Understanding childbirth preferences of women in Benin City, Nigeria: a qualitative study

Abstract Background Lay diagnosis is a widely used diagnostic approach for home management of common illnesses in Nigeria. This study aimed to explore the perspectives of caregivers and healthcare professionals on lay diagnosis of childhood malaria and pneumonia. Aligned to this, the study sought to explore the feasibility of training caregivers in the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) guidelines for improved recognition and treatment of these diseases. Methods A qualitative study using individual face-to-face semi-structured interviews was conducted in Benin City, Nigeria. Participants included 13 caregivers with children under 5 years and 17 healthcare professionals (HPs). An inductive approach to thematic analysis was used to generate themes and analyses. Results Caregivers relied on lay diagnosis but recognised its limitations. The perceived severity of malaria and pneumonia significantly influenced caregivers’ preference for reliance on lay diagnosis practices, health-seeking behaviour and willingness to undertake training in IMCI guidelines for home management of diseases. Safety and potential unintended misuse of medications were recognised by caregivers and HPs as the main challenges. Conclusions The high level of acceptance among caregivers to receive IMCI training could help improve effective management of childhood malaria and pneumonia at the community level through early recognition and prompt treatment.

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Factors promoting sustainability of NURHI programme activities in Ilorin and Kaduna, Nigeria: findings from a qualitative study among health facility staff

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034482 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. e034482

Author(s):

Adesola Oluwafunmilola Olumide ◽

Courtney McGuire ◽

Lisa Calhoun ◽

Ilene Speizer ◽

Tolulope Babawarun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Service Providers ◽

Second Phase ◽

Benin City ◽

Indigenous Institutions ◽

Depth Interviews ◽

Urban Sites ◽

And Child Health ◽

Health Facility Staff ◽

Facility Staff

ObjectivesThe Nigerian Urban Reproductive Health Initiative (NURHI) was implemented in six urban sites in Nigeria from 2009 to early 2015. Under a second phase (NURHI-2), activities ceased operations in four of the original six sites in 2015 (Ilorin, Abuja, Benin City and Zaria), and continued in two sites (Kaduna and Ibadan). This paper examines the sustainability of facility-based intervention activities implemented under NURHI-1 in Ilorin and Kaduna.MethodsA qualitative study that used in-depth interviews was conducted with 31 service providers purposively selected from 10 of the NURHI-1 intervention facilities in Ilorin and six in Kaduna. Interviews were digitally recorded and transcripts uploaded into ATLAS.ti for analysis. Structured observations to document renovations implemented during the NURHI-1 interventions were also conducted in the health facilities.ResultsFamily planning (FP) awareness creation within the facilities and integration of FP into existing maternal and child health and HIV services, were sustained in both cities. The majority of the equipment supplied as part of the NURHI 72-hour clinic makeover were still functional in both cities. Respondents in both cities reported that FP awareness and demand were sustained. On the whole, challenges with sustaining activities were reported more among respondents in Ilorin than Kaduna. In Ilorin, NURHI outreach activities and trainings, had discontinued while in Kaduna, they were no longer being implemented to the same degree as occurred during NURHI-1. Inadequate funds was a major reason for discontinued activities in both cities while integration of FP into existing services enhanced sustainability.ConclusionsMany activities were not sustained in Ilorin compared with Kaduna although FP awareness and demand remained high in both cities. Integration of FP into existing services promoted sustainability in Ilorin and Kaduna. A gradual closeout of donor projects with concomitant input from government and indigenous institutions could be useful in sustaining donor activities.

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Qualitative study on “hydropic degeneration” of The hepatocytes in viral hepatitis

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010016039x ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 568-569

Author(s):

Le Meizhao ◽

Ye Ming ◽

Song Xiaoming ◽

Xu Jiazhang

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Chronic Active Hepatitis ◽

Microscopic Observation ◽

Hydropic Degeneration ◽

Light Microscopic Observation ◽

Biopsy Specimens ◽

Endoplasm Reticulum ◽

Mixed Fluid ◽

Peripheral Cytoplasm

“Hydropic degeneration” of the hepatocytes are often found in biopsy of the liver of some kinds of viral hepatitis. Light microscopic observation, compareted with the normal hepatocytes, they are enlarged, sometimes to a marked degree when the term “balloning” degeneration is used. Their cytoplasm rarefied, and show some clearness in the peripheral cytoplasm, so, it causes a hydropic appearance, the cytoplasm around the nuclei is granulated. Up to the present, many studies belive that main ultrastructural chenges of hydropic degeneration of the hepatocytes are results of the RER cristae dilatation with degranulation and disappearance of glycogen granules.The specimens of this study are fixed with the mixed fluid of the osmium acidpotassium of ferricyanide, Epon-812 embed. We have observed 21 cases of biopsy specimens with chronic severe hepatitis and severe chronic active hepatitis, and found that the clear fields in the cytoplasm actually are a accumulating place of massive glycogen. The granules around the nuclei are converging mitochondria, endoplasm reticulum and other organelles.

