From discursive resistance to new genealogies: rethinking Israelite identities in Africa through the case of Nuer Christian Zionists

Africa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 832-851
Author(s):  
Yotam Gidron
Keyword(s):  
South Sudan ◽  
Ethnic Identities ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Marginalized Communities ◽  
Biblical Narratives ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Emic Perspective ◽  
Born Again ◽  
Western Ethiopia

AbstractScholars have commonly interpreted the emergence of claims of Israelite descent among African peoples as attempts of marginalized communities to construct empowering identities by drawing on biblical narratives. This article tries to make sense of such claims from a more emic perspective, not as an instrumental counter-discourse but as a genuine attempt to grapple with the nature of ethnic membership and the place of certain communities in relation to biblical genealogies, time and space. The article explores the claims of Nuer members of several Evangelical Zionist churches operating in western Ethiopia and South Sudan that the Nuer are among the ‘lost tribes’ of Israel. It demonstrates how Nuer Zionists have reinterpreted Nuer identity, known for its permeability and constructivist nature, in light of contemporary premillennialist Zionist notions of history and peoplehood, which emphasize ethnic fixity and focus on lineages, exclusive bloodlines and biological descent. The article offers a new perspective on Israelite identities in Africa and on the influence of born-again Christianity on the construction of ethnic identities.

Anglicans in the Horn of Africa

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant LeMarquand
Keyword(s):  
Addis Ababa ◽  
South Sudan ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Horn Of Africa ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Ethiopian Orthodox ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries ◽  
Ethiopian Jews ◽  
Western Ethiopia

In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Anglican missionaries attempted to bring renewal to the ancient Ethiopian Orthodox Church by teaching the Orthodox clergy and people the content of the Bible. Other Anglican missionaries attempted to reach Ethiopian Jews with the gospel of Christ, and then encouraged Jewish converts to be baptized in the Orthodox Church. In major cities (such as Addis Ababa and Asmara) Anglicans established chaplaincies for British expatriates. Recently, Anglican refugees from South Sudan planted churches in western Ethiopia, especially in the regions of Asosa and Gambella. These churches of Nuer, Anuak, Opo, Mabaan, and Jieng (Dinka) people are found both in refugee camps and in many local villages and towns. This chapter examines these different endeavours as part of one Anglican story.

scholarly journals Imaginative immersion in the Cistercian Cloister

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 133-160
Author(s):  
Line Cecilie Engh
Keyword(s):  
Lectio Divina ◽  
Yale University ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Rare Book ◽  
Transformative Experiences ◽  
Illuminated Manuscript ◽  
Biblical Narratives ◽  
Cistercian Monks ◽  
John Cassian ◽  
Santa Maria

This article uses analytical concepts from cognitive science to explore and deepen our understanding of how medieval monastics imagined themselves as characters within biblical narratives. It argues that Cistercian monks - and in particular Bernard of Clairvaux - used techniques of imaginative immersion to enter and blend themselves into biblical viewpoints and events, thereby engaging the monks in epistemically and personally transformative experiences. The article concludes that this served to build community and to enculture monks and converts. Specifically, the article offers a close reading of two of Bernard's liturgical sermons, Sermon Two for Palm Sunday and Sermon Two on the Resurrection, to show how his sermons 1) traverse time and space and 2) blend viewpoints. Examples are also taken from texts by John Cassian, Augustine, Gregory the Great, and William of St. Thierry. Keywords: Bernard of Clairvaux, blended viewpoint, deictic displacement, lectio divina, liturgical time and space.  On cover:Monks singing the Office and decorated initial A[sperges me.]. Gradual Olivetan Master (Use of the Olivetan Benedictines), illuminated manuscript on parchment ca. 1430-1439. Italy, Monastero di Santa Maria di Baggio near Milan, Ca 1400-1775.Beinecke Ms1184: The olivetan Gradual. Gradual. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.

scholarly journals The narrative of an ordinary member of language community: WHERE and WHY is dialecticity of a locality created

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Daiva Aliūkaitė ◽  
Danguolė Mikulėnienė
Keyword(s):  
Language Attitudes ◽  
Language Community ◽  
Standard Language ◽  
Perceptual Dialectology ◽  
First Case ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Ordinary Member ◽  
Emic Perspective ◽  
Distinct Features ◽  
Emic And Etic

