scholarly journals Physiological response and phenolic metabolism in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) mediated by silicon under Ralstonia solanacearum infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 2160-2171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue-ying FAN ◽  
Wei-peng LIN ◽  
Rui LIU ◽  
Ni-hao JIANG ◽  
Kun-zheng CAI
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Phenolic Metabolism

scholarly journals Metabolomic Evaluation of Ralstonia solanacearum Cold Shock Protein Peptide (csp22)-Induced Responses in Solanum lycopersicum

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan R. Zeiss ◽  
Paul A. Steenkamp ◽  
Lizelle A. Piater ◽  
Ian A. Dubery
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Cold Shock ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Pathway ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Cold Shock Protein ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Molecular Patterns

Ralstonia solanacearum, the causal agent of bacterial wilt, is one of the most destructive bacterial plant pathogens. This is linked to its evolutionary adaptation to evade host surveillance during the infection process since many of the pathogen’s associated molecular patterns escape recognition. However, a 22-amino acid sequence of R. solanacearum-derived cold shock protein (csp22) was discovered to elicit an immune response in the Solanaceae. Using untargeted metabolomics, the effects of csp22-elicitation on the metabolome of Solanum lycopersicum leaves were investigated. Additionally, the study set out to discover trends that may suggest that csp22 inoculation bestows enhanced resistance on tomato against bacterial wilt. Results revealed the redirection of metabolism toward the phenylpropanoid pathway and sub-branches thereof. Compared to the host response with live bacteria, csp22 induced a subset of the discriminant metabolites, but also metabolites not induced in response to R. solanacearum. Here, a spectrum of hydroxycinnamic acids (especially ferulic acid), their conjugates and derivatives predominated as signatory biomarkers. From a metabolomics perspective, the results support claims that csp22 pre-treatment of tomato plants elicits increased resistance to R. solanacearum infection and contribute to knowledge on plant immune systems operation at an integrative level. The functional significance of these specialized compounds may thus support a heightened state of defense that can be applied to ward off attacking pathogens or toward priming of defense against future infections.

Distribution and incidence of tomato bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum in the central region of Togo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bitang Bamazi ◽  
Agnassim Banito ◽  
K. D. Ayisah ◽  
Rachidatou Sikirou ◽  
Mathews Paret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Laboratory Investigation ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Tomato Bacterial Wilt

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important vegetables in Togo. Unfortunately, tomatoes are susceptible to many diseases, among which bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum causes major yield losses. In this study, incidence of bacterial wilt and its distribution was evaluated in the central region of Togo, the major tomato producing area in the country. Overall, 16 localities were surveyed in four prefectures. In each locality, three fields were visited, and the incidence of the disease was recorded, and diseased samples were collected for laboratory investigation. The results showed that bacterial wilt occurred in all the fields visited, indicating a field incidence of 100%, whereas the plant incidence ranged from 10.00±00% to 43.33±3.33%, with an average of 20.94±1.77%. The antibody based Immunostrip test was positive for R. solanacearum in 100% of the visited fields. From 144 samples collected from fields, 45 R. solanacearum isolates were isolated on Modified SMSA media. This survey results show that tomato bacterial wilt is a real threat to tomato production in the central region of Togo.

scholarly journals Physiological Response of Mature Green Tomatoes to Treatment with Ethylene at High Temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 773-780
Author(s):  
Francisco E. Loayza ◽  
Michael T. Masarirambi ◽  
Jeffrey K. Brecht ◽  
Steven A. Sargent ◽  
Charles A. Sims
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Color Development ◽  
Tomato Quality ◽  
Accelerated Ripening ◽  
Lower Temperature

This study investigated the effect of ethylene treatment at high temperatures of 30 to 40 °C for up to 72 hours on subsequent ripening-associated processes in mature green ‘Sunny’ and ‘Agriset 761’ tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum). Compared with ethylene-treated fruit at 20 °C, ethylene exposure at 30 or 35 °C stimulated ripening in terms of ethylene biosynthesis and color development, but the ethylene effect was only apparent after transfer to air at 20 °C. There were no negative effects on ripe tomato quality related to ethylene exposure at 30 or 35 °C. However, ethylene production of tomatoes was permanently impaired by ethylene exposure at 40 °C for 48 or 72 hours even after transferring fruit to air at 20 °C; these fruit exhibited slow softening and color development. Our results suggest that tomatoes perceive ethylene at 30 to 35 °C despite impairment of ripening at those temperatures, with the accelerated ripening response becoming apparent only after transferring the tomatoes to air at lower temperature.

