African Studies and Training in West Germany

1963 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Taylor Cole
Keyword(s):  
Late Summer ◽  
West Germany ◽  
African Studies ◽  
Liaison Committee ◽  
Secure Information ◽  
American Council On Education ◽  
Foreign Office ◽  
The Status ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
And Training

During the spring of 1962, the Africa Liaison Committee of the American Council on Education authorized me to secure information on the status of African studies and training in Germany. Toward this end, I visited on two occasions in the late summer and early fall of 1962 a number of German organizations, institutes, and universities. My work in Germany was facilitated by the cooperation of the German Foreign Office, which arranged for my itinerary while in the Bonn area, and by the encouragement of President Heinrich Luebke of the German Federal Republic. In this brief report, I list and describe the work of the most important agencies and organizations which were engaged in 1962 in research on Africa, particularly south of the Sahara, and in the training of Africans. Special consideration will be given to some of the developments and problems in the universities.

Clergy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Hill QC
Keyword(s):  
Employment Status ◽  
Church Of England ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Church ◽  
And Training

This chapter focuses on the clergy of the Church of England. It first explains the process of selection and training for deacons and priests, along with their ordination, functions, and duties. It then considers the status and responsibilities of incumbents, patronage, and presentation of a cleric to a benefice, and suspension of presentation. It also examines the institution, collation, and induction of a presentee as well as unbeneficed clergy such as assistant curates and priests-in-charge of parishes, the authority of priests to officiate under the Extra-Parochial Ministry Measure, the right of priests to hold office under Common Tenure, and the role of visitations in maintaining the discipline of the Church. The chapter concludes with a discussion of clergy retirement and removal, employment status of clergy, vacation of benefices, group and team ministries, and other church appointments including rural or area deans, archdeacons, diocesan bishops, suffragan bishops, and archbishops.

scholarly journals Decrease in Enteroviral Meningitis - An Unexpected Benefit of COVID-19 Mitigation?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kami D Kies ◽  
Amber S Thomas ◽  
Matthew J Binnicker ◽  
Kelli L Bashynski ◽  
Robin Patel
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Clinical Microbiology ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Testing Data ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
Enteroviral Meningitis

Abstract Enteroviral meningitis is seasonal, typically exhibiting a rise in prevalence in late summer/early fall. Based on clinical microbiology laboratory testing data of cerebrospinal fluid, the expected August/September/October peak in enteroviral meningitis did not occur in 2020, possibly related to COVID-19 mitigation strategies.

scholarly journals A biodiversity hotspot for Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) in North America: annotated species checklist for Ottawa, Canada

ZooKeys ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 633 ◽  
pp. 1-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Fernandez-Triana ◽  
Caroline Boudreault ◽  
Joel Buffam ◽  
Ronald Maclean
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
Two Peaks ◽  
Annotated Checklist ◽  
First Time

Microgastrinae wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from the city of Ottawa and its surroundings (a 50-km radius circle, ~7,800 km2) were studied based on 1,928 specimens collected between 1894 and 2010, and housed in the Canadian National Collection of Insects. A total of 158 species from 21 genera were identified, which is by far the highest number of species ever recorded for a locality in North America. An annotated checklist of species is provided.Choerasparasitellae(Bouché, 1834) andPholetesornanus(Reinhard, 1880) are recorded for the first time in the Nearctic (previously only known from the Palearctic region),Cotesiadepressa(Viereck, 1912) is recorded for the first time in Canada (previously only known from the United States), andCotesiahemileucae(Riley, 1881) andProtapantelesphlyctaeniae(Muesebeck, 1929) are recorded for the first time in the province of Ontario. In Ottawa the most diverse genera areCotesia,Apanteles,Microplitis,Pholetesor,Microgaster, andDolichogenidea, altogether comprising 77% of the species found in the area. A total of 73 species (46%) were represented by only one or two specimens, suggesting that the inventory for Ottawa is still relatively incomplete. Seasonal distribution showed several peaks of activity, in spring, summer, and early fall. That general pattern varied for individual species, with some showing a single peak of abundance either in the summer or towards the end of the season, others species attaining two peaks, in late spring and late summer, or in early summer and early fall, and yet others attaining up to three different peaks, in spring, summer and fall. At least 72 of the Microgastrinae species from Ottawa have been previously associated with 554 species of Lepidoptera as hosts – but those historical literature records are not always reliable and in many cases are based on data from areas beyond Ottawa. Thus, our knowledge of the associations between the 158 species of microgastrine parasitoids and the caterpillars of the 2,064 species of Lepidoptera recorded from Ottawa is still very incomplete.