The paper aims to explore where and why an ordinary member of language community creates the dialecticity of a locality and evaluate whether (and how) the dialect artefact of an ordinary member of language community is related with the dialecticity recognised and estimated by researchers, or, in other words, discuss the interaction of the emic and etic perspectives.The empirical basis for the discussion about the interaction of the emic and etic perspectives is formed on the verbalised and visualised language attitudes of the ordinary members of language community and the data of the text-stimuli perceptions gathered during the project “The Position of Standard Language in the Mental Map of the Lithuanian Language” carried out in 2014–2016 and supplied with the data of the ongoing project “Distribution of Regional Variants and Quasistandard Language at the Beginning of the 21st Century: Perceptual Approach (Perceptual Categorisation of Variants”, 2017–2019.The respondents of both projects are the first-fourth year grammar school pupils whom the scholars associate with the emic perspective. The first attempt concerned the data related with the verbalised and visualised (in the drawn maps) language attitudes of 1.415 teenagers; the second one analysed the data related with the verbalised and visualised (in the drawn maps) language attitudes of 1.064 youngsters and the data of the perception of the text-stimuli recorded in an adequate dialect. Both projects are interrelated with regard to the subject matter and the pursued goals: in the first case, an attempt was made to analyse the geolinguistic competence of an ordinary member of language community; in the second one, an additional aspect of the perceptual abilities of an ordinary member of language community was considered.During the performance of the two projects the essential criterion for the selection of the locations in the regions of Lithuania to be explored was whether they were (non)marked by dialect. Hence the respondent groups were formed in the regiolect and/or geolect zones, and in the second project the task of the text-stimuli perception had motivated the inclusion of the Lithuanian cities.The problem of how an ordinary member of language community creates the dialecticity of a location has been approached on the basis of the data given in the drawn maps presented in the two projects.The participants of the first project have drawn the so called perceptual isoglosses in two maps, i.e. in one map they have marked the areas where people speak in dialect and, in the other, where standard language was used. Meanwhile, the participants of the second project in their drawn maps related the linguistic homeland with other locations due to the similarity (or simultaneity) of expression. They also had to draw the maps of standard language and, in addition, localise 8 text-stimuli given to them for assessment which contained the 14–19 seconds fragments of spontaneous speech representing various regiolectic zones.To summarise the obtained results, it should be claimed that etic and emic discourses should be essentially related to the cause and effect factor. The narrative of an ordinary member of language community not only reveals the specific interior relationships but is also affected from outside. Such an insight is determined by the interaction between the created dialecticity of a locality and the dialecticity of localities legitimated in scientific discourse.The results obtained in both projects on perceptual dialectology show that the dialecticity of a locality has been constructed on the basis of adequate etic information: it is obvious from the drawn maps that dialecticity is attracted by the localities that are highly dialect-oriented, i.e. the geolectic and regiolectic areas. This assumption is based on the localisation of the text-stimulus having the most distinct features of dialect which confirms that dialect recognition by the ordinary members of language community does not enter into conflict with the researcher's evaluation from outside. Thus it shows that localities do consistently attract the text-stimuli having the most distinct features of dialect.Meanwhile, as a place of dialect levelling, the capital (or any city) accurately correlates with the NORM reflection of traditional dialectology.The paper summarises that it is not clear yet in what ways the constructors of the narrative from inside are affected by the narratives from outside. There is no tradition formed in the works on perceptual dialectology and no adequate methodological instruments have been devised which might help to find out the sources of knowledge, images and attitudes of the ordinary members of language community. Hence, in order to more clearly describe the relationship between the narrative of a researcher and that of an ordinary member of language community it would be reasonable to move an additional step forward – to expand the instrumentarium and methods of research by including the reflections of the ordinary members of language community regarding the knowledge, images and attitudes that they possess in the field of dialecticity. Thus a new perspective in dialectology should be initiated.

scholarly journals Nahw Wajh Jadīd: al-Muḥāwala fī Tarsīkh Maqāṣid al-Sunna al-Nabawiyya bi Indūnīsiyā [Toward a New Perspective: An Attempt in Strenghtening Maqāṣid al-Sunnah in Indonesia]

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Abdul Mufid
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
The Past ◽  
National Life ◽  
New Perspective

The notion that the Qur'an is always relevant all the time and space can also be applied to hadith. Its due to hadith itself, in fact, is an embodiment of Qur’anic teachings which means it comes from God’s revelation-Allah directly. Therefore, the slogan should not only be comprehended on rhetoric limitation, but rather be applied in religious life, national life, and state of life regularly. Considering the length of time and space in which starting from the emergence of Hadith until nowadays, of course, the gap between the hadith and the reader space was founded. Furthermore, added with the dark stories and dark histories in the past such as the phenomenon of hadith forgery, of course, it adds to the tension and the extent of the gap. According to the fact as mentioned, lead the researcher to conduct this study. Moreover, as a form of problem-solving to minimize the gaps, it really necessary attempts. Maintaining the values of hadith and the main objectives of hadith is the answer that can be pursued through two important attempts, there are: The first one is contextualization and revitalization of the hadith message. This step is carried out to reveal the fundamental message of the hadith in order to answer the gap as well as a bridge time and space, and the second one is applying it to the ulumul hadith principles, such as asbabul wurud and also is influenced with local wisdom. Furthermore, the scope of this study not only limited to focusing on studying the reconstruction of interpretations of hadith but also includes information on how to produce meaning and apply the concept of contextualization of the hadith's message. In addition, studying of how to explain the contextualization of hadith with the context of contemporary Indonesia through the reinterpretation and reproduction of the meanings of three phenomena; 1) the unification of the hijriyah calendar in Indonesia, 2) the reading of sighat ta'liq for the bridegroom, and 3) the inheritance of different religions.

