The article discusses the factors that determine the content of the legal limitations of pre-implantation
genetic diagnosis in the framework of the in vitro fertilization procedure, taking into account international
experience and modern domestic regulatory legal regulation of the field of assisted reproductive technologies.
The authors substantiates the conclusion that it is necessary to legislate a list of medical indications for preimplantation genetic diagnosis, as well as the categories of hereditary or other genetic diseases diagnosed in the
framework of this procedure.
AbstractDevelopment of assisted reproductive technologies to address infertility has favored the birth of many children in the last years. The majority of children born with these treatments are healthy, but some concerns remain on the safety of these medical procedures. We have retrospectively analyzed both the fertilization method and the microarray results in all those children born between 2010 and 2019 with multiple congenital anomalies, developmental delay and/or autistic spectrum disorder (n = 486) referred for array study in our center. This analysis showed a significant excess of pathogenic copy number variants among those patients conceived after in vitro fertilization with donor oocyte with respect to those patients conceived by natural fertilization (p = 0.0001). On the other hand, no significant excess of pathogenic copy number variants was observed among patients born by autologous oocyte in vitro fertilization. Further studies are necessary to confirm these results and in order to identify the factors that may contribute to an increased risk of genomic rearrangements, as well as consider the screening for genomic alterations after oocyte donation in prenatal diagnosis.
This world literature review tries to determine the significance of the gamete donation in the field of assisted reproductive technologies as well as the availability of treatment methods using donation in in vitro fertilization programs.
Gamete donation is regulated by every country's national legislation system, and quite often the laws vary between the states. There are practically no universal standards and/or rules in this area, which, in turn, leads to an ambivalent reaction towards reproductive practices.
Assisted reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilization, have made their way to the Middle Eastern nation states. However, in the Sunni-dominant countries, third-party donation of sperm, eggs, embryos, and uteruses (as in surrogacy) is banned, leading some Sunni Muslim couples to travel to Iran and Lebanon, where Shia Muslim clergy have allowed donor technologies.
A review of the literature data is presented, which indicates the possible influence of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) on the formation of both systemic and retinal vascular pathology. Despite the fact that the overall incidence of thromboembolic complications as a result of the use of ART is low, nevertheless, in women included in the in vitro fertilization program, their risk increases by 10 times. Therefore, due to the adverse effect of these drugs on the hemostatic system of a woman, ophthalmologists should be more wary of them in order to detect vascular retinal pathology in a timely manner. Key words: assisted reproductive technologies, in vitro fertilization, hyperestrogenism, vascular retinal pathology.
This paper analyses gender and social controversies of assisted reproductive
technologies and the discrimination of childless women in Serbia. Primary
goals of this paper are critical analysis of new reproductive technologies
phenomenon, discrimination against women without children and critical
analysis of the legal framework regulating biomedical assisted reproduction
in Serbia from gender studies and feminist methodology perspectives, as well
as presentation of the research results on discrimination of childless women.
For the purpose of this research the survey and the content analysis have
been used. A survey was conducted of 50 female participants in the in vitro
fertilization program at the Department for Gynecology and Obstetrics in Novi
Sad. The results indicate that the regulations on biomedical assisted
reproduction and the criteria for inclusion in the in vitro fertilization
program are discriminatory and that women involved in the program feel
discriminated against, usually at work and in their own surroundings. The
conclusion is that it is necessary to change the regulations governing this
area, further work on the elimination of discrimination against childless
women and destigmatisation of women and couples that cannot or do not want to
have children.
Objectives. Study of predictive factors of outcome in assisted reproductive technologies. Material and methods. The retrospective study on a sample that contains information about 1,121 cycles of embryo transfer (ET) from oocytes and sperm autologous procedures. To quantify the relationship between indicators of success and influence factors, a multivariate analysis were used for factors affecting probability of pregnancy (biochemical or clinical) with in vitro fertilization in relation with 14 independent variables (factorial explanatory). Results. Variables with positive influence correlated with biochemical or clinical pregnancy were identified as: type of medication for ovarian stimulation, age of embryo at the day of transfer, number of days of stimulation, number of retrieved oocytes, female age. Conclusion. Study of risk factors and their influence on the success of assisted reproduction technologies may offer new information and could change practice in the field of in vitro fertilization (IVF). Female age, number of days of stimulation and number of retrieved oocytes are predictors for the chance of pregnancy in IVF treatments. More extensive studies are needed, especially studies that focus on the analysis of factors related to embryo quality as predictors of pregnancy in IVF.
Prevalence of pathogenic copy number variants among children conceived by donor oocyte
