RADIOCARBON AGES OF SUYANGGAE PALEOLITHIC SITES IN DANYANG, KOREA

Radiocarbon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Kyeong J Kim ◽  
Ju Y Kim ◽  
Kyong W Lee ◽  
Seung W Lee ◽  
Jong Y Woo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Development ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Cold Environment ◽  
Early Humans ◽  
Cultural Layers ◽  
Evolutional Process ◽  
Climatic Signals

ABSTRACT The Suyanggae archeological complex is located in Aegok-li, Danyang County, Chungbuk Province, Korea (128°20'00"E, 365˚7'15"N, elevation 132 m). We investigated two Suyanggae Paleolithic localities (1 and 6). A total of 31 samples (18 localities) were analyzed for radiocarbon (14C) ages in three paleolithic cultural horizons of Suyanggae Locality 6 (SYG-6). The purpose of this paper is to report all dating results of SYG-6. It was found that ranges of 14C ages (BP) of cultural layers of SYG-6 are known to be 17,550 ± 80 ∼ 20,470 ± 70, 30,360 ± 350 ∼ 44,100 ± 1900, and 34,870 ± 540 ∼ 46,360 ± 510 BP for cultural layers 2, 3, and 4, respectively. We compared these age data with those of the previous study associated with Gunang Cave near Suyanggae Locality 1 (SYG-1). Based on the chronological information of the three archaeological sites, early humans lived in a rather cold environment from approximately 30,000 to 46,000 BP and disappeared between 30,000 ∼ 20,000 BP and then settled again in SYG-6 site during LGM period. This study demonstrates that archaeological study is important not only for understanding human occupations with their cultural development but also establishing climatic signals to which they have been adapted as a part of the human evolutional process.

Organic Matter of Cultural Layers as a Material for Radiocarbon Dating

Radiocarbon ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1931-1944 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Zazovskaya ◽  
V Shishkov ◽  
A Dolgikh ◽  
A Alexndrovskiy ◽  
V Skripkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Natural Zones ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Cultural Layers ◽  
Closed Systems ◽  
Physical Stabilization

ABSTRACTThis article focuses on radiocarbon (14C) dating of the organic matter (OM) of natural-anthropogenic objects—the cultural layers (CLs) of archaeological sites. Using examples from three ancient sites located within the European part of Russia, in southern taiga and forest-steppe natural zones, we demonstrate approaches to the interpretation of 14C dating of OM derived from the organomineral material of the CLs studied. We use the term “archaeological humus” as defined as the OM formed within the CL from “anthropogenic matter” (i.e., organic residues that were produced during the past human occupation of the site) without or with negligible contribution of OM inherited from pre-anthropogenic stages of pedogenesis. The archaeological humus is formed within closed or semi-closed systems by the processes of humification and physical stabilization of OM. The use of hierarchical (from macro- to submicro-) morphological investigations at one of the sites (Gnezdovo) combined with 14C dating allowed conclusions to be drawn about the age of formation of different OM components in CLs.

scholarly journals Sedimentary Landscape of Mun Valley Prehistoric Site: Construction History of Moated Site of Ban Non Wat, Northeast Thailand

Quaternary ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Nelum Kanthilatha ◽  
William Boyd ◽  
Nigel Chang
Keyword(s):  
Social Activity ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Particle Analysis ◽  
Northeast Thailand ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cultural Layers ◽  
Archaeological Sediments

This research examines the sedimentological evidence of human occupation on different cultural layers at the prehistoric archaeological sites in northeast Thailand. This study focuses on the sedimentological characters of stratigraphic layers identified at the prehistoric occupation sites of Ban Non Wat and Nong Hua Raet, to demonstrate the capacity of such analyses to elucidate the modification of sediments by past anthropogenic activity, and eventually to contribute to an enhanced understanding of the behaviour of ancient people. The primary intention of this paper is, therefore, to point out potential uses of particle analysis in identifying human–landscape interventions, testing whether meaningful differentiation is possible, and if not, whether this may nevertheless be used to understand the sedimentological relationships between different features. The study finds that although there is relatively little differentiation between sediments across the archaeological site, some insight is possible in identifying relationships between the natural sediments of the floodplain, the channels associated with the archaeological sites, and the archaeological sediments themselves. It is, for example, now possible to raise new questions regarding the construction history of the sites, the history of human behaviour at these sites, socio-spatial relationships between paleo-social activity and natural resources, and fine-scale landscape associations between sites.

