804 Tastes: Evidence on Preferences, Randomness, and Value from Double-Blind Wine Tastings

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey C. Bodington
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Mixture Distribution ◽  
Mixture Component ◽  
Type I ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Position Bias ◽  
Ranking Procedures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Level Of Significance

AbstractResults for a total of 804 double-blind tastes by experienced tasters during nine tasting events are reported. T-test results reject the hypothesis that flight-position bias affects results. The distribution of ranks for a wine is a mixture distribution, and tests concerning the variance of that mixture distribution do not isolate the variance due to the randomness mixture component alone. T-statistics for the mean ranks of high- and low-ranking wines are over several standard deviations from a random expectation. T-tests show that the statistical significance of the difference between wine ranks is positively related to the difference in their mean ranks. At a 95% level of significance, the difference in ranks between the first- and second-place wines appears to be significant in 33% of tastings. At 95%, the difference in ranks between the first- and last-place wines appears to be significant in 100% of tastings. Monte Carlo simulation shows that much of those differences could be illusory and due to ranking procedures that lead to Type I errors. While the mean correlation coefficient between price per bottle and mean preference is a weakly positive 0.23, this may not indicate an inefficient market. (JEL Classifications: A10, C00, C12, D12)

The Quality Analysis of Hallux Valgus Videos on YouTube

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enes Sari ◽  
Levent FAZLI Umur
Keyword(s):  
Hallux Valgus ◽  
Information Quality ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Youtube Videos ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to evaluate the information quality of YouTube videos on hallux valgus. METHODS:A YouTube search was performed using the keyword 'hallux valgus' to determine the first 300 videos related to hallux valgus. A total of 54 videos met our inclusion criteria and evaluated for information quality by using DISCERN, Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) and hallux valgus information assessment (HAVIA) scores. Number of views, time since the upload date, view rate, number of comments, number of likes, number of dislikes, video power index (VPI) values were calculated to determine video popularity. Video length (sec), video source and video content were also noted. The relation between information quality and these factors were statistically evaluated. RESULTS:The mean DISCERN score was 30.35{plus minus}11.56 (poor quality) (14-64), the mean JAMA score was 2.28{plus minus}0.96 (1-4), and the mean HAVIA score was 3.63{plus minus}2.42 (moderate quality) (0.5-8.5). Although videos uploaded by physicians had higher mean DISCERN, JAMA, and HAVIA scores than videos uploaded by non-physicians, the difference was not statistically significant. Additionally, view rates and VPI values were higher for videos uploaded by health channels, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between video length and DISCERN (r= 0.294, p= 0.028), and HAVIA scores (r= 0.326, p= 0.015). CONCLUSIONS:This present study demonstrated that the quality of information available on YouTube videos about hallux valgus was low and insufficient. Videos containing accurate information from reliable sources are needed to educate patients on hallux valgus, especially in less frequently mentioned topics such as postoperative complications and healing period.

scholarly journals PENGARUH MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING BERBASIS LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS X AP PADA MATA AJAR SANITASI, HYGIENE DAN KESELAMATAN KERJA DI SMK PARIWISATA TRIATMA JAYA SINGARAJA TAHUN AJARAN 2018/2019

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Yulianitias Yulianitias ◽  
Cokorda Istri Raka Marsiti ◽  
Luh Masdarini
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Model Problem ◽  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Workplace Safety ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Academic Year

ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan dari penggunaan model Problem Based Learning berbasis lingkungan terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas X-AP mata ajar Sanitasi, Hygiene dan Keselamatan kerja di SMK Pariwisata Triatma Jaya Singaraja Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah Non equivalent Only Control Group Design. Objek dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari dua kelas sampel, yaitu kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Metode pemilihan sampel penelitian adalah dengan teknik random sampling. Proses pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen tes untuk mengetahui hasil belajar siswa, kemudian melakukan pengujian hipotesis dengan menggunakan teknik uji-t. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, diperoleh thitung 7,641 dan ttabel (pada taraf signifikansi 5%) = 3,460. Hal ini berarti bahwa thitung> ttabel, sehingga dapat diinterpretasikan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap hasil belajar siswa X AP Di SMK Pariwisata Triatma Jaya Singaraja antara kelompok siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan Problem Based Learning berbasis lingkungan lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan metode konvensional. Dilihat dari hasil perhitungan rata-rata hasil belajar Sanitasi, Hygiene dan Keselamatan kerja kelompok eksperimen adalah 81 lebih besar dari rata-rata hasil belajar Sanitasi, Hygiene dan Keselamatan kerja kelompok kontrol yaitu 76 Kata kunci: Hasil belajar Sanitasi, Hygiene dan Keselamatan Kerja, Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) Berbasis Lingkungan ABSTRACT The study aimed at finding out the difference of implementation of problem based learning model with environmental basis towards the achievement of class XAP students on the subjects of sanitation, hygiene, and workplace safety at SMK Pariwisata Triatma Jaya Singaraja on the academic year 2018/2019. The research was designed with non equivalent only group control. The objects were two classes of samples, namely controlled and sample classes. Random sampling method was apllied to determine the sample of the research. The data were gathered by using test to find out the achievement of the students , then examining the hypothesis was done by implementing t-examiner technique. The results show that tvalue is 7,641 and ttable (at level of significance 5%) = 3,460. It means that tvalue> ttable. It can be interpreted that there is a significant effect towards the students’ahievement of class X AP at SMK Pariwisata Triatma Jaya Singaraja. The group of students that were treated with Problem Based Learning with the environmental basis got the mean score 81 for sanitation, hygiene, and workplace safety, it is higher than those who were treated with conventional method (controlled group).Key words : achievement, sanitation, hygiene, and workplace safety Model

A Parallel-Group Comparison of Astemizole and Loratadine for the Treatment of Perennial Allergic Rhinitis

1997 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Al-Muhaimeed
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Perennial Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Runny Nose ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
To Receive

The efficacy and safety of the two antihistamines, astemizole and loratadine, were compared in a double-blind study of 84 patients with perennial allergic rhinitis. Patients were randomized to receive orally either astemizole 10 mg once daily ( n = 40) or loratadine 10 mg once daily ( n = 44) for 1 week. No other antirhinitis medication was allowed during the study. By day 7 the mean daily symptom scores, recorded on diary cards, were lower in patients receiving astemizole than in those receiving loratadine for runny nose, itchy nose and sneezing, although not for blocked nose, and treatment differences only reached statistical significance for runny nose. After 7 days, 53.75% of patients on astemizole and 38.6% on loratadine were free of symptoms, and 87% of patients on astemizole described the treatment as good or excellent compared with 62% on loratadine. The present results suggest that astemizole may be more effective than loratadine in controlling symptoms of perennial allergic rhinitis.

Effects of Orthokeratology Lens On Axial Length Elongation in Myopia With Anisometropia Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyang Chen ◽  
Kai-Ming Chen ◽  
Ying Shi ◽  
Zhao-Da Ye ◽  
Sheng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Group 1

Abstract AimTo investigate the effect of orthokeratology (OK) lens on axial length (AL) elongation in myopia with anisometropia children.MethodsThirty-seven unilateral myopia (group 1) and fifty-nine bilateral myopia with anisometropia children were involved in this 1-year retrospective study. And bilateral myopia with anisometropia children were divided into group 2A (diopter of the lower SER eye under − 2.00D) and group 2B(diopter of the lower SER eye is equal or greater than − 2.00D). The change in AL were observed.The datas were analysed using SPSS 21.0.Results(1) In group 1, the mean baseline AL of the H eyes and L eye were 24.70 ± 0.89 mm and 23.55 ± 0.69 mm, respectively. In group 2A, the mean baseline AL of the H eyes and L eyes were 24.61 ± 0.84 mm and 24.00 ± 0.70 mm respectively. In group 2B, the mean baseline AL of the H eyes and L eyes were 25.28 ± 0.72 mm and 24.70 ± 0.74 mm. After 1 year, the change in AL of the L eyes was faster than the H eyes in group 1 and group 2A (all P<0.001).While the AL of the H eyes and L eyes had the same increased rate in group 2B. (2) The effect of controlling AL elongation of H eyes is consistent in three groups (P = 0.559).The effect of controlling AL elongation of L eyes in group 2B was better than that in group 1 and group 2A (P < 0.001). And the difference between group 1 and group 2A has no statistical significance. (3) The AL difference in H eyes and L eyes decreased from baseline 1.16 ± 0.55mm to 0.88 ± 0.68mm after 1 year in group 1.And in group 2A, the AL difference in H eyes and L eyes decreased from baseline 0.61 ± 0.34mm to 0.48 ± 0.28mm. There was statistically significant difference (all P<0.001). In group 2B, the baseline AL difference in H eyes and L eyes has no significant difference from that after 1 year (P = 0.069).ConclusionsMonocular OK lens is effective on suppression AL growth of the myopic eyes and reduce anisometropia value in unilateral myopic children. Binocular OK lenses only reduce anisometropia with the diopter of the low eye under − 2.00D. Binocular OK lenses cannot reduce anisometropia with the diopter of the low eye equal or greater than − 2.00D. Whether OK lens can reduce refractive anisometropia value is related to the spherical equivalent refractive of low refractive eye in bilateral myopia with anisometropia children after 1-year follow-up.

