Affordability and the Social Divide

2021 ◽  
pp. 136-174
Keyword(s):  
The Social ◽  
Social Divide

scholarly journals Ageing, corporeality and social divisions in later life

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 1681-1702 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRIS GILLEARD ◽  
PAUL HIGGS
Keyword(s):  
Later Life ◽  
Demographic Ageing ◽  
Social Division ◽  
Third Age ◽  
The Third ◽  
Social Divisions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Post War ◽  
Social Divide ◽  
The 19Th Century

ABSTRACTThis paper concerns the social divisions of later life. Although research in this field has focused on class, gender and, more recently, sexuality as sources of division in later life, the division between the fit and the frail has tended to be ignored or viewed as an outcome of these other divisions. This paper challenges this assumption, arguing that corporeality constitutes a major social division in later life. This in many ways prefigures a return to the 19th-century categorisation of those ‘impotent through age’, whose position was among the most abject in society. Their ‘impotence’ was framed by an inability to engage in paid labour. Improved living standards during and after working life saw age's impotence fade in significance and in the immediate post-war era, social concern turned towards the relative poverty of pensioners. Subsequent demographic ageing and the expanding cultures of the third age have undermined the homogeneity of retirement. Frailty has become a major source of social division, separating those who are merely older from those who are too old. This division excludes the ‘unsuccessfully’ aged from utilising the widening range of material and social goods that characterise the third age. It is this social divide rather than those of past occupation or income that is becoming a more salient line of fracture in later life.

scholarly journals The economic tendencies, capital and inequalities

Bastina ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 239-262
Author(s):  
Slobodan Bracanović
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
National Income ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Basic Law ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Motor Activities ◽  
Property Income ◽  
Social Divide

Inequalities in: capital, property, income; the regulations are contemporary and global society. The rate income on capital surpasses rate the economic growth. Implement is enormous concentration of capital. Large is number a rich mans and extreme wealthy. On other side enormous majority is smaller the well-off and poor. Increase and the layer global plutocrats. Project is decelerate dynamics growth. The future is foggy uncertainty, as and full risky. Target of the work is perceive growth sociable a inequalities as the urgent contemporary the problem. Apply is various the methodology (historical, deductive-inductive, structural, comparative, statistical and other analysis). The problem it is concentration of capital and possibility reduce the social divide. Similarly swear, the problem is it and long-term the decelerate dynamics of the economic growth. Conclude is that beneficial influence powers of the convergence and (or) of the divergence, as and mixed of the efficiencies whose a resultant to be able in the direction reduce a global inequalities. Development individually a regions to be able and to dynamism of the economic growth. Philosophical and economic, rate the return of capital surpass the rate economic growth (p>g). This the trend anticipate is and in 21. century. "the first basic law of capitalism": a participation income of capital in national income (a) increase is rate the return (r) on capital and relation capital and income (b) that is a = r x b. "Other basic law of capitalism": relation capital and income (b) quotient is rate of saving (s) and rate growth of national income (g) that is b = s/g. "Law cumulative growth": rather small annual rate the return in long a deadline cause powerful growth, initial, of capital. "Law behavior": money and profit are motor activities! Richest the layer make one percentage of people (1%) on highest top of pyramid! Plutocracy create of the world politics.

The Welfare State in Europe

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Pestieau ◽  
Mathieu Lefebvre
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
The Social ◽  
Equity And Efficiency ◽  
Responsibility Of Government ◽  
Social Divide ◽  
Roll Back ◽  
The Welfare State

Although in Europe there continues to be a large degree of consensus that it is the responsibility of government to ensure that nobody who is poor, sick, disabled, unemployed or old is left deprived, there are mounting calls to roll back spending on the welfare state. Two main charges are raised: that it fails to achieve some of its main objectives, and that it is responsible for a decline in economic performance. Another charge is that it was conceived in a period very different from the present one and is not anymore adapted to the current realities. In this book, we intend to provide a balanced and informed analysis of these charges as well as some thoughts regarding the prospects of the welfare state in an increasingly integrated world. Written by two economists whose concern is both equity and efficiency, this book gives a set of answers to a number of important questions regarding the current social situation of European countries, the performance of the welfare states and the reforms that should be undertaken. It shows that the overall performance of the European welfare states as regarding its main objectives is satisfactory. There are differences across countries, with the Nordic countries leading the pack, but these differences seem to decrease. The book finally deals with an issue that is left unresolved and calls for some fundamental changes in social policies, namely the social divide that has been on the rise in Europe over the past decades and that hampers social cohesion.

