Orderings and signatures of higher level on multirings and hyperfields

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Gładki ◽  
Murray Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Full Subcategory ◽  
First Order ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractMultirings are objects like rings but with multi-valued addition. In the present paper we extend results of E. Becker and others concerning orderings of higher level on fields and rings to orderings of higher level on hyperfields and multirings and, in the process of doing this, we establish higher level analogs of the results previously obtained by the second author. In particular, we introduce a class of multirings called ℓ-real reduced multirings, define a natural reflection A ⇝ Qℓ-red(A) from the category of multirings satisfying to the full subcategory of ℓ-real reduced multirings, and provide an elementary first-order description of these objects. The relationship between ℓ-real reduced hyperfields and the spaces of signatures defined by Mulcahy and Powers is also examined.

Nonlinear Analysis of Visual Evoked Potentials Elicited by Color Stimulation

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (04/05) ◽  
pp. 315-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Momose ◽  
K. Komiya ◽  
A. Uchiyama
Keyword(s):  
Visual System ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Visual Evoked Potentials ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Second Order ◽  
First Order ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Perceived Color ◽  
Second Order Nonlinearity ◽  
Visual Evoked

Abstract:The relationship between chromatically modulated stimuli and visual evoked potentials (VEPs) was considered. VEPs of normal subjects elicited by chromatically modulated stimuli were measured under several color adaptations, and their binary kernels were estimated. Up to the second-order, binary kernels obtained from VEPs were so characteristic that the VEP-chromatic modulation system showed second-order nonlinearity. First-order binary kernels depended on the color of the stimulus and adaptation, whereas second-order kernels showed almost no difference. This result indicates that the waveforms of first-order binary kernels reflect perceived color (hue). This supports the suggestion that kernels of VEPs include color responses, and could be used as a probe with which to examine the color visual system.

scholarly journals On the correspondence between nested calculi and semantic systems for intuitionistic logics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Lyon
Keyword(s):  
Intuitionistic Logic ◽  
Structural Rules ◽  
First Order ◽  
Constant Domains ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Intuitionistic Logics

Abstract This paper studies the relationship between labelled and nested calculi for propositional intuitionistic logic, first-order intuitionistic logic with non-constant domains and first-order intuitionistic logic with constant domains. It is shown that Fitting’s nested calculi naturally arise from their corresponding labelled calculi—for each of the aforementioned logics—via the elimination of structural rules in labelled derivations. The translational correspondence between the two types of systems is leveraged to show that the nested calculi inherit proof-theoretic properties from their associated labelled calculi, such as completeness, invertibility of rules and cut admissibility. Since labelled calculi are easily obtained via a logic’s semantics, the method presented in this paper can be seen as one whereby refined versions of labelled calculi (containing nested calculi as fragments) with favourable properties are derived directly from a logic’s semantics.

Relational Chase Procedures Interpreted as Resolution with Paramodulation1

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-138
Author(s):  
Joachim Biskup ◽  
Bernhard Convent
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Interpretation ◽  
Order Logic ◽  
First Order Logic ◽  
Inference Problem ◽  
First Order ◽  
Inference Problems ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
Insight Into

In this paper the relationship between dependency theory and first-order logic is explored in order to show how relational chase procedures (i.e., algorithms to decide inference problems for dependencies) can be interpreted as clever implementations of well known refutation procedures of first-order logic with resolution and paramodulation. On the one hand this alternative interpretation provides a deeper insight into the theoretical foundations of chase procedures, whereas on the other hand it makes available an already well established theory with a great amount of known results and techniques to be used for further investigations of the inference problem for dependencies. Our presentation is a detailed and careful elaboration of an idea formerly outlined by Grant and Jacobs which up to now seems to be disregarded by the database community although it definitely deserves more attention.

scholarly journals Reflective subcategories

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Rada ◽  
Manuel Saorín ◽  
Alberto del Valle
Keyword(s):  
Category Theory ◽  
Full Subcategory ◽  
Subject Classification ◽  
Adjoint Functor ◽  
Direct Limits ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Good Behaviour

Given a full subcategory [Fscr ] of a category [Ascr ], the existence of left [Fscr ]-approximations (or [Fscr ]-preenvelopes) completing diagrams in a unique way is equivalent to the fact that [Fscr ] is reflective in [Ascr ], in the classical terminology of category theory.In the first part of the paper we establish, for a rather general [Ascr ], the relationship between reflectivity and covariant finiteness of [Fscr ] in [Ascr ], and generalize Freyd's adjoint functor theorem (for inclusion functors) to not necessarily complete categories. Also, we study the good behaviour of reflections with respect to direct limits. Most results in this part are dualizable, thus providing corresponding versions for coreflective subcategories.In the second half of the paper we give several examples of reflective subcategories of abelian and module categories, mainly of subcategories of the form Copres (M) and Add (M). The second case covers the study of all covariantly finite, generalized Krull-Schmidt subcategories of {\rm Mod}_{R}, and has some connections with the “pure-semisimple conjecture”.1991 Mathematics Subject Classification 18A40, 16D90, 16E70.

scholarly journals Reflective Full Subcategories of the Category ofL-Posets

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Hongping Liu ◽  
Qingguo Li ◽  
Xiangnan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Special Class ◽  
Full Subcategory ◽  
Closure Operators ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Equivalent Description

