Surveillance cultures following a regional outbreak of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Frida Rivera ◽  
Allison Reeme ◽  
Mary Beth Graham ◽  
Blake W. Buchan ◽  
Nathan A. Ledeboer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Body Site ◽  
Bacterial Identification ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Surveillance Cultures ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Postacute Care

Abstract Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to assess the epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) for 9 months following a regional outbreak with this organism. We also aimed to determine the differential positivity rate from different body sites and characterize the longitudinal changes of surveillance test results among CRAB patients. Design: Observational study. Setting: A 607-bed tertiary-care teaching hospital in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Patients: Any patient admitted from postacute care facilities and any patient housed in the same inpatient unit as a positive CRAB patient. Methods: Participants underwent CRAB surveillance cultures from tracheostomy secretions, skin, and stool from December 5, 2018, to September 6, 2019. Cultures were performed using a validated, qualitative culture method, and final bacterial identification was performed using mass spectrometry. Results: In total, 682 patients were tested for CRAB, of whom 16 (2.3%) were positive. Of the 16 CRAB-positive patients, 14 (87.5%) were residents from postacute care facilities and 11 (68.8%) were African American. Among positive patients, the positivity rates by body site were 38% (6 of 16) for tracheal aspirations, 56% (9 of 16) for skin, and 82% (13 of 16) for stool. Conclusions: Residents from postacute care facilities were more frequently colonized by CRAB than patients admitted from home. Stool had the highest yield for identification of CRAB.

Molecular detection of blaOXA-23gene and blaOXA-51 gene in carbapenem resistant strains of Acinetobacterbaumannii in patients with ventilator associated pneumonia at tertiary care hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 2576-2581
Author(s):  
Saima Ishtiaq ◽  
Sidrah Saleem ◽  
Abdul Waheed ◽  
Arslan Ahmed Alvi
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant

Objective: To evaluate carbapenem resistance and to detect blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-51 genes in carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumanii isolates recovered from patients having pneumonia secondry to ventilation. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2017 to June 2018 at the Department of Microbiology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan, and comprised endotracheal aspirates / tracheobroncheal lavage samples from patients irrespective of age and gender who developed pneumonia after being on the ventilator for 48 hrs at the Combined Military Hospital, and Jinnah Hospital, Lahore.  The samples were inoculated on MacConkey and blood agar and aerobically incubated at a temperature of 370C for 18-24 hours. The isolated organisms were further assessed by standard morphological, cultural and biochemical profile. Antibiotic susceptibility was done by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii were checked for carbapenemase production using Modified Hodge Test. Conventional polymerase chain reaction and agarose gel electrophoreses were performed to detect blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-51 genes. Data was analysed using SPSS 17. Results: Out of 157 samples, 92(58.6%) yielded growth of bacteria, and, among them, 39(42.4%) were identified as acinetobacter baumannii. All (100%) acinetobacter baumannii cases showed resistance to carbapenem, were producing carbapenemase enzyme, and were positive for blaOXA-51 gene. The blaOXA-23 gene was amplified in 38(97.4%) isolates. Conclusion: BlaOXA-23 gene appeared to be the major cause of carbapenem resistance. Continuous...

scholarly journals Multicity Outbreak of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates Producing the Carbapenemase OXA-40

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 2941-2945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Lolans ◽  
Thomas W. Rice ◽  
L. Silvia Munoz-Price ◽  
John P. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nucleotide Sequencing ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Extended Care ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT During 2005 we detected a multicity outbreak of infections or colonization due to high-level imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MIC, 64 μg/ml). One hundred isolates from diverse sources were obtained from seven acute-care hospitals and two extended-care facilities; 97% of the isolates belonged to one clone. Susceptibility testing of the first 42 isolates (January to April 2005) revealed broad resistance profiles. Half of the isolates were susceptible to ceftazidime, with many isolates susceptible only to colistin. The level of AmpC β-lactamase expression was stronger in isolates resistant to ceftazidime. PCR and subsequent nucleotide sequencing analysis identified bla OXA-40. The presence of an OXA-40 β-lactamase in these isolates correlated with the carbapenem resistance. By Southern blot analysis, a bla OXA-40-specific probe revealed that the gene was both plasmid and chromosomally located. This is the first time in the United States that such carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii has been attributable to a carbapenemase.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Invasive Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii from a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saranya Vijayakumar ◽  
Radha Gopi ◽  
Priya Gunasekaran ◽  
Manjurekar Bharathy ◽  
Kamini Walia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
South India ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant

scholarly journals Emergence and spread of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in a tertiary care hospital in Turkey

2008 ◽  
Vol 282 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meliha Meric ◽  
Murat Kasap ◽  
Gulcin Gacar ◽  
Fatma Budak ◽  
Devrim Dundar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant

scholarly journals Molecular mechanisms of antibiotic co-resistance among carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 899-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsin Khurshid ◽  
Muhammad Hidayat Rasool ◽  
Muhammad Hussnain Siddique ◽  
Farrukh Azeem ◽  
Muhammad Naeem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals

Introduction: The spread of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) is difficult to control especially in the hospitals due to the successful mobilization and evolution of the genetic elements harboring the resistant determinants. The study was conducted to examine the distribution of aminoglycosides, tetracycline, and sulfonamide-resistant determinants among CRAB isolates that carry the blaOXA-23 gene. Methodology: For a total of 160 CRAB strains isolated at tertiary care hospitals of Pakistan that mainly carried blaOXA-23 gene were included in the study to evaluate the assortment of antibiotic resistance genes. Results: The susceptibility rates of CRAB for other than beta-lactam drugs were 2.5% for both ciprofloxacin and aminoglycosides and 18% and 25% for sulfonamides and tetracyclines, respectively. Polymyxin B (MIC90, 1 g/mL) Colistin (MIC90, 1 g/mL) and Tigecycline (MIC90, 2 g/mL) were most active against these extensively drug-resistant CRAB isolates. The isolates were found to possess various genes mainly the tetB and sul2 for tetracycline and sulfonamide but the genes conferring resistance to aminoglycosides were varied with various combinations. Conclusion: Despite the CRAB clones containing blaOXA-23 have been previously reported in Pakistani hospitals, the screening of genetic determinants responsible for other antimicrobial agents is crucial for developing an effective surveillance and mitigation system for infection management.

scholarly journals Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in Three Tertiary Care Hospitals in Mexico: Virulence Profiles, Innate Immune Response and Clonal Dissemination

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Dolores Alcántar-Curiel ◽  
Roberto Rosales-Reyes ◽  
Ma Dolores Jarillo-Quijada ◽  
Catalina Gayosso-Vázquez ◽  
José Luis Fernández-Vázquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals

Do Results of Surveillance Cultures Impact the Choice of Empirical Antibiotics Among Patients with Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Infections?

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 1455-1457
Author(s):  
Rossana Rosa ◽  
Jose Castro ◽  
Rachel Latibeaudiere ◽  
Nicholas Namias ◽  
L. Silvia Munoz-Price
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Infect Control Hosp ◽  
Empirical Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Surveillance Cultures ◽  
Empirical Antibiotics

We aimed to determine whether the results of surveillance cultures were associated with use of appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy among patients with carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections. We found that surveillance status was not associated with appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy (P=.36). There were significant delays to concordant therapy among surveillance-positive patients (P=.03).Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2015;36(12):1455–1457

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