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A qualitative study of the PBL Dental Clinic at the University of Southern California

Journal of Dental Education ◽

10.1002/j.0022-0337.1998.62.9.tb03229.x ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 62 (9) ◽

pp. 660-665

Author(s):

HA Wang

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Southern California ◽

University Of Southern California ◽

Dental Clinic ◽

The University

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American Speech-Language Pathologists' Training and Legislative Knowledge When Working With Immigrant and Refugee Populations: A Qualitative Study

Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups ◽

10.1044/2019_pers-sig17-2019-0028 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (5) ◽

pp. 1148-1161

Author(s):

Camilo Maldonado ◽

Alejandro Ashe ◽

Kerri Bubar ◽

Jessica Chapman

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Service Provision ◽

Limited English Proficiency ◽

Linguistic Diversity ◽

Speech Language Pathologists ◽

Federal Mandates ◽

Refugee Families ◽

Provision Of Services ◽

English Speaking ◽

Immigrant And Refugee

Background American educational legislation suggests culturally competent speech and language services should be provided in a child's native language, but the number of multilingual speech-language pathologists (SLPs) is negligible. Consequently, many monolingual English-speaking practitioners are being tasked with providing services to these populations. This requires that SLPs are educated about cultural and linguistic diversity as well as the legislation that concerns service provision to non-English or limited English proficiency speakers. Purpose This qualitative study explored the experiences of monolingual, American, English-speaking SLPs and clinical fellows who have worked with immigrant and refugee families within a preschool context. It investigated what training SLPs received to serve this population and what knowledge these SLPs possessed with regard to federal legislation governing the provision of services to culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) communities. Method Ten American clinicians with experience treating CLD children of refugee and immigrant families in the context of preschool service provision participated in the study. Semistructured interviews were utilized to better understand the type of training clinicians received prior to and during their service delivery for CLD populations. Additionally, questions were asked to explore the degree to which practitioners understood federal mandates for ethical and effective service provision. The data collected from these interviews were coded and analyzed using the principles of grounded theory. Findings The results of this study revealed that there was a general sense of unpreparedness when working with CLD clients. This lack of training also attributed to a deficiency of knowledge surrounding legislation governing service provision to CLD populations.

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Student Anticipations and Reactions to Hybrid Format Education

Perspectives on Issues in Higher Education ◽

10.1044/ihe11.2.76 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 76-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sarah M. Ginsberg

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Learning Styles ◽

Student Perceptions ◽

Course Design ◽

Learning Experience ◽

Learning Experiences ◽

Traditional Classroom ◽

Traditional Learning ◽

Online Platform ◽

Hybrid Format

Abstract This qualitative study examined student perceptions regarding a hybrid classroom format in which part of their learning took place in a traditional classroom and part of their learning occurred in an online platform. Pre-course and post-course anonymous essays suggest that students may be open to learning in this context; however, they have specific concerns as well. Students raised issues regarding faculty communication patterns, learning styles, and the value of clear connections between online and traditional learning experiences. Student concerns and feedback need to be addressed through the course design and by the instructor in order for them to have a positive learning experience in a hybrid format course.

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Bilingual and Monolingual Students' Perceptions of the CSD Major: A Qualitative Study

Perspectives on Issues in Higher Education ◽

10.1044/ihe18.1.16 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 16-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Flora Keshishian ◽

Rebecca Wiseheart

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Critical Role ◽

School Setting ◽

The United States ◽

Bilingual Students ◽

Speech Language Pathology ◽

Diverse Environment ◽

Language Pathology ◽

Areas Of Interest

There is a growing demand for bilingual services in speech-language pathology and audiology. To meet this growing demand, and given their critical role in the recruitment of more bilingual professionals, higher education institutions need to know more about bilingual students' impression of Communication Sciences and Disorders (CSD) as a major. The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate bilingual and monolingual undergraduate students' perceptions of the CSD major. One hundred and twenty-two students from a large university located in a highly multicultural metropolitan area responded to four open-ended questions aimed at discovering students' major areas of interest (and disinterest) as well as their motivations for pursuing a degree in CSD. Consistent with similar reports conducted outside the United States, students from this culturally diverse environment indicated choosing the major for altruistic reasons. A large percentage of participants were motivated by a desire to work with children, but not in a school setting. Although 42% of the participants were bilingual, few indicated an interest in taking an additional course in bilingual studies. Implications of these findings as well as practical suggestions for the recruitment of bilingual students are discussed.

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