scholarly journals Changes in historical typhoid transmission across 16 U.S. cities, 1889-1931: Quantifying the impact of investments in water and sewer infrastructures

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maile T. Phillips ◽  
Katharine A. Owers ◽  
Bryan T. Grenfell ◽  
Virginia E. Pitzer
Keyword(s):  
Late Summer ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Sewer Systems ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
Sanitation Systems ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTBackgroundInvestments in water and sanitation systems are believed to have led to the decline in typhoid fever in developed countries, such that most cases now occur in regions lacking adequate clean water and sanitation. Exploring seasonal and long-term patterns in historical typhoid mortality in the United States can offer deeper understanding of disease drivers.MethodsWe fit modified Time-series Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered models to city-level weekly mortality counts to estimate seasonal and long-term typhoid transmission. We examined seasonal transmission separately by city and aggregated by water source. We fit regression models to measure associations between long-term transmission and financial investments in water and sewer systems.ResultsTyphoid transmission peaked in late summer/early fall. Seasonality varied by water source, with the greatest variation occurring in cities with reservoirs. Historical $1 per capita ($25.80 in 2017) investments in construction and operation of water and sewer systems were associated with 8-53% decreases in typhoid transmission, while $1 increases in total value or debt accrued to maintain them were associated with 4-7% decreases.ConclusionOur findings aid in the understanding of typhoid transmission dynamics and potential impacts of water and sanitation improvements, and can inform cost-effectiveness analyses of interventions to reduce the typhoid burden.

Macroinfauna of Northern New England marine sand. IV. Infaunal ecology of Amphiporeia virginiana Shoemaker, 1933 (Crustacea: Amphipoda)

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 1511-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P. Hager ◽  
Robert A. Croker
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
New England ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Population Fluctuations ◽  
Marine Sand ◽  
Annual Population ◽  
Early Fall

Amphiporeia virginiana occurs from Nova Scotia to South Carolina where it is a dominant inhabitant of high energy sand beaches. Maximum abundance occurs on the lower foreshore in fine sand particularly during summer months. Within-habitat segregation of sexes occurs, with females more abundant at higher beach levels; ovigerous females are confined to higher levels only. Annual population fluctuations of up to 14-fold on a geometric basis are related to life history events and sedimentary changes. Breeding occurs during most of the year with peak recruitment during June and late summer to early fall, yielding summer and overwintering generations. Precopulating animals are commonly seen swimming, with two males per female occasionally evident. Females produce a mean of 6–11 eggs during the year and have one brood per breeding period. The species is a detritivore and generally inhabits the upper 2.5 cm of sand. It is most tolerant of salinities in the range of 25–35‰; mortality increases rapidly in salinities less than 20‰, and in sediments containing less than 11% water by weight exposed to temperatures simulating hot summer days.

A Welcoming Wilderness

Ethnologies ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 49-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly Everett
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Geographical Knowledge ◽  
Food Stores ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Moral Uncertainty ◽  
Tourism Product ◽  
Iconic Image ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
Wild Berries

Abstract Wild berries have long been integral to Newfoundlanders’ and Labradorians’ food stores. Berry picking remains an important late summer and early fall activity, combining traditional, geographical knowledge with material culture, foodways and custom. Berries may also be Newfoundland and Labrador’s most successful culinary tourism product to date, combining attributes of health, wilderness and resourcefulness. Whereas ethical and moral uncertainty or conviction precludes many tourists from trying seal products, and health concerns prevent the enjoyment of regional favorites such as fish and chips, berries offer visitors a window into local culture beyond reproach. Reifying the text and images of national and provincial tourist literature emphasizing the area’s “outdoor nature product,” the berries serve as an iconic image of a resourceful people intimately connected to a bountiful, welcoming wilderness.

Police Selection and Training in West Germany

1986 ◽  
pp. 267-271
Author(s):  
Knud Buchmann ◽  
Reinhold Korbmacher
Keyword(s):  
West Germany ◽  
Police Selection ◽  
And Training
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