Instrumental support exchanges among kin and non-kin in light of personal configurations

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Gaëlle Aeby ◽  
Jacques-Antoine Gauthier
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Adult Child ◽  
Instrumental Support ◽  
Critical Life Events ◽  
Structure Density ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Care Support

Abstract As exchanges of instrumental support between kin and non-kin remain essential to buffer the impact of critical life events, we consider the characteristics of personal configurations that may enhance or hinder them. Personal configurations vary in terms of their composition and two aspects of their structure: density and centrality. These dimensions are investigated to uncover whether they influence the type of instrumental support being exchanged (financial, material, and care) and the likelihood of their being reciprocal. Drawing on a representative sample of individuals living in Switzerland, results show that overall instrumental support is present in all personal configurations irrespective of their composition, but financial support is more prevalent in configurations based on parent–adult child relationships. Furthermore, configuration structures characterized by density of emotional support are positively associated with giving care support and with reciprocity, while those characterized by density of conflict are associated with giving less instrumental support overall.

Abstract P089: Does Social Support Attenuate the Impact of Poverty Status on Body Mass Index?

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiarri N Kershaw ◽  
Arlene L Hankinson ◽  
Mercedes R Carnethon
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
High Social Support ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
Effect Measure Modification ◽  
Emotional Social Support ◽  
The Impact

Background: Chronic stress associated with living in poverty may lead to higher levels of adiposity due to the adoption of obesity-promoting stress coping behaviors. Social support may provide an alternative means of coping with stress, but very few studies have investigated whether high levels of social support can mitigate the adverse impact of poverty on adiposity. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that social support modified the association between poverty and BMI whereby the association of poverty with BMI was weaker among adults who reported higher social support. Methods: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005–2008) participants ages 40+ (n=5,768) responded to questions about availability and adequacy of emotional social support (adequate, inadequate, and none) and about availability of financial support (yes/no). Poverty was defined as a poverty:income ratio ≤ 1.3. BMI (kg/m 2 ) was calculated from measured height and weight. Sex-stratified multivariable linear regression with interaction terms for poverty and each measure of social support were used to test for effect measure modification in the relationships between poverty and BMI. Associations of each measure of social support with BMI were modeled separately. Results: Approximately 74.7% of women and 78.3% of men reported adequate emotional support. Available financial support was reported by 80.3% of women and 73.6% of men. Among women, higher poverty was related to higher mean BMI (beta=0.96; SE=0.32). Women who reported adequate emotional support had lower BMI than those who reported inadequate support (beta= −0.83; SE=0.35). Those who reported no available emotional support also had marginally lower mean BMI than women who reported inadequate support (beta= −1.27; SE=0.65; P =0.06). Women who reported having available financial support had lower BMI than those who reported no financial support (beta= −0.97; SE=0.40). There were no significant social support*poverty interactions. The relationship between poverty and BMI was similar in magnitude across levels of emotional support. Poverty was related to higher mean BMI for women who reported available financial support (beta=1.14; SE=0.45) but there was no difference in BMI among those who reported none (beta=0.02; SE=0.54). Neither measure of support was associated with BMI among men. Conclusions: Inadequate emotional support was associated with higher mean BMI in women than those who reported adequate support and those who reported no support. Lack of financial support was also associated with higher mean BMI in women. High social support did not offset the impact of poverty on BMI among women, suggesting social support may not be a sufficient strategy for coping with the stress of poverty.