Fruit carbonate in Lithospermeae: 14C, stable isotope composition and potential as a paleoenvrionmental proxy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin Pustovoytov ◽  
Simone Riehl
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Good Correspondence ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Fractionation ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Cultural Layers ◽  
Diverse Origin

<p>The tribe Lithospermeae (fam. Boraginaceae) represents one of very few taxa vascular plants that accumulate appreciable amounts of calcium carbonate in their tissues. The CaCO<sub>3</sub> is localized in the pericarp sclerenchyma, which makes their small fruits (nutlets) mechanically durable and provides their good preservation in sediments and cultural layers. Fossil Lithospermeae fruits appear as whitish, slightly elongated entities, 3-5 mm in length.  At archaeological sites, the nutlets can be of diverse origin: in most contexts they represent carpological evidence for weed flora of the past, however, some findings suggest that they were used for decorative purposes (beads etc.).  </p><p>Here we overview the potential use of fruit carbonate of Lithospermeae in paleoecological research.   </p><p><sup>14</sup>C-dating: Fruit carbonate of the taxon can be successfully dated with radiocarbon.  </p><p>The <sup>14</sup>C concentration in the CaCO<sub>3</sub> fraction of modern nutlets is well-correlated to the recent atmospheric <sup>14</sup>C levels. Radiocarbon ages of old nutlets are in good correspondence with the age ranges of archaeological contexts. Obviously, fruit carbonate can represent a geochemically closed system for millennia in sediment environments.               </p><p>δ<sup>18</sup>O values: Our data based on an array of herbarium exemplars of Lithospermeae, suggest that the δ<sup>18</sup>O of fruit carbonate is distinctively sensitive to the amount of atmospheric precipitation during the warm season. The degree of correlation between δ<sup>18</sup>O and local air temperatures is lower.</p><p>We further performed an experiment on gromwell (Buglossoides arvensis (L.) I.M.Johnst), irrigated by water with different oxygen isotope signatures. The δ<sup>18</sup>O values of fruit CaCO<sub>3 </sub>showed correlation to the δ<sup>18</sup>O of irrigation water. The oxygen isotope fractionation in fruit carbonate turned out to be surprisingly low with 1000lnα = 4.72±3.49, which is relatively close to foraminiferal CaCO<sub>3</sub>.</p><p> δ<sup>13</sup>C values: In contrast to the oxygen isotope signature, we did not find a strong correlation of the δ<sup>13</sup>C values of fruit carbonate to precipitation and temperature.  However, the photosynthetic origin of carbon in fruit CaCO<sub>3</sub> admits a possibility of some links of δ<sup>13</sup>C to ambient factors.  </p><p>   </p>

Opportunities and Features of the Palynological Analysis Application on Various Types of Archaeological Sites

2021 ◽  
pp. 361-376
Author(s):  
Anna Aleshinskaya ◽  
◽  
Anna Babenko ◽  
Maria Kochanova ◽  
Alla Troshina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Buried Soils ◽  
Palynological Analysis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Analysis Application ◽  
Cultural Layers ◽  
Burial Mounds ◽  
Funerary Rites ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Research Recommendations

A wide variety of archaeological sites associated with various human activity has led to the emergence of a wide range of problems solved by archaeological palynology. On the example of the palynological materials accumulated in the Laboratory of Nature Sciences of the Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the opportunities and features of the palynological analysis application are considered both on classical objects for Russian archaeopalynology (cultural layer, buried soils, defensive ramparts, burial mounds, etc.) and on non-traditional ones (latrines, vessels, funerary objects, ceramics, etc.). It is shown that the reconstruction of the natural environment, generally accepted for palynology, is mainly possible for the materials from long timed sites of shepherds in caves and rock shelters and cultural layers of sites, settlements, hillforts. Materials obtained from other objects (ancient and medieval arable lands, storage pits, latrines, the contents of ritual objects, vessels, and the gastrointestinal tract of the buried) give an idea of very local and short-term environmental conditions or events usually associated with economic and/or daily activities of a person, with his food, funerary rites and traditions. In this regard, the possibilities of the palynological method and the purposes will be different for each specific research. Recommendations for the sampling for palynological analysis are given for each specific case.

