scholarly journals Best Thing Is Always in the Middle? An Investigation of Centrality Preference By Eye-Tracking Technique and Memory Recall

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lap-Yan Lo ◽  
Cheuk-Yu Tsang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Recall Test ◽  
Number Line ◽  
Mental Number Line ◽  
Horizontal Line ◽  
Memory Recall ◽  
Tracking Technique ◽  
Fixation Points ◽  
The Relationship

An object located in the centre position is believed to be the most attended and well remembered, which increases its likelihood of being chosen (i.e., centrality preference). However, the literature has yielded inconsistent evidence. With the support of an eye-tracking technique, this study tried to provide another means of examining the relationship between preference and attention. Thirty undergraduates were asked to choose one of five similar items presented on a horizontal line. The findings on eye fixation points and looking duration positively related to the probability of an item being chosen as the preferred item. Yet performance in a recall test revealed an independence between preference and remembering. Furthermore, an unexpectedly large proportion of the participants also preferred the items on the leftmost side of the array. The mental number line and social norms, together with centrality preference, were used to provide an explanation of our implicit preference in decision making.

Mathematics and TMS

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Rusconi ◽  
Carlo Umiltà
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Number Line ◽  
Mathematical Cognition ◽  
Mental Number Line ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

This article introduces the relationship between mathematical cognition and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). The mental number line is located in the parietal lobe. Studies employing TMS have explored issues related to the mental number line. This article reviews the studies centered on the magnitude code. The results show that even though the parietal activation is nearly always present in both hemispheres, it is often asymmetric, being greater in the right hemisphere when quantification of nonverbal and nonsymbolic material is required. Neuropsychological studies confirm the relation between the magnitude code and the parietal lobe. The extent to which number-related processes are number specific, and the extent to which they overlap with other aspects of spatial or magnitude representation, is currently a burgeoning area of research. Current work is aimed to disrupt numerical processes and observe concomitant changes in brain activation.

Layman's method to verify Goldbach's conjectures

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-404
Author(s):  
Y. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Graphical Method ◽  
Number Line ◽  
Prime Numbers ◽  
Coordinate Frame ◽  
Horizontal Line ◽  
Analytical Geometry ◽  
Mathematical Problems ◽  
Straight Lines ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Goldbach conjecture of prime numbers is one of the unsolved mathematical problems. Many trial solutions appeared in the literature, but so far none has been accepted by the mathematics societies. This paper describes a graphical method devised by me to explain the mystery of the said conjecture. My method based on the teachings of analytical geometry using a rectangular coordinate frame with even numbers as ordinates and prime numbers as abscissas. Straight lines with 45 degree slop and intercepets of varying prime numbers on the ordinate are drawn to meet all the vertical straight draw grom the abscissas. These diagonal lines are designated as separation lines and identified by its intercept number. The intersection of vertical abscissa line, the separation line and a horizontal line drawn from the ordinates shows the relationship of an even number and its pair of prime numbers. These intersections vividly appear on the horizontal even number line and can be easily seen. This method is a graphical version of binary combination of prime numbers and can locate the prime-pairs of any even nuber by drawing a family of separation lines.

scholarly journals STUDY ON DEVELOPING AND APPLYING EYE-TRACKING TECHNIQUE TO FOOD CONSUMER BEHAVIOR IN VIETNAM: A STUDY ON MOONCAKES

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (5A) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Thi Minh Hang Vu
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Food Choice ◽  
Choice Behavior ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Eye Tracker ◽  
Tracking Technique ◽  
Visit Duration ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Eye-tracking method has been increasingly used for studying food consumer behavior in the last few years because of its objectivity. This study applied eye-tracking technique to investigate the food choice behavior of Vietnamese consumers: from gazing, and expected liking to perceived liking. The Tobii T60 eye-tracker was used for recording and analysing the gazing behavior of consumers. Four traditional mooncakes with different ingredients were tested by 70 Vietnamese participants: 1) Product pictures were shown on a screen. Participants had to choose the product they liked the most. During this process, gazing behavior was recorded with an eye-tracker; 2) Product samples were served for tasting. Participants had to rated their perceived liking using conventional 9-point hedonic scale.Results showed that the investigated gazing behavior parameters (fixation count, fixation duration, visit duration and visit count) correlated significantly in a positive way with the “wanting to try” choice. Moreover, this choice is in compliance with “perceived liking”. Results have been discussed considering the relationship between eye-movements, decision making process and choosing behavior. This study applied a new objective technique to study food consumer behavior. Moreover, it opens preliminarily a multiple-tool approach in improving the understanding of consumers’ food choice perception and behavior.