Telling

Out in Time ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 67-90
Author(s):  
Perry N. Halkitis
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Coming Out ◽  
Life Stories ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Critical Life Events ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Impact

Gay men experience the process of coming out to various groups of individuals, in myriad contexts, and throughout the course of their lives. For many gay men, telling one’s parents and families represents the most significant act of disclosure. Methods used for coming out to parents, circumstances by which the men came out, and reactions of their families in both the short and long term are explored. A variety of different approaches are evidenced in the life stories. The impact of these critical life events is considered in relation to the well-being and health of each of the men. Coming out to parents and family is challenging in every generation, but the circumstances related to coming out are influenced and shaped by both the sociopolitical contexts of the time and the crisis of each generation.

scholarly journals Intergenerational support and subjective wellbeing among oldest-old in China: the moderating role of economic status

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanghong Huang ◽  
Peipei Fu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Subjective Wellbeing ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Instrumental Support ◽  
Intergenerational Support

Abstract Backgrounds The oldest-old population is increasing sharply in China, and intergenerational support has been their primary source of caregiving. Although intergenerational support has been found to be associated with wellbeing of older people in previous study, most analysis were from the perspective of children’s characteristics and exchange patterns. This study aims to investigate the impact of different types of intergenerational support on subjective wellbeing among Chinese oldest-old and the variation across groups of different economic status, based on their five-tier of needs (physiological needs, safety needs, love/belonging needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs). Methods We included older adults aged ≥ 80 years from the 2018 Chinese longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). We assessed older people’s subjective wellbeing by their life satisfaction and psychological health. We evaluated four types of intergenerational support: parents provide financial support, receive financial, instrumental and emotional support. We applied binary logistic regression analysis to analyze the association between different intergenerational support and older people’s subjective wellbeing and the moderating effect of self-rated economic status on this relationship. Results A total of 8.794 participants were included, with a mean age of 91,46 years (standard deviation:7.60). Older adults who provide financial support (OR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.85) and receive emotional support (OR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.40, 2.83) report better subjective wellbeing. However, receiving instrumental support depressed psychological health (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.79) while improved life satisfaction (OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.55). Receiving emotional support promoted parents’ psychological health among all combinations of support, and receiving all the three types together raised their subjective wellbeing most. Conclusions Our study recognizes that higher level of subjective wellbeing for oldest-old is related to providing financial support, receiving emotional and certain instrumental support. In addition, higher economic status can moderate these associations.

scholarly journals AB0859-HPR NETWORK OF SUPPORT AND DEPRESSION IN RHEUMATIC DISEASES

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1453.1-1453
Author(s):  
L. Cano Garcia ◽  
S. Manrique Arija ◽  
F. Godoy-Navarrete ◽  
F. G. Jiménez-Núñez ◽  
R. Redondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Instrumental Support ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Personal Support ◽  
Asas Criteria ◽  
The Impact

Objectives:To describe the impact that depression has on the personal support network of patients with rheumatic diseases.Methods:Design. Cross-sectional observational study of a series of patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) selected by consecutive sampling of the Rheumatology consultations. Selection criteria: age ≥18 years with AD (ASAS criteria), RA (EULAR / ACR 2010 criteria) and SLE (ACR-EULAR criteria) capable of understanding and willing to take the questionnaires. Protocol: The reference rheumatologist offered to participate in the study to all the patients who attended the consultation between October and December 2019 and met the selection criteria. After their approval and signing the informed consent, they went to the nursing consultation to carry out a battery of questionnaires from the PROMIS platform and collect clinical data. The infirmary was in charge of explaining the questionnaires to the patients. Variables: the main endpoint variable was depression evaluated by PROMIS and the secondary endpoint variables were questionnaires that evaluate the support network in various settings: company, emotional support, instrumental support, support through information. Likewise, data on their disease, comorbidities were collected using Charlson and socio-occupational profile. Statistical analysis: Descriptive analysis, R-Pearson correlation and multivariate linear regression analysis (VD: PROMIS depression).Results:151 patients participated: 50 with RA (90% women, mean age 55.12 ± 13.64 years), 51 with AD (51% women, 52.59 ± 12.15 years) and 50 patients with SLE (96 % women, mean age 47.14 ± 11.3 years). The baseline characteristics and comorbidities of the included. The mean (SD) of PROMIS depression in all patients was 16.4 (8.3) and a total of 65 patients (43%) had depression according to the Charlson index. Patients with Charlson depression had a higher mean (SD) of PROMIS depression than those without Charlson depression (24.5 [6.2] vs 10.3 [2.5], p <0.001). An inverse correlation was observed between PROMIS depression with the rest of PROMIS questionnaires: company (r = -0.369, p = <0.001), emotional support (r = -0.533, p = <0.001), information support (r = -0.577, p = <0.001) and instrumental support (r = -0.362, p = <0.001). Likewise, it was observed that patients without depression by Charlson compared with patients with depression had higher mean values (SD) in all questionnaires of the support network compared to those without depression by Charlson: company (17, 8 (2.9) vs 14.7 (4.7), p <0.001), emotional support (37.2 (5.2) vs 29.0 (9.5), p <0.001) and instrumental support (35.7 (7.2) vs 29.4 (8.8), p <0.001).Finally, in the multivariate analysis, the variables that were independently associated with depression by PROMIS were information support (B = -0.390; p <0.001) and emotional support (B = -0.239; p = 0.027). (R2 = 0.340).Conclusion:Depression in rheumatic diseases negatively influences the support network and the perception of company of these patients. Treating depression is important for social functioning and social relationships in these patients and for any group of chronic patients.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals The Impact of Intervention (Life Skill Training) on Behavior Modification among Secondary School Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sr. Sicily T.S ◽  
Dr. Vidhya Ravindranadan
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Interpersonal Relationship ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Life Skill ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Critical Life Events ◽  
The Impact