scholarly journals Comparative Metabolic Phenotyping of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) for the Identification of Metabolic Signatures in Cultivars Differing in Resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan Zeiss ◽  
Msizi Mhlongo ◽  
Fidele Tugizimana ◽  
Paul Steenkamp ◽  
Ian Dubery
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Metabolic Phenotypes ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Intermediate Resistance ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Resistance To Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Metabolic Signatures

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is an important dietary source which contains numerous bioactive phytochemicals. Active breeding programs constantly produce new cultivars possessing superior and desirable traits. However, the underlying molecular signatures that functionally describe these traits are yet to be elucidated. Thus, in this study we used an untargeted metabolomic approach to describe differential metabolic profiles of four cultivars described as having high to intermediate resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum. Metabolites were methanol-extracted from leaves, stems and root tissues and analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled with high definition mass spectrometry. Multivariate data analysis revealed cultivar-related differential metabolic phenotypes. A total of 41 metabolites were statistically selected and annotated, consisting of amino acids, organic acids, lipids, derivatives of cinnamic acid and benzoic acids, flavonoids and steroidal glycoalkaloids which were especially prominent in the two highly resistant cultivars. Interestingly, the less resistant cultivars had various fatty acid derivatives in root extracts that contributed to the differentiated metabolic signatures. Moreover, the metabolic phenotype of the STAR9008 (8SC) cultivar with intermediate resistance, was characterized by derivatives of cinnamic acids and flavonoids but at lower levels compared to the resistant cultivars. The 8SC cultivar also exhibited a lack of hydroxybenzoic acid biomarkers, which may be attributed to its lower resistance. These metabolic phenotypes provide insights into the differential metabolic signatures underlying the metabolism of these four cultivars, defining their respective phenotypic traits such as their resistance, tolerance or susceptibility to Ralstonia solanacearum.

Ultrafine bubble water mitigates plant growth in damaged soil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mineyuki Yokoyama ◽  
Takatoshi Yamashita ◽  
Rumi Kaida ◽  
Shigemi Seo ◽  
Kazuhiro Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rock Wool

Abstract Water containing ultrafine/nano bubbles (UFBs) promoted the growth of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) in soil damaged by cultivation of tomato in the previous year or bacterial wilt-like disease, and also promoted the growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) when lettuce was grown in the soil damaged by repeated cultivation of lettuce. On the other hand, UFB supply did not affect plant growth in rock wool or healthy soil. Furthermore, the growth of lettuce was not affected by UFB water treatment in the soil damaged by the cultivation of tomato. UFB water partly suppressed the growth of the pathogen of bacteria wilt disease, Ralstonia solanacearum in vitro. These data suggest that UFB water is effective to recover the plant growth from soil damage.

scholarly journals Ralstonia solanacearum Species Complex: A Quick Diagnostic Guide

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond O. García ◽  
Jim P. Kerns ◽  
Lindsey Thiessen
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Bacterium ◽  
Centers Of Origin

Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith 1896) Yabuuchi et al. 1996 is ranked second among the top 10 most economically important plant pathogenic bacteria. The soil-borne bacterium affects over 200 plant species worldwide, including economically and nutritionally important crops, such as potato (Solanum tuberosum), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), and bananas (Musa spp.). R. solanacearum is a species complex, meaning that the species is composed of strains with differential characteristics, including different metabolic requirements, centers of origin, host range, and ideal environmental conditions for infection. Its nature and the fact that it is a species complex can make R. solanacearum a difficult bacterium to work with, especially when lacking experience. Inappropriate isolation or storage of the pathogen can lead to inaccurate diagnostics or misleading conclusions. Thus, the objectives of this diagnostic guide are to provide adequate methods for isolation, storage, and identification and to discuss other relevant aspects related to this important plant pathogenic bacterium.

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