scholarly journals U.S. Growers’ Willingness to Pay for Improvement in Rosaceous Fruit Traits

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengyan Yue ◽  
Shuoli Zhao ◽  
Karina Gallardo ◽  
Vicki McCracken ◽  
James Luby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Fruit Traits ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Control Product ◽  
Fruit Flavor ◽  
Rosaceous Fruit

As growers adopt and diffuse improved food crop cultivars, their investment decisions for producing new cultivars control product accessibility and directly affect the entire supply chain. In this study, we estimated growers’ willingness to invest (willingness to pay (WTP)) in cultivars with improved quality traits for five rosaceous fruit crops: apple, peach, strawberry, sweet cherry, and tart cherry. WTP values differed by crop, but fruit flavor was consistently rated one of the most important traits, with higher WTP. This information will help breeding programs focus resources to develop superior cultivars for long-term economic sustainability of the rosaceous fruit industry.

Sweet Cherry Breeding in Canada: 1915 to 1995

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 904F-905
Author(s):  
G. Tehrani ◽  
W.D. Lane
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Breeding Selections

Sweet cherry breeding started at Vineland and Summerland in 1915 and 1924 and has resulted in the naming and introduction of 11 and 18 cultivars, respectively. `Victor' and `Van' were the first cultivars named from Vineland and Summerland, respectively, in 1925 and 1944. `Van' has become a popular cultivar in North America and Europe. The main objective in these breeding programs has been to develop cultivars that produce large quantities of firm-fleshed, crack-free, flavorful, large, black cherries with a range of maturity dates to extend the season of harvest. In the 1960's, the development of self-fertile cultivars was added to the objective of the programs. Already several self-fertile cultivars and advanced breeding selections have been named and introduced from Canada. The programs have also contributed to the assignment of cultivars to different pollen-incompatibility groups and verification of pedigree of sweet cherry cultivars. The impact of these long-term breeding programs in Canada and abroad will be discussed in detail.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of U.S. Tart and Sweet Cherry Producers Trait Prioritization: Evidence from Audience Surveys

HortScience ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 931-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengyan Yue ◽  
R. Karina Gallardo ◽  
James J. Luby ◽  
Alicia L. Rihn ◽  
James R. McFerson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Firmness ◽  
Tart Cherry ◽  
Perennial Crop ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Quantitative Basis ◽  
Ordered Probit Models ◽  
Fruit Flavor ◽  
Tart Cherries

Developing new cherry cultivars requires breeders to be aware of existing and emerging needs throughout the supply chain, from producer to consumer. Because breeding programs in perennial crop plants like sweet and tart cherries require both extended time and extensive resources, understanding and targeting priority traits is critical to improve the efficiency of breeding programs. This study investigated the relative importance of fruit and tree traits to sweet and tart cherry producers using ordered probit models. Tart cherry producers considered productivity and fruit firmness to be the most important traits, whereas sweet cherry producers regarded fruit size, fruit flavor, fruit firmness, freedom from pitting, and powdery mildew resistance as important traits. The location of producers’ orchards and their demographic backgrounds influenced their perceptions of the importance of traits. Our findings provide a quantitative basis to reinforce existing priorities of breeding programs or suggest new targets.

scholarly journals Blending in: A Case Study of Transitional Ambidexterity in the Financial Sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1690
Author(s):  
Beniamino Callegari ◽  
Ranvir S. Rai
Keyword(s):  
Financial Sector ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Organizational Ambidexterity ◽  
Management Literature ◽  
Innovative Capabilities ◽  
Financial Firm ◽  
The Relationship

Organizational ambidexterity is widely recognized as necessary for the economic sustainability of firms operating in the financial sector. While the management literature has recognized several forms of ambidexterity, the relationship between them and their relative merits remain unclear. By studying a process of implementation of ambidextrous capabilities within a large Scandinavian financial firm, we explore the role of top-down reforms and bottom-up reactions in determining the development of sector-specific innovative capabilities. We find that blended ambidexterity follows naturally from the attempt to correct the tensions arising from harmonic ambidextrous blueprints. The resulting blended practice appears to be closely related to the reciprocal model of ambidexterity, which appears to be a necessity rather than a choice, for large firms attempting to develop innovative capabilities. Consequently, we suggest to re-interpret current taxonomies of ambidexterity not as alternative blueprints, but rather as stages in a long-term process of transition.

scholarly journals Long-term evaluation of rootstock effects on cropping and tree parameters of selected sweet cherry cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Jitka Blažková ◽  
František Paprštein ◽  
Lubor Zelený ◽  
Adéla Skřivanová ◽  
Pavol Suran
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Natural Tendency ◽  
Term Evaluation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars ◽  
Tree Characteristics ◽  
Gisela 5

The cropping of six sweet cherry cultivars that originated in the Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology at Holovousy, and a standard one, ‘Burlat’, were evaluated on three rootstocks in the period of 2007–2017. Trees planted in a spacing of 1.5 m × 5.0 m were trained as tall spindle axes utilising their natural tendency to develop a central leader. On the standard rootstock, P-TU-2, ‘Tim’ was the most productive with a mean total harvest of 47.6 kg per tree. ‘Sandra’ yielded the most on the PHLC rootstock with 56.2 kg per tree and ‘Helga’ yielded the most on Gisela 5 with a mean total harvest of 55.9 kg per tree. The mean impact of the rootstock on the tree vigour, measured upon the trunk cross section area, ranged from 148.4 cm2 on the standard rootstock P-TU-2 to 114.1 cm2 on the PHLC and 125.2 cm2 on Gisela 5 . On the standard rootstock P-TU-2, the most vigorous one according to this criterion was ‘Jacinta’ (178.0 cm2) whereas ‘Justyna’ (109.7 cm2) was the least vigorous. On the PHLC, the most vigorous was ‘Sandra’ (147.2 cm2) and the least was ‘Amid’ (94.0 cm2). The other tree characteristics were mainly dependant on the cultivar and minimally, or not at all, influenced by the rootstock vigour.