The Patterns of Bone Technology in Ancient Kashi (1300 bc to 300 ad)

2021 ◽  
pp. 037698362110521
Author(s):  
Anuradha Singh
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Perspective ◽  
Ecological Aspect ◽  
Bone Tools ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
History Of

The political, socio-economic and cultural development of Kashi was never blocked. The history of technological development in Kashi state has been very flourished. The present study is an attempt to present historical and analytical studies regarding bone technology and its characteristics used in the region of ancient Kashi. The contribution of bone technology in the wisdom of Kashi and the development of a socio-economic perspective has also been discussed. Various bone tools obtained from Kashi’s archaeological sites and excavations reports have been studied. Archaeological and literary sources revealed that ancient Kashi was very developed in technology. The sources candidly depicted the prosperous societal life of its inhabitants in the backdrop of rich culture. Bone objects remains constitute an essential theme to study the integrated ecological aspect of human life.

Hunting of Game Fowl by the Russian Population of the Tarsky Irtysh Region in the 17th-19th Centuries: written and archaeological sources

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-86
Author(s):  
Larisa Tataurova ◽  
◽  
Aleksey Nekrasov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Russian Population ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
Cultural Layers ◽  
Rural Sites ◽  
Written Sources

Bird hunting as a type of economic activity of the Russian population in the 17th—18th centuries is analyzed on the basis of archeozoological collections and complexes from the cultural layers of rural sites. The composition and ratio of different types of commercial birds, methods of passive and active hunting are determined. The results obtained are compared with written sources of the 19 th century and archaeological materials from other regions. As part of the inventory of archaeological sites, in addition to the bow and arrowheads, a set of clay balls of different sizes and weights was identified, which were used as projectiles for slingshot in hunting flocking birds.

Suitability of biogenic carbonate of Lithospermum fruits for 14C dating

2006 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 508-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin Pustovoytov ◽  
Simone Riehl
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Quaternary Sediments ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Biogenic Carbonate ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Cultural Layers ◽  
Absolute Age ◽  
Calcified Tissues

AbstractLithospermum (Boraginaceae) belongs to a small group of plant taxa that accumulate biogenic carbonate in their fruits. In this genus, carbonate incrustations form in the cells of the epidermis and sclerenchyma of the pericarp. Fossil Lithospermum fruits (nutlets) with well-preserved calcified tissues commonly occur in Quaternary sediments and cultural layers. We tested the suitability of biogenic carbonate of Lithospermum fruits for radiocarbon dating using a total of 15 AMS measurement results from four modern and 11 fossil samples. The 14C data from modern samples suggest that Lithospermum utilises only atmospheric carbon to synthesise calcite in the nutlets. In general, the ages determined through 14C dating of fossil fruitscorresponded well with the absolute-age intervals for archaeological sites over the last 5000 yr. Biogenic carbonate of Lithospermum fruits, like that of Celtis, represents a new source of chronological information for late Quaternary studies.

Urease activity in cultural layers at archaeological sites

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena V. Chernysheva ◽  
Dmitry S. Korobov ◽  
Tatiana E. Khomutova ◽  
Alexander V. Borisov
Keyword(s):  
Urease Activity ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Cultural Layers

scholarly journals Dry Creek Revisited: New Excavations, Radiocarbon Dates, and Site Formation Inform on the Peopling of Eastern Beringia

2015 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly E. Graf ◽  
Lyndsay M. DiPietro ◽  
Kathryn E. Krasinski ◽  
Angela K. Gore ◽  
Heather L. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Original Work ◽  
Upper Paleolithic ◽  
Site Formation ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Before Present ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Terminal Pleistocene ◽  
Cultural Layers ◽  
First Time ◽  
Cultural Features

The multicomponent Dry Creek site, located in the Nenana Valley, central Alaska, is arguably one of the most important archaeological sites in Beringia. Original work in the 1970s identified two separate cultural layers, called Components 1 and 2, thought to date to the terminal Pleistocene and suggesting that the site was visited by Upper Paleolithic huntergatherers between about 13,000 and 12,000 calendar years before present (cal B.P.). The oldest of these became the typeassemblage for the Nenana complex. Recently, some have questioned the geoarchaeological integrity of the site's early deposits, suggesting that the separated cultural layers resulted from natural postdepositional disturbances. In 2011, we revisited Dry Creek to independently assess the site's age and formation. Here we present our findings and reaffirm original interpretations of clear separation of two terminal Pleistocene cultural occupations. For the first time, we report direct radiocarbon dates on cultural features associated with both occupation zones, one dating to 13,485-13,305 and the other to 11,060-10,590 cal B.P.

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