This paper focuses on the relationship betweenL-posets and completeL-lattices from the categorical view. By considering a special class of fuzzy closure operators, we prove that the category of completeL-lattices is a reflective full subcategory of the category ofL-posets with appropriate morphisms. Moreover, we characterize the Dedekind-MacNeille completions ofL-posets and provide an equivalent description for them.

scholarly journals A question of van den Dries and a theorem of Lipshitz and Robinson; Not everything is standard

2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehud Hrushovski ◽  
Ya'acov Peterzil
Keyword(s):  
Real Numbers ◽  
The Real ◽  
First Order ◽  
Real Closed Fields ◽  
Minimal Structure ◽  
Closed Fields ◽  
New Construction ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractWe use a new construction of an o-minimal structure, due to Lipshitz and Robinson, to answer a question of van den Dries regarding the relationship between arbitrary o-minimal expansions of real closed fields and structures over the real numbers. We write a first order sentence which is true in the Lipshitz-Robinson structure but fails in any possible interpretation over the field of real numbers.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic degradation of indigo carmine by ZnO photocatalyst under visible light irradiation

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 582-587
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Indigo Carmine ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Kinetic Reaction ◽  
First Order ◽  
Pseudo First Order ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Influential Parameters

In this work, the photocatalytic degradation of indigo carmine (IC) using zinc oxide suspension was studied. The effect of influential parameters such as initial indigo carmine concentration and catalyst loading were studied with the effect of Vis irradiation in the presence of reused ZnO was also investigated. The increased in initial dye concentration decreased the photodegradation and the increased catalyst loading increased the degradation percentage and the reused-ZnO exhibits lower photocatalytic activity than the ZnO catalyst. It has been found that the photocatalytic degradation of indigo carmine obeyed the pseudo-first-order kinetic reaction in presence of zinc oxide. This was found from plotting the relationship between ln (C0/Ct) and irradiation the rate constant of the process.UV- spectrophotometer was used to study the indigo carmine photodegradation.

scholarly journals On B- Covariant Derivative of First Order for Some Tensors in different Spaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Alaa A. Abdallah ◽  
A. A. Navlekar ◽  
Kirtiwant P. Ghadle
Keyword(s):  
Curvature Tensor ◽  
Covariant Derivative ◽  
Torsion Tensor ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Condition ◽  
First Order ◽  
Recurrence Property ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper, we study the relationship between Cartan's second curvature tensor $P_{jkh}^{i}$ and $(h) hv-$torsion tensor $C_{jk}^{i}$ in sense of Berwald. Moreover, we discuss the necessary and sufficient condition for some tensors which satisfy a recurrence property in $BC$-$RF_{n}$, $P2$-Like-$BC$-$RF_{n}$, $P^{\ast }$-$BC$-$RF_{n}$ and $P$-reducible-$BC-RF_{n}$.

A Negative Actor Engagement Scale for Online Knowledge-Sharing Platforms

2021 ◽  
pp. 183933492110220
Author(s):  
Loic Pengtao Li ◽  
Catherine Frethey-Bentham ◽  
Biljana Juric ◽  
Roderick J. Brodie
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Negative Word ◽  
Measurement Instruments ◽  
First Order ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Positive Engagement ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Engagement Scale

Prior research shows that negative engagement is conceptually different from positive engagement, and necessitates further understanding and measurement instruments. This study reports a series of four studies leading to conceptualization, development, and validation of a negative actor engagement scale for online knowledge-sharing platforms. An online learning service platform Piazza is chosen as the research context, where learners engage intensively in knowledge-sharing with one another as well as instructors. We conceptualize negative engagement as actors’ negative engagement dispositions (i.e., negative emotions and cognitions) during interactions on the platform. Negative engagement disposition is shown to be a second-order formative construct comprising four first-order reflective constructs—annoyance, social anxiety, failed expectations, and futility. The relationship between negative engagement disposition and its behavioral consequence of negative word-of-mouth is established. This is the first study to conceptualize and operationalize negative actor engagement.

Coherence analysis of a family of weighted star-composed networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (23) ◽  
pp. 1950264
Author(s):  
Meifeng Dai ◽  
Tingting Ju ◽  
Yongbo Hou ◽  
Jianwei Chang ◽  
Yu Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kronecker Product ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Weight Factor ◽  
Node Number ◽  
Laplacian Eigenvalues ◽  
First Order ◽  
Successive Generations ◽  
Network Consistency ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Recently, the study of many kinds of weighted networks has received the attention of researchers in the scientific community. In this paper, first, a class of weighted star-composed networks with a weight factor is introduced. We focus on the network consistency in linear dynamical system for a class of weighted star-composed networks. The network consistency can be characterized as network coherence by using the sum of reciprocals of all nonzero Laplacian eigenvalues, which can be obtained by using the relationship of Laplacian eigenvalues at two successive generations. Remarkably, the Laplacian matrix of the class of weighted star-composed networks can be represented by the Kronecker product, then the properties of the Kronecker product can be used to obtain conveniently the corresponding characteristic roots. In the process of finding the sum of reciprocals of all nonzero Laplacian eigenvalues, the key step is to obtain the relationship of Laplacian eigenvalues at two successive generations. Finally, we obtain the main results of the first- and second-order network coherences. The obtained results show that if the weight factor is 1 then the obtained results in this paper coincide with the previous results on binary networks, otherwise the scalings of the first-order network coherence are related to the node number of attaching copy graph, the weight factor and generation number. Surprisingly, the scalings of the first-order network coherence are independent of the node number of initial graph. Consequently, it will open up new perspectives for future research.

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