Adolescence is the most critical phase of an individual. The highly competitive world of today and the absence of traditional norms and support have heightened the stress among adolescents resulting in multiple issues such as depression, anxiety, loneliness, rejection, diffidence, anger, confliction in interpersonal relationship, alcohol abuse and criminal behaviour. As a baseline study, Behaviour issues due to delay in milestone development was assessed and it was identified that there were no serious delays catered to the behavioral issues of adolescents. But through discussions with the primary kin and important others, it was identified that environment and the highly competitive world has heightened the behavioral and cognitive problems among adolescents. Therefore Life Skills is seen as a vaccine to protect the child from exposure to various hazards. The present study attempts to find out the impact of the life skill intervention among adolescents and assess their changes in the behaviour in their approach to critical life events. Through this study researcher tries to test the relationships between independent and dependent of life skill training (intervention) on the behavioral and cognitive changes of adolescents to critical life events using experimental research design. The data was collected from the 50 adolescent students, and data analysis was done through student’s t- Test for reaching to the findings. It was found that post- life skill training; there was substantial improvement in their level of cognitive skills such as self-awareness, creative thinking, critical thinking, decision making and problem solving. And these improvements paved the way for the students to have a better behaviour towards their critical life events. Hence, it was concluded that there is visible impact of life skill training on the behaviour as well as thinking pattern of the adolescent.

scholarly journals The Impact of Social and Interpersonal Resources on Adjustment Disorder Symptoms in Older Age

GeroPsych ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Fankhauser ◽  
Birgit Wagner ◽  
Sandy Krammer ◽  
Mirjam Aeschbach ◽  
Alessandra Pepe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Critical Event ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Critical Life Events ◽  
Core Symptoms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigates self-efficacy and motivation regulation as possible mediators of the relationship between social and interpersonal resources (i.e., social network, social support, social acknowledgment as a victim, and disclosure) and adjustment disorder (AJD) symptoms in a sample of 121 adults aged 65–97 years. AJD was conceptualized as a form of stress-response syndrome, core symptoms of which are intrusions, avoidance, and failure to adapt after having experienced a critical event. Motivational variables mediated the relationship between social acknowledgment and AJD symptoms. Contrary to expectations, motivational variables were not found to mediate the link between reluctance to disclose and AJD symptoms. This study casts new light on the psychological processes that enable older adults to adjust to critical life events and to exhibit resilience, which is important for successful aging.

scholarly journals Health and Social Care Inequalities: The Impact of COVID-19 on People Experiencing Homelessness in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5545
Author(s):  
Nilza Rogéria de Andrade Nunes ◽  
Andréa Rodriguez ◽  
Giovanna Bueno Cinacchi
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Access To Services ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Sociodemographic Profile ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Care Support