Seedling vigour as a preselection criterion for short juvenile period in olive breeding

2006 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 477 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. De la Rosa ◽  
A. I. Kiran ◽  
D. Barranco ◽  
L. León
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
General Context ◽  
Fruit Traits ◽  
Juvenile Period ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Early Evaluation ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Olive Breeding

The juvenile period represents a serious impediment in olive breeding programs. Seedlings with long juvenile period are of very low interest for the breeder because their evaluation considerably delays the first stages of the breeding process. For this reason, the influence of seedling vigour (measured as plant height or stem diameter) on the characteristics at the adult stage was studied to establish useful negative preselection criteria on the basis of that relationship. Olive progenies from crosses and open pollinations of 12 different parents carried out in 1998 and 1999 were evaluated in the greenhouse and, afterwards, during the first 3 years of bearing in the open field. The results obtained indicate that early evaluation and selection for juvenile period can be performed at the seedling stage in olive progenies on the basis of vigour measurements. Selection for short juvenile period was valid irrespective of parentage and, therefore, could be efficient in a general context. No relationship between juvenile period and yield or fruit traits was found so that this preselection criterion would have no adverse effects on these characters.

Long-Term Selection in Hybrid Sorghum Breeding Programs

Crop Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian K. Pfeiffer ◽  
Dennis Pietsch ◽  
Ronnie W. Schnell ◽  
William L. Rooney
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Term Selection ◽  
Sorghum Breeding

Willingness to Pay for Long-term Care Insurance System in a Municipality in Tokyo

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Kitajima
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
High Expectation ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Financial Responsibility ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
Long Term Care Insurance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Japanese Yen

This study attempted to estimate the valuation of Long-term care (LTC) insurance system among the residents in a municipality in Tokyo by applying the Willingness to Pay (WTP) approach. The mean WTP for Group one (those aged 65 and over) and Group two (those aged between 40 and 64) was estimated to be 13, 305 Japanese Yen and 8, 722 Japanese Yen, respectively. Both amounts exceed the contribution estimated by the Ministry of Health and Welfare (2, 500 Japanese Yen). The result reflects a high expectation for the system especially among those in Group one. It also suggests that those in Group one may be able to shoulder more financial responsibility for the system. Further research on WTP for LTC insurance system is deemed beneficial for its successful management.

scholarly journals Analysis of erodibility factors and declivity in the Gurgueia River sub-basin, Piauí, Brazil

Terr Plural ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Livânia Norberta Oliveira ◽  
Cláudia Maria Sabóia Aquino
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Average Slope ◽  
Very High

Soil degradation caused by erosion is one of the biggest environmental problems. The Geographic Information System (GIS) QGIS and ArcGIS were used to prepare thematic maps. The average slope resulted in smooth wavy (42.1%), flat (27.8%), and wavy to strong wavy (19.9%) over the entire length of the sub-basin. Erodibility resulted in very high (41%) mainly in sectors with a predominance of Neossolos Quartzarênicos soils, on average (7.1%) in the South and Southwest and low (51.1%) of the area corresponding to the soil of the type Dystrophic Yellow Latosol. The expansion of the agribusiness associated with inadequate soil management in areas susceptible to erosion at BHRG can compromise long-term environmental, social, and economic sustainability. It is important develop suitable agricultural techniques appropriate to the soil to optimize its use and its sustainable production capacity.

Captive management and the maintenance of genetic diversity in a vulnerable marsupial, the greater bilby

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily J. Miller ◽  
Mark D. B. Eldridge ◽  
Keith Morris ◽  
Neil Thomas ◽  
Catherine A. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Captive Populations ◽  
Genetic Impact ◽  
Captive Breeding Programs

The endemic Australian greater bilby (Macrotis lagotis) is a vulnerable and iconic species. It has declined significantly due to habitat loss, as well as competition and predation from introduced species. Conservation measures include a National Recovery Plan that incorporates several captive breeding programs. Two of these programs were established within 12 months of one another (1997/98), with the same number and sex ratio of founding individuals, but executed different breeding strategies: (1) unmanipulated mating in semi–free range natural habitat versus (2) minimising mean kinship in large enclosures, with the supplementation of new individuals into both populations. This study evaluates the long-term genetic impact of these programs and examines the congruency between the pedigree studbook estimates of diversity and molecular data. Our data demonstrate that genetic diversity was maintained in both populations, with the supplementation of new individuals contributing to the gene pool. The studbook estimates of diversity and inbreeding are not consistent with the microsatellite data and should not solely be relied upon to evaluate the genetic health of captive populations. Our analyses suggest that captive breeding programs may not require costly and intensive management to effectively maintain long-term genetic diversity in a promiscuous species.

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