scholarly journals Effect of Chlorhexidine Bathing and Other Infection Control Practices on the Benefits of Universal Glove and Gown (BUGG) Trial: A Subgroup Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 734-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Morgan ◽  
Lisa Pineles ◽  
Michelle Shardell ◽  
Carol Sulis ◽  
Daniel H. Kett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Active Surveillance ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Infect Control Hosp ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Chlorhexidine Bathing

AbstractWe report the results of a subgroup analysis of the Benefits of Universal Glove and Gown trial. In 20 intensive care units, the reduction in acquisition of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus observed in this trial was observed in units also using chlorhexidine bathing and in those that previously performed active surveillance.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2015;00(0): 1–4

scholarly journals Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia: The Australia New Zealand Cooperative on Outcomes in Staphylococcal Sepsis (ANZCOSS)

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
John Turnidge ◽  
Despina Kotsanas
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Sepsis Syndrome ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Resistant Strains

Staphylococcus aureus is such a common organism, both as a coloniser and cause of infection in humans, that it is easy to take it for granted. Microbiologists, infectious diseases specialists and infection control practitioners deal with the organism on a regular basis, from screening for methicillin-resistant strains (MRSA) in asymptomatic carriers to treating patients with life-threatening sepsis syndrome in intensive care units.

Chlorhexidine Gluconate Bathing to Reduce Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Acquisition

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Petlin ◽  
Marilyn Schallom ◽  
Donna Prentice ◽  
Carrie Sona ◽  
Paula Mantia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Rate Ratio ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gluconate ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Chlorhexidine Bathing ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a virulent organism causing substantial morbidity and mortality in intensive care units. Chlorhexidine gluconate, a topical antiseptic solution, is effective against a wide spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including MRSA. Objectives To examine the impact of a bathing protocol using chlorhexidine gluconate and bath basin management on MRSA acquisition in 5 adult intensive care units and to examine the cost differences between chlorhexidine bathing by using the bath-basin method versus using prepackaged chlorhexidine-impregnated washcloths.MethodsThe protocol used a 4-oz bottle of 4% chlorhexidine gluconate soap in a bath basin of warm water. Patients in 3 intensive care units underwent active surveillance for MRSA acquisition; patients in 2 other units were monitored for a new positive culture for MRSA at any site 48 hours after admission.ResultsBefore the protocol, 132 patients acquired MRSA in 34333 patient days (rate ratio, 3.84). Afterwards, 109 patients acquired MRSA in 41376 patient days (rate ratio, 2.63). The rate ratio difference is 1.46 (95% CI, 1.12–1.90; P = .003). The chlorhexidine soap and bath basin method cost $3.18 as compared with $5.52 for chlorhexidine-impregnated wipes (74% higher).ConclusionsThe chlorhexidine bathing protocol is easy to implement, cost-effective, and led to decreased unit-acquired MRSA rates in a variety of adult intensive care units.

Rapid Typing of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Intensive Care Units in Babylon, Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 07-15
Author(s):  
Huda H. Al-Hasnawy ◽  
Inas Ahmed Saeed ◽  
Monqith A. Al-Janabi ◽  
Ali S. Baay ◽  
Zainab Hashim Nasser
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

scholarly journals Dissemination of Two Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clones Exhibiting Negative Staphylase Reactions in Intensive Care Units

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 504-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Po-Ren Hsueh ◽  
Lee-Jene Teng ◽  
Pan-Chyr Yang ◽  
Hui-Ju Pan ◽  
Yu-Chi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Routine Identification ◽  
Arbitrarily Primed Pcr

From December 1997 to March 1998, 25 methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates exhibiting negative Staphylase (Oxoid Ltd., Basingstoke, England) reactions were identified from various clinical specimens from 13 patients in six intensive care units (ICUs) or in wards following a stay in an ICU at the National Taiwan University Hospital. The characteristics of these isolates have not been previously noted in other MRSA isolates from this hospital. Colonies of all these isolates were grown on Trypticase soy agar supplemented with 5% sheep blood and were nonhemolytic and unpigmented. Seven isolates, initially reported as Staphylococcus haemolyticus (5 isolates) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (2 isolates) by the routine identification scheme and with the Vitek GPI system (bioMerieux Vitek, Inc., Hazelwood, Mo.), were subsequently identified as S. aureus by positive tube coagulase tests, standard biochemical reactions, and characteristic cellular fatty acid chromatograms. The antibiotypes obtained by the E test, coagulase types, restriction fragment length polymorphism profiles of the staphylococcal coagulase gene, and random amplified polymorphic DNA patterns generated by arbitrarily primed PCR of the isolates disclosed that two major clones disseminated in the ICUs. Clone 1 (16 isolates) was resistant to clindamycin and was susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) and was coagulase type II. Clone 2 (eight isolates) was resistant to clindamycin and TMP-SMZ and was coagulase type IV. These two epidemic clones from ICUs are unique and underline the need for caution in identifying MRSA strains with colonial morphologies not of the typical type and with negative Staphylase reactions.

scholarly journals Determining the clinical significance of co-colonization of vancomycin-resistant enterococci and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the intestinal tracts of patients in intensive care units: a case–control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Kyung Yoon ◽  
Min Jung Lee ◽  
Yongguk Ju ◽  
Sung Eun Lee ◽  
Kyung Sook Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background The emergence of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) has become a global concern for public health. The proximity of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is considered to be one of the foremost risk factors for the development of VRSA. This study aimed to determine the incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes of intestinal co-colonization with VRE and MRSA. Methods A case–control study was conducted in 52-bed intensive care units (ICUs) of a university-affiliated hospital from September 2012 to October 2017. Active surveillance using rectal cultures for VRE were conducted at ICU admission and on a weekly basis. Weekly surveillance cultures for detection of rectal MRSA were also conducted in patients with VRE carriage. Patients with intestinal co-colonization of VRE and MRSA were compared with randomly selected control patients with VRE colonization alone (1:1). Vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for MRSA isolates were determined by the Etest. Results Of the 4679 consecutive patients, 195 cases and 924 controls were detected. The median monthly incidence and duration of intestinal co-colonization with VRE and MRSA were 2.3/1000 patient-days and 7 days, respectively. The frequency of both MRSA infections and mortality attributable to MRSA were higher in the case group than in the control group: 56.9% vs. 44.1% (P = 0.011) and 8.2% vs. 1.0% (P = 0.002), respectively. Independent risk factors for intestinal co-colonization were enteral tube feeding (odds ratio [OR], 2.09; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.32–3.32), metabolic diseases (OR, 1.75; 95% CI 1.05–2.93), male gender (OR, 1.62; 95% CI 1.06–2.50), and Charlson comorbidity index < 3 (OR, 3.61; 95% CI 1.88–6.94). All MRSA isolates from case patients were susceptible to vancomycin (MIC ≤ 2 mg/L). Conclusions Our study indicates that intestinal co-colonization of VRE and MRSA occurs commonly among patients in the ICU with MRSA endemicity, which might be associated with poor clinical outcomes.

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