scholarly journals REPLY TO GOLDMAN: CUTTING UP THE ONE TO SAVE THE FIVE IN EPISTEMOLOGY

Episteme ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selim Berker
Keyword(s):  
Alvin Goldman ◽  
Process Reliabilism ◽  
The One ◽  
Rule Out

ABSTRACTI argue that Alvin Goldman has failed to save process reliabilism from my critique in earlier work of consequentialist or teleological epistemic theories. First, Goldman misconstrues the nature of my challenge: two of the cases he discusses I never claimed to be counterexamples to process reliabilism. Second, Goldman's reply to the type of case I actually claimed to be a counterexample to process reliabilism is unsuccessful. He proposes a variety of responses, but all of them either feature an implausible restriction on process types, or fail to rule out cases with the sort of structure that generates the worry, or both.

Kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of N,N′-dimethyl-9,9′-biacridanyl by some π acceptors and a one-electron oxidant

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 445-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan K. Colter ◽  
Charles C. Lai ◽  
A. Gregg Parsons ◽  
N. Bruce Ramsey ◽  
Gunzi Saito
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Isotope Effects ◽  
Substituent Effects ◽  
Kinetic Isotope Effects ◽  
Spin Trapping ◽  
Single Electron Transfer ◽  
Kinetic Isotope ◽  
The One ◽  
Rule Out

Oxidation of N,N′-dimethyl-9,9′-biacridanyl (DD) has been investigated as a model for single electron transfer (SET)-initiated oxidation of NADH coenzyme models such as N-methylacridan (DH). Oxidants investigated cover a 1010-fold range of reactivity in acetonitrile and include the π acceptors 1,4-benzoquinone (BQ), 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone (DCIBQ), p-chloranil (CA), 2,3-dicyanobenzoquinone (DCBQ), 2,3-dicyano-1,4-naphthoquinone (DCNQ), 2,3-dicyano-5-nitro-1,4-naphthoquinone (DCNNQ), 9-dicyanomethylene-2,4,7-trinitrofluorene (DCMTNF), 9-dicyanomethylene-2,4,5,7-tetranitrofluorene (DCMTENF), 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ), and tetracyanoethylene (TCNE), and the one-electron oxidant tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)cobalt(III), [Formula: see text] The oxidation product is, in every case, N-methylacridinium ion (D+). A mechanism involving a rate-determining electron transfer with simultaneous fragmentation to D+ and N-methyl-9-acridanyl radical (D•) is proposed. This mechanism is supported by the observed dependence of the rate on oxidant reduction potential, by spin-trapping experiments, by kinetic isotope effects in oxidation of 9,9′-dideuterio-DD, and by substituent effects in oxidation of 2,2′- and 3,3′-dimethoxy-DD. The rate of oxidation of DD relative to that of DH is 3.4 × 102 with [Formula: see text] and with the π acceptors varies from ea. 0.3 (BQ) to 8.1 × 104 (DCMTENF). The results rule out a SET-initiated mechanism for oxidation of DH by all of the oxidants studied except TCNQ and DCMTENF.

scholarly journals COVID-19: A Therapeutic Approach Based on Pathophysiological Staging

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Christian Domingo Ribas
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
The Other ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Respiratory Events ◽  
Therapeutic Decisions ◽  
Disease Staging ◽  
The One ◽  
Rule Out

The COVID-19 pandemic is a recently emerging problem. This has caused that the knowledge of the disease has been progressive and, therefore, the therapeutic decisions have been conditioned by this lack of knowledge on the one hand and by the therapeutic limitations on the other. Many published studies are methodologically weak and their conclusions, of limited value, have contributed to creating confusion on the therapeutic approach of the disease. In the present paper, we propose a therapeutic approach based on a new disease staging. The therapeutic approach is divided into two big sections: the pharmacological treatment for the phase of viral replication, cytokine storm or late respiratory events (which includes the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)) and the treatment of the respiratory failure In every stage, we discuss the pathophysiology and comment (accept or rule out) the pharmacological options according to the present evidence. Moreover, we indicate how respiratory failure should be treated. Some characteristics are based on the evidence found in the literature. Others are the result of my experience in other situations.

scholarly journals Holistic and conceptual character of the mental in Donald Davidson’s work

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-142
Author(s):  
Milos Bogdanovic
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Ontological Category ◽  
Conceptual Category ◽  
Central Thesis ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Rule Out

In this paper we will try to confront Quine?s and Davidson?s holistic position through Davidson?s thesis of mental as a non-ontological category. In this regard, since Davidson came to this position through the thesis of mental as a decidedly conceptual category, we will try to show how this approach does not, nevertheless, rule out the possibility of its interpretation in ontological terms. However, in what follows we will draw attention to the fact that mental can be interpreted so that it proves to be immune to ontologization in Quine?s sense. This would be the evidence of different ways, which are not necessarily compatible, to argue for Davidson?s central thesis - the thesis about holistic character of mental - as well as, which is closely related, a certain difference that exists between Davidson?s view of mental as a conceptual category on the one hand, and a holistic category on the other hand.