scholarly journals Eye-tracking test design influences the relationship between gazing behaviour and evaluation decision

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-270
Author(s):  
Thi Minh Hang Vu ◽  
Viet Phu Tu ◽  
Klaus Duerrschmid
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Consumer Decision Making ◽  
Eye Tracker ◽  
Choice Tests ◽  
Evaluation Decision ◽  
Design Factors ◽  
The Relationship

Summary Recent research has revealed a correlation between consumer gazing behaviour and decision-making in eye-tracking tests, which suggested a predictability decision-making from gazing behaviour. Since the eye-tracking test design has been reported to have an effect on gazing behaviour, the objective of this work is therefore to study systematically whether the test design influences the relationship between choice and gazing. Using a Tobii-T60 Eye Tracker, 100 persons participated in eye-tracking tests working on food images. Two design factors were tested: 1) Type of evaluation (maximum choice, minimum choice, ranking, and rating); 2) Question content (deliciousness, healthiness,prices, and familiarity). The results showed that the correlation between decision-making and gazing behaviour is influenced by both Type of evaluation and Question content. Only in the choice tests, a significant correlation between gazing behaviour and consumer decision-making was found. No correlation was found in the question content group Prices, but a very strong correlation existed in the three other question content groups. The results are discussed considering the relationship between visual attention and cognitive processes in decision-making.

Does mental number line training work? The effects of cognitive training on real-life mathematics, numeracy, and decision making.

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Sobkow ◽  
Kamil Fulawka ◽  
Pawel Tomczak ◽  
Piotr Zjawiony ◽  
Jakub Traczyk
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Number Line ◽  
Mental Number Line

The Relationship Between Hearing Loss Self-Management and Hearing Aid Benefit and Satisfaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Convery ◽  
Gitte Keidser ◽  
Louise Hickson ◽  
Carly Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Hearing Aid Benefit ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Hearing loss self-management refers to the knowledge and skills people use to manage the effects of hearing loss on all aspects of their daily lives. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-reported hearing loss self-management and hearing aid benefit and satisfaction. Method Thirty-seven adults with hearing loss, all of whom were current users of bilateral hearing aids, participated in this observational study. The participants completed self-report inventories probing their hearing loss self-management and hearing aid benefit and satisfaction. Correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship between individual domains of hearing loss self-management and hearing aid benefit and satisfaction. Results Participants who reported better self-management of the effects of their hearing loss on their emotional well-being and social participation were more likely to report less aided listening difficulty in noisy and reverberant environments and greater satisfaction with the effect of their hearing aids on their self-image. Participants who reported better self-management in the areas of adhering to treatment, participating in shared decision making, accessing services and resources, attending appointments, and monitoring for changes in their hearing and functional status were more likely to report greater satisfaction with the sound quality and performance of their hearing aids. Conclusion Study findings highlight the potential for using information about a patient's hearing loss self-management in different domains as part of clinical decision making and management planning.

Centralization and Effectiveness of Reward Management in Multinational Enterprises

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Tekieli ◽  
Marion Festing ◽  
Xavier Baeten
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Role Identity ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Role Identities ◽  
Management Decision Making ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Subsidiary Managers ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Based on responses from 158 reward managers located at the headquarters or subsidiaries of multinational enterprises, the present study examines the relationship between the centralization of reward management decision making and its perceived effectiveness in multinational enterprises. Our results show that headquarters managers perceive a centralized approach as being more effective, while for subsidiary managers this relationship is moderated by the manager’s role identity. Referring to social identity theory, the present study enriches the standardization versus localization debate through a new perspective focusing on psychological processes, thereby indicating the importance of in-group favoritism in headquarters and the influence of subsidiary managers’ role identities on reward management decision making.

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