Digital Divide, Social Divide, Paradigmatic Divide

2011 ◽  
pp. 33-48
Author(s):  
Daniel Pimienta
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Information Literacy ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Digital World ◽  
The Social ◽  
Systemic Process ◽  
Social Divide ◽  
Exclusive Focus

The digital divide is nothing else than the reflection of the social divide in the digital world. The use of ICT for human development does offer opportunities to reduce the social divide for individual beings or communities; yet there exists a series of obstacles to overcome. The very existence of an infrastructure for connectivity is only the first obstacle, although it often receives an exclusive focus, due to the lack of an holistic approach which gives an essential part to digital and information literacy. Telecommunications, hardware and software are predictable prerequisites; however, the true pillars of human-focused information societies are education, ethics, and participation, interacting together as a systemic process. As long as decision makers are not ready to consider these evidences, and keep on favoring a mere technological vision, we will suffer from the most dangerous divide in terms of impact: the paradigmatic divide. Any resemblance to characters, projects, or policies in real life is quite intentional.

Economic and Monetary Union and the Social Divide in France

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard H. Moss
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Union ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Economic And Monetary Union ◽  
World War ◽  
The Social ◽  
Oil Shock ◽  
Social Divide ◽  
Second World

Monetary policy since the Second World War has always been a politically and socially sensitive issue in France. It reflected the peculiar strength of the French Communist Party (PCF) in the unions and working class. Postwar governments relied upon monetary inflation, devaluation and administered credit to sustain growth and guarantee social peace. With the exception of the period following General de Gaulle's seizure of power in 1958, there was little choice for governments faced with weak, divided and conflicting unions, a volatile work force, and a united left threatening radical change. Where German governments responded to union challenges and the oil shock of 1974 with deflation, the French expanded the money supply. The divergence of French policy from German after 1968 made European economic and monetary union impossible.

scholarly journals What Influences the Historical Memory of Modern Students?

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 144-152
Author(s):  
N. D. Sorokina
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
The Social ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Informational Conflict ◽  
Patriotism Education ◽  
Social Divide

Historical memory is an object of informational conflict. This is why it is so important to study this phenomenon. Using the example of a survey of students in relation to important historical events in our country, including the Great Patriotic War, it is shown that while there is no radical transformation of the role of the past in the formation of personality, in the minds of most young people, historical memory is still a good form of patriotism education. The most effective mechanisms for preserving the memory of historical events are social institutions of education and family. At the same time, there is a “fading” of such a traditional and effective mechanism for preserving the memory of the Great Patriotic War as personal meetings with war veterans, personal communication with relatives who passed the war. It can be replaced by a mechanism for preserving memory, such as memoir literature of war participants, which is not yet popular among students. However, there is a problem: personal historical memory sometimes goes against the official interpretation of historical events. It can also serve as a mirror image of the social divide in society. In addition to traditional social institutions, civil society institutions can play an important role in shaping shared historical memory. If the latter are supported by the state, it is possible to avoid a conflict between cultural memory, which is closely related to traditions, and communicative memory. If these channels operate separately, or if, say, ideology tries to suppress other channels, historical memory is devalued and distorted. If all these channels work synchronously, they provide a huge effect. Different types of memory perform an important function – education of a citizen who would be responsible to past generations and to descendants.

scholarly journals The social status of /h/ in English

2007 ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Ignacio Murillo López
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Language Variation ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Social Divide ◽  
Linguistic Phenomenon

Languages are used as a vehicle of communication in the societies where each of them is spoken. Within those societies there are normally different groups, and each of those groups usually has a particular, or particular ways of communicating and using the language shared by all of them. Differences like this may be of several types: regional uses, a specific lexis depending on each one’s occupation, formal or colloquial uses, social class variation, etc. In this article the issue of social class language variation is explored. Particularly, our focus here is that of the status of the /h/-phoneme in English. Its pronunciation as a voiceless glottal fricative consonant or its absence is a symbol of the social divide in some places where English is spoken. In those places, the absence of the /h/-phoneme is considered erroneous, and the speech of those who do not use it, is not considered correct or appropriate. Here we analyse the origin of that linguistic phenomenon, as well as the reasons for the establishment of the absence of the /h/-phoneme as a symbol of the social divide in some English-speaking territories.

scholarly journals Digital participation & the digital divide

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly Maguire
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Digital Inequality ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Divide

The digital divide is a concept encompassing three distinct aspects of digital inequality; the social divide, the global divide and the democratic divide (Norris, 2001, p.4). The digital issues will be affecting the students in Australia most is the democratic divide.

Rural immersion program in India: integrating management education with community

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-15
Author(s):  
Smitu Malhotra ◽  
Venugopal Pingali
Keyword(s):  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Immersion Program ◽  
Societal Issues ◽  
The Social ◽  
School Programs ◽  
Mind Set ◽  
Social Divide ◽  
Management Curriculum ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review Indian management-school programs that integrate social and environmental concerns in the curriculum. Approach The paper analyses the data provided in the form of reports submitted by students after the rural immersion program and draws inferences from the written material. Findings This paper illustrates the usefulness of the rural immersion program in sensitizing students about the social divide that exists in India; thus, it helps inculcate an inclusive mind-set. Practical implications This paper emphasizes the usefulness of creating a management curriculum that integrates societal issues in the learning process. Originality/value The paper discusses how a top Indian business school is attempting to develop socially-responsible managers.

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