Plutarch’s Lives

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Desideri
Keyword(s):  
Special Interest ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
Rule Out

This chapter discusses first the general cosmological principles which lie behind Plutarch’s historiographical work, such as can be recovered through significant passages of his Delphic Dialogues. Second, it investigates the reasons why Plutarch wrote biographies, and more specifically parallel biographies, instead of outright histories: in this way, Plutarch aimed to emphasize, on the one hand, the dominant role of individual personalities in the political world of his own time, and, on the other hand, the mutual and exclusive relevance of Greece and Rome in the history of human culture. Third, the chapter seeks to connect the rise-and-fall pattern, typical of biography, with the general rise-and-fall pattern which Plutarch recognizes both in the Greek and in the Roman civilizations; through that connection one can rule out the idea that Plutarch had any providential view of history. Finally, some reflections are offered on Nietzsche’s special interest in Plutarch’s biographies.

scholarly journals Risk Mitigation in Cooperation Through Channeling Financing between Sharia Companies and Sharia Banks

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Nur Utari Setiawati
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Normative Study ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Principles Of Justice ◽  
The One ◽  
Islamic Companies ◽  
Rule Out

Cooperation through channeling between Sharia (Islamic) company and financial institutions can be done as long as it does not conflict with the principles of sharia. The purpose of this research is to analyze the risk mitigation of financing, especially in the cooperation between Islamic companies and financial institutions regarding the channeling financing. This research is normative study by statutory approach and a conceptual approach. Channeling financing should be done by fulfilling the principles of justice, balance, beneficence and universalism and not contain any gharar, maisir, usury, wrongdoing and haram objects. The contract that frames this collaboration is wakalah bil ujrah. Sharia companies as representatives of financial institutions that distribute sharia financing to customers receives compensation (ujrah) from managing the funds. Channeling financing, does not rule out the risk of mistakes (wanprestasi), therefore, if there is a mistake the one that took the risk is financial institution while Sharia Company does not take the risk. However, it is possible for Sharia Company to take the risks if Sharia Company does not mitigate the risk that should be carried out by the Sharia Company. It is concluded that, it is possible for Sharia Company to take the risks if Sharia Company does not mitigate the risk that should be carried out by Sharia Company in channeling Sharia financing to its customers.

scholarly journals A PPMAP analysis of the filamentary structures in Ophiuchus L1688 and L1689

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A D P Howard ◽  
A P Whitworth ◽  
M J Griffin ◽  
K A Marsh ◽  
M W L Smith
Keyword(s):  
B Stars ◽  
Mapping Algorithm ◽  
Dust Temperature ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Prestellar Cores ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
The One ◽  
Additional Support ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Rule Out

Abstract We use the PPMAP (Point Process MAPping) algorithm to re-analyse the Herschel and SCUBA-2 observations of the L1688 and L1689 sub-regions of the Ophiuchus molecular cloud. PPMAP delivers maps with high resolution (here 14″, corresponding to ∼0.01 pc at ∼140 pc), by using the observations at their native resolutions. PPMAP also delivers more accurate dust optical depths, by distinguishing dust of different types and at different temperatures. The filaments and prestellar cores almost all lie in regions with $N_{\rm H_2}\gtrsim 7\times 10^{21}\, {\rm cm}^{-2}$ (corresponding to $A_{_{\rm V}}\gtrsim 7$). The dust temperature, T, tends to be correlated with the dust opacity index, β, with low T and low β tend concentrated in the interiors of filaments. The one exception to this tendency is a section of filament in L1688 that falls – in projection – between the two B stars, S1 and HD147889; here T and β are relatively high, and there is compelling evidence that feedback from these two stars has heated and compressed the filament. Filament fwhms are typically in the range 0.10 pc to 0.15 pc. Most filaments have line densities in the range $25\, {\rm M_{_\odot }\, pc^{-1}}$ to $65\, {\rm M_{_\odot }\, pc^{-1}}$. If their only support is thermal gas pressure, and the gas is at the canonical temperature of 10 K, the filaments are highly supercritical. However, there is some evidence from ammonia observations that the gas is significantly warmer than this, and we cannot rule out the possibility of additional support from turbulence and/or magnetic fields. On the basis of their spatial distribution, we argue that most of the starless cores are likely to disperse (rather than evolving to become prestellar).

