Preparation of activated carbon microspheres from phenolic resin with metal compounds by sub- and supercritical water activation

The presence of heavy metals in the soil could impose serious problems on soil-plant systems due to the accumulation of heavy metals in plants. Even vital elements such as Cu and Zn have a toxic effect in the case of excessive intake by living organisms. The present work aimed to investigate the content of loosely bound (exchangeable, complexed, and specifically sorbed) compounds of Cu and Zn and their availability to spring barley (Hordeum sativum distichum) in contaminated Haplic Chernozem soil under the conditions of a model experiment (five approximate permissible concentrations (APC) and 10 APC of metal). Changes in the bioavailability of the metals upon application of carbon sorbents were observed. An increase in loosely bound metal compounds has been shown under conditions of soil contamination with metals (up to 57% of the total content). The increase in the availability of Cu in the soil was mainly due to the formation of complexed metal forms with organic matter (up to 17%). The availability of Zn was found to be associated with an increase in exchangeable (up to 21%) and specifically sorbed compounds (up to 27%). Granular activated carbon (GAC) and biochar have high sorption properties. A decrease in the content of loosely bound compounds of metals was established, especially in the most mobile forms such as exchangeable and complexed forms. The introduction of sorbents into the soil opened up a new venue for binding heavy metals in situ, eventually leading to a decrease in their bioavailability. The inactivation of Cu and Zn in the soil upon the application of sorbents led to a decrease in metal absorption by spring barley. The highest efficiency of biochar application was established at a dose of 2.5% and 5% in soil contaminations of 5 APC and 10 APC of Cu or Zn. The efficiency of the use of sorbents was more influenced by the dose of application than by the type of sorbent. There was no significant difference between biochar and GAC. Stabilization and inactivation of metals may improve soil fertility and plant growth.

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Characterization of Silver Loaded Activated Carbon Prepared under Supercritical Water Condition

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.288.59 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 288 ◽

pp. 59-64

Author(s):

Narandalai Byamba-Ochir ◽

Battseveen Buyankhishig ◽

Nyamsuren Byambasuren ◽

Enkhtuul Surenjav

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Supercritical Water ◽

Fine Particles ◽

Batch Reactor ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Acetate Solution ◽

Reaction Rate Increase ◽

Water Condition ◽

Low Dielectric

The synthesis of silver nanoparticles loaded on the activated carbon (AC) surface were performed under SCW condition at 673 K and 31.15 MPa in a batch reactor. In supercritical region, fine particles are rapidly synthesized due to reaction rate increase at low dielectric constant of supercritical water. Samples were prepared with different concentrations of silver acetate solution and various reaction times. The synthesized silver loaded on AC particles were characterized by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). FTIR spectrum of primary activated carbon, activated carbon treated under supercritical water condition and synthesized AC-Ag was compared. The particles size and crystallite size of silver deposited on AC surface were analyzed by TEM and XRD, respectively.

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Preparation and characterization of activated carbon foam from phenolic resin

Journal of Environmental Sciences ◽

10.1016/s1001-0742(09)60053-x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

pp. S121-S123 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Xuefei ZHAO ◽

Shiquan LAI ◽

Hongzha LIU ◽

Lijuan GAO

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Phenolic Resin ◽

Carbon Foam ◽

Characterization Of Activated Carbon

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Heavy oil upgrading at oxidation of activated carbon by supercritical water-oxygen fluid

The Journal of Supercritical Fluids ◽

10.1016/j.supflu.2017.02.016 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 126 ◽

pp. 55-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Oxana N. Fedyaeva ◽

Vladimir R. Antipenko ◽

Anatoly A. Vostrikov

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Supercritical Water ◽

Heavy Oil ◽

Water Oxygen ◽

Heavy Oil Upgrading

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Mesoporous graphitic carbon microspheres with a controlled amount of amorphous carbon as an efficient Se host material for Li–Se batteries

Journal of Materials Chemistry A ◽

10.1039/c7ta11112f ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (9) ◽

pp. 4152-4160 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Young Jun Hong ◽

Kwang Chul Roh ◽

Yun Chan Kang

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Cathode Material ◽

Electrochemical Properties ◽

Amorphous Carbon ◽

Graphitic Carbon ◽

Host Material ◽

Carbon Microspheres ◽

Host Materials

Graphitic carbon–TiO microspheres with optimum structures are synthesized as host materials for amorphous elemental Se by the modification of activated carbon microspheres. Graphitic carbon–TiO/Se microspheres exhibit excellent electrochemical properties as a cathode material for Li–Se batteries.

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Waste phenolic resin derived activated carbon by microwave-assisted KOH activation and application to dye wastewater treatment

Green Processing and Synthesis ◽

10.1515/gps-2019-0008 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 408-415 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wenhai Hu ◽

Song Cheng ◽

Hongying Xia ◽

Libo Zhang ◽

Xin Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Surface Area ◽

Adsorption Isotherms ◽

Phenolic Resin ◽

Bet Surface Area ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Koh Activation ◽

Activation Process ◽

Dye Wastewater

Abstract The waste phenolic resin was utilized as the raw material to prepare activated carbon (AC) used KOH as the activating agent via microwave heating. The phenolic resin was carbonized at 500°C and then performed with a KOH/Char ratio of 4 and microwave power of 700 W for a duration of 15 min. The physic-chemical characteristics of the AC were characterized by N2 adsorption instrument, FTIR, SEM and TEM. The BET surface area and pore volume of AC were found to be 4269 m2/g and 2.396 ml/g, respectively. The activation process to generate such a phenomenally high surface area of the AC has little reported in open literatures and could pave way for preparation adsorbents that are far superior to the currently marketed adsorbents. The methylene blue (MB) was used as the model to assess its suitability to dye wastewater treatment. Towards this, the MB adsorption isotherms were conducted at three different temperatures and tested with different adsorption isotherm models. The adsorption isotherms could be modeled using Langmuir isotherm. While the kinetics could be used the pseudo-second order kinetics to describe. Thermodynamic results demonstrated that the adsorption process was a spontaneous, as well as an endothermic.

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Antibacterial activated carbon fiber derived from methyl methacrylate-grafted phenolic resin fiber

Carbon ◽

10.1016/0008-6223(94)90015-9 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 107-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

A. Oya ◽

M. Kimura ◽

T. Sugo ◽

A. Katakai ◽

Y. Abe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Carbon Fiber ◽

Methyl Methacrylate ◽

Phenolic Resin ◽

Activated Carbon Fiber

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Template Synthesis of Activated Carbon for Supercapacitor

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.663-665.568 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 663-665 ◽

pp. 568-571

Author(s):

Ren Qing Wang ◽

Qin Fang ◽

Mei Gen Deng

Keyword(s):

Cyclic Voltammetry ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Phenolic Resin ◽

Tween 80 ◽

Galvanostatic Charge ◽

N2 Adsorption ◽

Power Property ◽

Capacitance Characteristics ◽

A Current ◽

Charge Discharge

Activated carbon was fabricated by using phenolic resin as carbon source, tween-80 as organic template, KOH as activator. The samples were analyzed by N2 adsorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge were used to characterize the electrochemical performance of the samples. The results showed that specific surface area of the prepared sample was 1935.99 m2/g, pore size was mainly in the range of 1.0～4.0 nm and showed typical capacitance characteristics in cyclic voltammetry. At a current density of 15mA/cm2, a specific capacitance of 246.18F/g was achieved and the resistance was 1.11Ω. Supercapacitors based on the sample had low ESR and excellent power property.

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