This article aims to reflect on the challenges affecting people experiencing homelessness in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, due the COVID-19 pandemic. Participatory research was carried out to identify data related to sociodemographic profile; strategies for survival; health and social care support; and access to services during the pandemic. The research methodology was co-designed with NGOs and people with lived experience of homelessness and involved conducting semi-structured questionnaires with 304 participants in 2020. The results highlighted the worsening of the situation of extreme vulnerability and poverty already experienced by this population before the pandemic. Key strategies led by Third Sector organizations to reduce the spread of the virus, to minimize the financial impact of lockdown, and to increase emotional support and information on COVID-19 were presented. The conclusions show the complexity of issues affecting these groups and the need for urgent response from public policies and Government support to guarantee their rights, dignity, and respect during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals An Empirical Investigation of Factors Affecting Perceived Quality and Well-Being of Children Using an Online Child Helpline

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willemijn van Dolen ◽  
Charles B. Weinberg
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Support ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Instrumental Support ◽  
Improve Quality ◽  
Online Chat ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Economic Distress ◽  
The Impact

Child helplines provide free, accessible, and confidential support for children suffering from issues such as violence and abuse. Helplines lack the barriers often associated with the use of many other health services; and for many children, the helpline is the first point of contact with any kind of child protection and an important venue to go to in times of socio-economic distress. For instance, more children attempt to call the helpline in times of high unemployment, and relatively more of those conversations are about violence. Empirical evidence is scarce regarding how to implement online chat communication to improve quality and the child’s well-being. In this study, we focus on the impact of chat duration, number of words, and the type of support. The results show that for children seeking emotional support, a longer chat negatively influences the immediate well-being and the counsellor needs to listen (i.e., not type), as relatively more child words result in higher evaluations. We conclude that for emotional support, the counsellor should be prepared to listen carefully, but also manage the duration. However, for children chatting for instrumental support, the counsellor needs to type more to create positive perceptions of quality. Since the impact of chat share is different for children seeking emotional support (negative) versus instrumental support (positive), counsellors need to be sensitive to early indicators of the reason for the chat.

scholarly journals Exclusion in Very Old Age : The Impact of Three Critical Life Events

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Cavalli ◽  
Jean-François Bickel ◽  
Christian J. Lalive d´Epinay
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
Individual Choice ◽  
Very Old ◽  
Critical Life Events ◽  
Very Old Age ◽  
The Impact

This paper focuses on relational exclusion (i.e. isolation and non-participation in social activities) in very old age. Based on a five-year study of an octogenarian cohort, the authors investigate the impact of three critical life events (deterioration of health, death of a close relative, entry into a nursing home) on relational life and social involvement. With advancing age, older people withdraw from some social activities, but their relationships with their family and friends remain stable. Life events have a stimulative effect on the support network (especially of family), and only the deterioration of health curbs social activity. This would seem to confirm the existence of a process of disengagement stemming more from the older people’s functional or sensory disabilities than from an individual choice.

Abusive Coworker Treatment, Coworker Support, and Employee Turnover

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Tews ◽  
John W. Michel ◽  
Kathryn Stafford
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Support ◽  
Employee Turnover ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Instrumental Support ◽  
Coworker Support ◽  
Entry Level ◽  
The Impact

Hostile treatment from others at work can have undesirable consequences. The present study aims to validate this proposition by examining whether abusive coworker treatment is a significant predictor of employee turnover among entry-level employees in the hospitality industry. With a sample of 979 restaurant servers, this research examined the impact of abusive coworker treatment along with coworker emotional and instrumental support on turnover over a 6-month period. Abusive coworker treatment was significantly related to higher turnover among newcomers but not among experienced employees. Furthermore, coworker emotional support was related to lower turnover among all employees in the sample. These findings provide a more nuanced perspective on the role of abusive coworker treatment and coworker support in combating the perennial turnover challenge in the hospitality industry.

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