The Ego has landed! The .05 level of statistical significance is soft (Fisher) rather than hard (Neyman/Pearson)

1998 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lester E. Krueger
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type I Errors ◽  
Level Of Significance

Chow pays lip service (but not much more!) to Type I errors and thus opts for a hard (all-or-none) .05 level of significance (Superego of Neyman/Pearson theory; Gigerenzer 1993). Most working scientists disregard Type I errors and thus utilize a soft .05 level (Ego of Fisher; Gigerenzer 1993), which lets them report gradations of significance (e.g., p < .001).

Cyclandelate in the Prophylaxis of Migraine

Cephalalgia ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 441-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
HC Diener ◽  
M F”h ◽  
C laccarino ◽  
P Wessely ◽  
H Isler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Platelet Activating Factor ◽  
Baseline Period ◽  
Comparable Efficacy ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Adverse Experiences ◽  
First Choice ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Better Than

Cyclandelate inhibits calcium-induced contraction of vascular smooth muscle cells, platelet aggregation induced by thrombin, platelet-activating-factor and adenosine, and also suppresses a provoked 5HT release from platelets. This pharmacological profile suggests that cyclandelate may have a potential prophylactic effect in migraine. To test this hypothesis, a double-blind multicentre study was performed in 214 patients to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of cyclandelate compared to placebo and propranolol. After a 4-week baseline period, eligible patients (randomization 3:2:3) were treated for 12 weeks with daily doses of 1.200 mg cyclandelate ( n=81), placebo ( n=55) or 120 mg propranolol ( n=78). The number of migraine attacks (350% responders) and the migraine duration/month were compared based on the difference between baseline and the last 4 weeks of prophylactic treatment. The percentage of patients with a reduction in migraine attacks of 350% treated with cyclancelate (37.0%) or propranolol (42.3%) was not significantly superior to placebo (30.9%; P>0.025). The mean duration of migraine in hours (h) per month decreased in both active treatment groups (cyclandelate: 36.8h, p=0.046; propranolol: 34.4 h, p=0.039) compared to placebo (13.7 h) without reaching statistical significance (alpha/2=0.025). The clinical efficacy of cyclandelate and propranolol was comparable. Adverse experiences were reported by 13 patients (16.0%) treated with cyclandelate, by 5 patients (9.1%) treated with placebo and by 19 patients (24.4%) treated with propranolol. These were drug-related in 7.1% ( n=6) of patients treated with cyclandelate and in 9% ( n=7) of patients treated with propranolol. In summary, cyclandelate has a comparable efficacy to that of propranolol an established drug of first choice in the prophylaxis of migraine. Both drugs were better than placebo, but not significantly so. Both active treatments were well tolerated. ÿ box

THE EXCRETION OF C-16 OXYGENATED NEUTRAL STEROID SULPHATES AND DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULPHATE IN NORMAL PREGNANCY, AND A COMPARISON WITH THEIR EXCRETION BY ENDOCRINOLOGICALLY NORMAL SUBJECTS OF BOTH SEXES

1973 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Seth ◽  
G. W. Pennington
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Circulation ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Neutral Steroid ◽  
Usual Criterion ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Normal Males

ABSTRACT The respective mean 24 h urinary excretions of sulphoconjugated 16α-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone, 16-oxo-androstenediol, and dehydroepiandrosterone were found to be 1040, 230, and 668 μg/24 h for normal males, and 621, 209, and 304 μg/24 h for normal non-pregnant females. None of the differences in mean steroid excretions between males and non-pregnant females was statistically significant according to the usual criterion for significance (P < 0.05). The mean excretions of sulphoconjugated 16α-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone, 16-oxo-androstenediol and dehydroepiandrosterone between the 10th week of normal pregnancy and term were 1300, 505 and 226 μg/24 h respectively. No significant trend in the excretions of these neutral steroid sulphates between the 10th week of pregnancy and term could be detected. The increased excretion of both C-16 oxygenated steroid sulphates in pregnancy was highly significant (P < 0.001). In contrast, the statistical significance of the difference in excretion of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate between pregnant and non-pregnant females could not be established. There did not appear to be any relationship between the excretion of 16α-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone sulphate and oestriol in normal pregnancy. The results are considered to be consistent with a limited transplacental passage of neutral steroids from the foetoplacental to maternal circulation.

