The monetary cost of enforcing prohibition

2002 ◽  
pp. 165-175
Keyword(s):  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samer Al-Shami

BACKGROUND Recently, diabetes is a major issue of great concern to many health institutions worldwide. Yet, the application of m-health for diabetes yet to receive adequate attention, especially in developing countries. The Imperial College London Diabetes Centre, 2019 reported that over more than one million persons in the UAE are suffering from diabetes, placing the country at the 15th worldwide for age-adjusted relative pervasiveness. Motivated by the need to curb the increasing trend of diabetics among the people of UAE and realizing the potential of m-health, this paper examines the quality of service system on the continuous intention to use m-health among diabetes users’ in the UAE. This study is one of the few studies that contribute to the theoretical enrichment of information system (IS) success factors that examine the effective factors of quality system service on the satisfaction and continuous intention to use m-health among the diabetes patients in the UAE. Therefore, this paper extends the service quality research in the IS domain by suggesting m-health service quality model derived from the combination of the explanatory effect of objective and subjective factors, contextualized within the unique socio-economic background of the Arab region. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study to identify and examine the relationship between service system quality factors and diabetes satisfaction and continuous intention to use health. This study also aims to measure the moderating effect of monetary cost on the relationship between users' satisfaction and continuous intention to use. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted involving 292 respondents have been conducted. Through a survey analyzed by SmartPls, we find that service quality systems driven by the quality of interaction, system, and information have a positive effect on the continuous use mhealth through the mediating effect of users’ satisfaction. RESULTS Through a survey analyzed by SmartPls, we find that a service quality system driven by the quality of interaction, system, and information has a positive effect on the continuous use mhealth through the mediating effect of users’ satisfaction. We also find that monetary cost moderates the relationship between users’ satisfaction and continue to use mhealth. CONCLUSIONS This study extends the service quality research in the IS domain by suggesting m-health service quality model derived from the combination of the explanatory effect of objective and subjective factors, contextualized within the unique socio-economic background of the Arab region.


Author(s):  
Amitabh Ojha ◽  
G. P. Sahu ◽  
M. P. Gupta

Evidence exists that citizens’ demand for pay-to-use e-government services is highly price-elastic. But research on citizens’ adoption of e-government remains almost entirely pre-occupied with contexts wherein it is implicit that citizens would not face any monetary cost implications. The fact that Technology Acceptance model (TAM) and Perceived Characteristics of Innovating (PCI) do not factor in potential adopters’ monetary cost perceptions is a plausible reason for such bias in research efforts. The paper posits a model wherein the value perceived by a citizen in government-to-citizen (G2C) online channel, and traditional public service delivery channel are antecedents of his or her intention to use the online channel. The model was tested in the context of the rail ticketing service of Indian Railways (a Department of India’s federal government). Results support the hypothesized paths, and offer useful managerial guidance to encourage citizens’ adoption. The paper discusses the prospect of certain adverse consequences for public administration and citizens, which could be linked to e-government and user charges, and ways to mitigate them. Research implications are also discussed.


Author(s):  
Phaedon John Kozyris

The ordinary and uncomplicated Spam menace is made possible by technological advances which enable the sender to dispatch millions if not billions of commercial messages without significant monetary cost and without wasting time. The present review will focus on fundamentals, exploring what has already been done and suggesting avenues of improvement. The chapter promotes basic approaches of handling Spam depending on the actions and choices of the receiver. The anti-Spam campaign needs effective enforcement powers and should be able to use all available technological know-how. As the vagaries of enforcement are presented, the role of the Internet Service Providers and advertisers is envisaged.


2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 750-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer K D’Angelo ◽  
Kristin Diehl ◽  
Lisa A Cavanaugh

Abstract Prior to customizing for themselves, consumers often encounter products customized by other people within their social network. Our research suggests that when encountering a custom-made example of an identity-related product created by an identified social other, consumers infer this social other was motivated to express uniqueness. After making this inference, consumers are also motivated to express uniqueness, particularly when the example was created by a close versus distant social other. Consumers express uniqueness through their own customization choices, choosing fewer options shown in the example or choosing fewer best-selling options. Consumers sometimes even pay a monetary cost or sacrifice preferred choices in order to make their own product unique. Further, this effect dissipates when motivations other than expressing uniqueness are inferred about a social other (e.g., for functionally related products). Across eight studies that span different product contexts, involve real choices, and isolate the underlying theoretical mechanism (i.e., motivation to express uniqueness), our research documents the unique role of custom-made examples, demonstrates the importance of social distance for customization choices, and identifies a novel path explaining when and why individuals express uniqueness.