scholarly journals Therapeutic challenges in Management of Subglottic Stenosis in Wegener's Granulomatosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-79
Keyword(s):  
Wegener’S Granulomatosis ◽  
Balloon Dilatation ◽  
Wegener's Granulomatosis ◽  
Subglottic Stenosis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Open Procedure ◽  
Laser Resection ◽  
The One ◽  
Rule Out

ABSTRACT Aims and objectives To report our experience on the treatment of subglottic stenosis (SS) in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). Materials and methods We endoscopically treated five patients with SS due to WG. Out of 5, two patients were treated with endoscopic balloon dilatation, two patients underwent CO2 laser resection and dilatation and 1 patient underwent a cold steel resection and dilatation. Outcomes were assessed based on improvement in preoperative symptoms, complications, and need for additional procedures. Results Balloon dilatation was done in two patients. They are asymptomatic at follow-up and the one with tracheostomy is in the process of decannulation. The other two patients were treated with CO2 laser. Favorable outcome was obtained in one of the patient who is in the process of decannulation, the other developed recurrent stenosis at 3 years and is on tracheostomy. Cold steel resection was used to treat one patient. After undergoing multiple interventions, she developed severe stenosis and underwent an open procedure and is currently on tracheostomy. Conclusion Both use of balloon and laser resection are safe and successful method to manage soft, subglottic stenosis due to WG and avoids the need of open procedure. In our series balloon dilatation gave better outcomes as compared to Laser resection and dilatation. Regular follow-up is necessary to rule out recurrence. How to cite this article Nerurkar NK, Deshmukh S. Therapeutic challenges in Management of Subglottic Stenosis in Wegener's Granulomatosis. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2014;4(2):76-79.

scholarly journals Christ, Reality, and Freedom: Trinitarian Metaphysics as a Theology of Culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-52
Author(s):  
Michael Brain
Keyword(s):  
Critical Distance ◽  
Cultural Form ◽  
Full Participation ◽  
God's People ◽  
Christian Culture ◽  
Theology Of Culture ◽  
The One ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Trinity ◽  
Rule Out

This essay explores the possibility of a narrative theology of culture by drawing on the trinitarian metaphysics of Robert W. Jenson. Postliberal or narrative theologies have often been said to hinder the intercultural translation of the gospel by promoting the cultural forms of Western Christianity as the ideal, but I argue here that Jenson’s theology (enlisting some distinctively postliberal themes) creates a critical distance between the church and Christian civilization, while also enabling the free creation and expression of diverse cultural expressions of the gospel. The first section of the paper is a critical project, using a trinitarian metaphysics to rule out any reduction of Christian culture to its Western expressions. Since the community of the Trinity is the one cultural form to which God’s people strive, and because the church’s full participation in this community is eschatological, Christian cultural expression cannot be reduced to one particular cultural form. This creates distance between the church and the world, preventing a strict identification of Christianity with Western culture. The second part of the paper then offers a constructive project, demonstrating how a trinitarian understanding of creaturely freedom enables the development of human culture. By grounding creation’s freedom in the freedom of the triune persons, a trinitarian metaphysics enables the free and loving development of creation in an infinite number of ways. In doing so, Jenson’s metaphysics does not compromise the diversity of human cultures, but instead allows human cultures to flourish in their endless variety.

On the Two Consciousnesses Model: An Assessment of James Arcadi’s Defense

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 146-150
Author(s):  
Andrew Ter Ern Loke
Keyword(s):  
Divine Nature ◽  
The One ◽  
Rule Out

In a recent review published in Journal of Analytic Theology, James Arcadi offers a defence of the Two Consciousnesses Model against Loke’s criticisms previously published in this journal. Arcadi postulates that Christ could have one centre of the two ranges of consciousness and one centre of operation. I argue that Arcadi’s postulation preserves the unity of the person but is beset by another problem, namely that on Arcadi’s view the one centre of experiences of Christ would have experienced the unlimited scope of awareness through his divine nature, which rule out the possibility that he experienced human limitations with regards to his scope of experiences.

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