huber ◽  
René Geyeregger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Multifunctional Protein ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Obesity is associated with a chronic low-grade inflammation characterized by macrophage infiltration of adipose tissue (AT) that may underlie the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional protein involved in various inflammatory processes, cell migration, and tissue remodeling. Because these processes occur in the AT of obese patients, we studied in detail the regulation of OPN expression in human and murine obesity. The study included 20 morbidly obese patients and 20 age- and sex-matched control subjects, as well as two models (diet-induced and genetic) of murine obesity. In high-fat diet-induced and genetically obese mice, OPN expression was drastically up-regulated in AT (40 and 80-fold, respectively) but remained largely unaltered in liver (&lt;2-fold). Moreover, OPN plasma concentrations remained unchanged in both murine models of obesity, suggesting a particular local but not systemic importance for OPN. OPN expression was strongly elevated also in the AT of obese patients compared with lean subjects in both omental and sc AT. In addition, we detected three OPN isoforms to be expressed in human AT and, strikingly, an obesity induced alteration of the OPN isoform expression pattern. Analysis of AT cellular fractions revealed that OPN is exceptionally highly expressed in AT macrophages in humans and mice. Moreover, OPN expression in AT macrophages was strongly up-regulated by obesity. In conclusion, our data point toward a specific local role of OPN in obese AT. Therefore, OPN could be a critical regulator in obesity induced AT inflammation and insulin resistance.

GLP-1 and Adiponectin: Effect of Weight Loss After Dietary Restriction and Gastric Bypass in Morbidly Obese Patients with Normal and Abnormal Glucose Metabolism

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Puzzi de Carvalho ◽  
Daniela Miguel Marin ◽  
Aglécio Luiz de Souza ◽  
José Carlos Pareja ◽  
Elintom Adami Chaim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Dietary Restriction ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Abnormal Glucose Metabolism
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