scholarly journals Evaluating the role of Palestinian universities in facing disasters and managing crises in light of the Corona pandemic: تقييم دور الجامعات الفلسطينية في مواجهة الكوارث وإدارة الأزمات في ظل جائحة كورونا

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Abdel-Majeed Assaf
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Fourth Level ◽  
Random Manner ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Palestinian Universities

The study aimed to identify the degree of evaluation of a sample of Palestinian university students in the governorates of Gaza for its role in responding to disasters and crisis management in the light of the Corona epidemic, and to discover whether there was statistical significance at the level of significance between the average evaluation of the sample members for this role because of the variables: (sex, the college). To achieve this, the researcher followed the descriptive analytical approach by applying a questionnaire consisting of (34) paragraphs on (412) male and female students from the fourth level and above who were tested in a simple random manner. The results showed that the sample evaluation. The role of universities in disaster response and crisis management in light of the Corona epidemic was of great importance in relative weight (78.33%). There are statistically significant differences between the mean scores for the evaluation of the sample individuals for this role due to the sex variable, in favor of males, while there are no differences due to the college variable. The study recommended that universities should analyze the reserve capacity of their resources during this phase and merge the stage of prevention of repercussions with the stage of preparedness for confrontation.

scholarly journals Outcome of GnRH antagonist ICSI cycles triggered by GnRH agonist plus Recombinant hCG versus triggered with Recombinant hCG alone in fresh autologous ICSI cycle

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-131
Author(s):  
Wafaa Mohammed Abed ◽  
Mohammed Oda Selman
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Final Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Reproductive Techniques ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

To explore whether dual triggering for final oocyte maturation using a low dose of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) plus gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) is as effective as the standard dose of recombinant hCG triggering alone in term of a total number of retrieved oocytes, fertilization and pregnancy rate in fresh autologous antagonist intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. 80 infertile women undergoing ICSI, aged ˂ 40 years, 18˂ Body mass index ˂30 Kg/m2 included in fresh autologous antagonist ICSI cycles. 40 women received a Standard dose of recombinant hCG (500 µg) alone and 40 women received GnRH-a (0.2 mg triptorelin plus 250 µg recombinant hCG) were used for final oocytes maturation. This study was conducted at the High Institute for Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Techniques, Al Nahrain University. The mean total number of retrieved oocytes, fertilization, and pregnancy rate were measured. The mean total oocyte number being statistically higher in the dual trigger group. The mean number of fertilized oocytes and clinical pregnancy rates was higher in the dual trigger group than in the control group, but the difference showed borderline statistical significance. Furthermore, fertilization rates show no statistical difference between the control group and the dual trigger group. Results of the study confirm that dual triggers show favorable improvement in fresh autologous antagonist ICSI cycles with the use of GnRH agonists plus hCG compared with hCG alone for triggering of final oocyte maturation.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF SUMMARIZING TECHNIQUE ON READING ACHIEVEMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Siti Syafi’atul Qomariyah
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Reading Achievement ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Second Year ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Experimental Group

This article is a report of experimental conducted at the second year students of SMA Kanjeng Sepuh Sidayu Gresik. This study was conducted to measure the effect of summarizing technique on reading achievement. The instrument used for collecting data was test.  The data analysis showed that mean of pretest was 37,94 in experimental group and 33,68 in control group. The result of t-test of pre-test was 2,444 and t-critical was 1,684 in level of significant .05. And the mean of post-test was 74,52 in experimental group and 68,39 in control group. The difference between the two mean score is 6.13. The mean of the control group is lower than the experimental one. In which the highest score was 52 and the lowest score was 20 in control group and experimental group. From the data analysis, the writer got findings. The mean score of experimental group was 74.52 and the mean score of control group was 68.39. after applying the ANCOVA formula, it indicates that F-value was 4.117 and the critical value with the level of significance .05 was 4.00. The finding shows that students’ achievement of reading in posttest (after treatment) of experimental group was higher than control group. It was found out that summarizing technique was effective in reading achievement.

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