2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuejun Li ◽  
Ruimiao Ding ◽  
Xiao Liu ◽  
Xiangjun Liu ◽  
Erzhou Zhu ◽  
...  

Market-oriented reverse auction is an efficient and cost-effective method for resource allocation in cloud workflow systems since it can dynamically allocate resources depending on the supply-demand relationship of the cloud market. However, during the auction the price of cloud resource is usually fixed, and the current resource allocation mechanisms cannot adapt to the changeable market properly which results in the low efficiency of resource utilization. To address such a problem, a dynamic pricing reverse auction-based resource allocation mechanism is proposed. During the auction, resource providers can change prices according to the trading situation so that our novel mechanism can increase the chances of making a deal and improve efficiency of resource utilization. In addition, resource providers can improve their competitiveness in the market by lowering prices, and thus users can obtain cheaper resources in shorter time which would decrease monetary cost and completion time for workflow execution. Experiments with different situations and problem sizes are conducted for dynamic pricing-based allocation mechanism (DPAM) on resource utilization and the measurement of Time⁎Cost (TC). The results show that our DPAM can outperform its representative in resource utilization, monetary cost, and completion time and also obtain the optimal price reduction rates.


2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Esteban J. Azofeifa ◽  
Galina M. Novikova

Students desiring to become a valuable good in the labor market are willing to pay a considerable monetary cost to obtain knowledge about their prospective job opportunities, nowadays with a diminishing interest in the obtainment of a diploma. Considering the behavior of the labor market as a domain theory under uncertainty, it is straightforward to expect the presence of contradictions, in the form of salaries unable to be classified due to high inconsistency and variation. We provide an algorithm to verify a labor market domain theory based on a crowdsourcing academic system, in which feedback about possible contradictions is generated as a result of consultations with experts inside of the market and clustered into different contexts. We found that the verification process can be repeated iteratively as long as the students overall tuition is equal or greater than a quantity partially defined by the number of different profiles of the students.


2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Esteban J. Azofeifa ◽  
Galina M. Novikova

Students desiring to become a valuable good in the labor market are willing to pay a considerable monetary cost to obtain knowledge about their prospective job opportunities, nowadays with a diminishing interest in the obtainment of a diploma. Considering the behavior of the labor market as a domain theory under uncertainty, it is straightforward to expect the presence of contradictions, in the form of salaries unable to be classified due to high inconsistency and variation. We provide an algorithm to verify a labor market domain theory based on a crowdsourcing academic system, in which feedback about possible contradictions is generated as a result of consultations with experts inside of the market and clustered into different contexts. We found that the verification process can be repeated iteratively as long as the students’ overall tuition is equal or greater than a quantity partially defined by the number of different profiles of the students.


2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 6629-6629
Author(s):  
K. R. Hoffman

6629 Background: While oncologists are educated to deal with the medical complexities of their treatment, a new side effect, that of financial toxicity, has arisen over the past several years. One of the major challenges in private practice is explaining the monetary cost of treatment to the patient. Methods: 50 medical oncologists agreed to take a survey judging their knowledge of the financial cost of the treatments used in patients with the five most common tumors treated in the office: breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and three other commonly treated cancers: chronic myelogenous leukemia, multiple myeloma and ovarian cancer. Treatment regimens in the adjuvant and first line metastatic setting were used. Physicians were asked to calculate the cost of treatments to the patient and not the acquisition price of drugs. They were asked to calculate the cost based a patient completing their adjuvant therapy or treatment in the first-line metastatic setting, which was defined by each practicioner. If desired, this included the use of maintenance therapy. A body surface area of 1.8 M2 for men and 1.6 M2 for women was used. Results: 39 medical oncologists completed the entire survey. Of these, 11 were in solo practicie. 27/39 were in practice over 15 years, while only 4 were in practice under 5 years. In almost all cases where intravenous or oral targeted therapies were used, the physicians under-estimated the actual cost of treatment to the patient by 25–40%. When ‘conventional‘ intravenous chemotherapy was used, they were either correct or over-estimated the cost of treatment by 25 to 33%, especially when generic substitution of trade name drugs were available. More importantly, the actual dollar difference was up to $50,000 when targeted therapies were in the treatment regimen but only around $5,000 when conventional treatments were considered. Nearly all the physicians were ‘within the ballpark‘ when dealing with the cost of oral medications. Conclusions: Medical oncologists have a poor understanding of the monetary costs of the newer treatments they are prescribing. More education is needed in the economics, including monetary cost-benefit analysis, of oncology practice so that we can better serve our patients and society. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


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