Internationalisation patterns of border firms: speed and embeddedness perspectives

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva J.B. Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
International Entrepreneurship ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Start Up ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Born Again ◽  
International Venture ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide new insight concerning a relatively understudied phenomenon in the medium sized enterprise (SME) internationalisation and international entrepreneurship literature; the internationalisation of firms crossing the border to only one adjacent foreign country. These firms are called border firms. This study explores the variety of internationalisation patterns of border firms. Design/methodology/approach – The study is based on theoretical perspectives related to speed of internationalisation and country embeddedness, and uses empirical data from seven Norwegian case companies operating across the border between Norway and Russia. Findings – Three different internationalisation patterns of border firms are empirically identified and described; an early single-country path, a born-again border path and a born border path. Then, a model of the distinctive cross-border pathway is developed. Research limitations/implications – Several limitations of this study have implications for further research, such as sample size and setting, the new perspective on country embeddedness and questions related to generalisation of the findings. Practical implications – The study has implications for both entrepreneurs and policy-makers. It demonstrates that internationalisation is not always about “going global” and is sometimes simply a matter of “hopping” across the nearest border. The model demonstrates different possible patterns for how to achieve or support this in practice. Originality/value – This study contributes to theory-building in the field of SME internationalisation and international entrepreneurship in three ways. First, it identifies and defines an interesting but neglected type of international venture; border firms. Second, it explores the different start-up patterns of these firms, their speed and embeddedness. Third, it offers a theoretical framework of the distinct cross-border pathway of internationalisation.

Naturalizing Borderlands in Time and Space: Imperial Frontiers and Historical Indigeneities in the America

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia - Radding
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Arid Lands ◽  
Ethnic Identities ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Research Experiences ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
Northwestern Mexico ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

Resumo: o artigo integra os conceitos de áreas de fronteiras ecológicas e culturais com os de fronteiras imperiais, bem como a criação e a emergência de identidades étnicas por meio de processos históricos de colonialismo e resiliência. As ideias apresentadas aqui fluem das experiências da autora em suas investigações nos ambientes áridos do noroeste do México e nas terras baixas subtropicais do Oriente da Bolívia, completadas por um resumo da literatura histórica e antropológica do Norte e Sul da América. Palavras-chave: Fronteiras. Inidanidade. Ambiente. Paisagens produzidas por humanos. Abstract: this article brings together the concepts of ecological and cultural borderlands with imperial frontiers and the emergence of ethnic identities through historical processes of colonialism and resilience. The discussion flows from the author’s own research experiences in the arid lands of northwestern Mexico and the subtropical lowlands of eastern Bolivia and a review of the literature for both North and South America. Keywords: Borderlands. Indigeneity. Environment. Humanly crafted landscapes.

Historicizing Race, Ethnicity, and the Crisis of Citizenship in Sudan and South Sudan

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-606
Author(s):  
Amir Idris
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
State Formation ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
South Sudan ◽  
Ethnic Identities ◽  
Discursive Construction ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Race Ethnicity

This article critically outlines the discursive construction of racial and ethnic identities in Sudan and South Sudan, arguing its legacy is essential to understand the entanglement of state-formation, nationalism, citizenship, and political violence in both countries. Race and ethnicity were central to the colonial, nationalist, and postcolonial projects of inventing the "North" and the "South" as self-contained entities, and the politicization of race and ethnicity after independence is largely a product of "Orientalizing" cultural differences through colonial administrative rules and postcolonial policies.

SREM observation of the interaction between the in-situ deposited Pd small particles and MgO cleavage surface

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 382-383
Author(s):  
H.-J. Ou
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Small Particle ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
Cleavage Surface ◽  
Metallic Particles ◽  
Microscopy Technique ◽  
Ceramic Surfaces ◽  
Reflection Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Perspective

The understanding of the interactions between the small metallic particles and ceramic surfaces has been studied by many catalyst scientists. We had developed Scanning Reflection Electron Microscopy technique to study surface structure of MgO hulk cleaved surface and the interaction with the small particle of metals. Resolutions of 10Å has shown the periodic array of surface atomic steps on MgO. The SREM observation of the interaction between the metallic particles and the surface may provide a new perspective on such processes.

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