‘The Old Work’ at the Roman Public Baths at Wroxeter

1966 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-239
Author(s):  
Graham Webster ◽  
Paul Woodfield
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
The North ◽  
Public Baths ◽  
Northern Side ◽  
The Town

The Public Baths in the Roman town of Viroconium, the tribal centre of the Cornovii, have long attracted the attention of the antiquary through the miraculous preservation above ground of a length of walling. This is in fact one of the only three substantial portions of walls of Roman civil buildings in Britain which have survived the stone robbers of medieval and later times. The other two, the Mint Wall at Lincoln and the Jewry Wall at Leicester must owe their survival to being incorporated in later buildings in the middle of a medieval town. But at Wroxeter ‘The Old Work’, as it has been called since Camden's time, stands today as it has stood for centuries in the midst of cornfields. Why this wall should have stood while others were demolished and even their foundations grubbed out must remain a problem. It was clearly a place to begin excavations and Thomas Wright records that ‘on the 3rd February 1859 a pit was sunk against the northern side of the ‘Old Wall’. His excavation developed to the north and revealed the long basilican hall which can now be recognized as the palaestra of the Baths, although at the time this was not fully understood. Indeed after further work by G. E. Fox and W. H. St. John Hope in 1896 and 1899, summarized by F. Haverfield, the identification of this as the Basilica or lawcourts of the town persisted.

scholarly journals Late antique domus in Skelani (Municipium Malvesiatium)

Starinar ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 197-220
Author(s):  
Nadezda Gavrilovic-Vitas ◽  
Bojan Popovic
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Architectural Elements ◽  
The North ◽  
Wall Heating ◽  
North Western ◽  
Main Entrance ◽  
Archaeological Excavations

During June and July 2014, at the site of Zadruzni Dom in Skelani, archaeological investigations of the late antique building were carried out, whose rooms were first discovered in the course of archaeological excavations in 2008. The building has a rectangular base, of a northeast-southwest orientation, with the discovered part measuring 20.90 x 30.90 m. What is distinguishable within the asymmetrical base is an entrance, along with eleven rooms, two of which have apses, and a peristyle, i.e. an inner courtyard with a roofed corridor surrounding it which connects all the rooms of the building. During the archaeological excavations, entrance thresholds and extremely well preserved mortar floors with mortar skirting were noted in most rooms, along with traces of fresco painting on the walls and mosaic floors, executed in the opus tesselatum technique, observed in several rooms, the peristyle and the encompassing corridor. The discovered mosaic fragments are decorated with geometric motifs in the form of a swastika, a Solomon?s knot, a square, a rhomboid, overlapping circles, etc. and floral motifs of ivy and petals, as well as a double braid motif. Small but, unfortunately, fragmented pieces of a mosaic with a figural representation were discovered in the central part of the peristyle, while the mosaic in room K was decorated with a motif portraying the winged head of Medusa. Two construction phases were noted, an older and a younger, with the walls, which were two Roman feet wide and built from dressed stone, and the older mortar floor belonging to the older construction phase, and the second, younger construction phase comprising mosaics, fresco painting, the younger mortar floor and two furnaces. Contemplating the planimetry of the building, one gets the impression of the rooms being divided between two parts - public and private, whereby the public part of the building would be located near the main entrance hall and would comprise rooms A, B, C, D and F, with mortar floors and traces of fresco painting on the walls. The other, possibly private, part of the building would include five rooms G, H, I, J and K and the inner courtyard. Rooms I, J and K had floor and wall heating, while rooms G and H had an arched apse and possibly functioned as a reception hall and/or a stibadium. The hallway with mosaics, which flanks the inner courtyard, was most likely roofed. Traces of burning in the north-western corridor testify to the destruction of the building in a fire. Based on the architectural elements and the traces of fresco painting and mosaics in the building at the site of Zadruzni Dom in Skelani, it can be deduced that this is a late antique building which can roughly be dated to the period between the end of the 3rd and the mid-4th century AD, and whose lavish decoration implies that it was owned by an affluent resident of Skelani from the aforementioned period.

Bad Roads Are Good for Baikal

Sacred Sea ◽  
2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Thomson
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Migratory Fish ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
The South ◽  
Wood Stove ◽  
Gravel Beds ◽  
The Road ◽  
The North ◽  
North Bank ◽  
The Town

The Barguzin River flows out of the Barguzin Mountains, through the town of Barguzin and then the coastal community of Ust-Barguzin before it finally loses itself in a broad cove of Baikal known as Barguzin Bay. The only way across the river for miles upstream from the lake is a ramshackle little wooden ferry with a tiny, corrugated steel shed with a wood stove in it and room on its deck for about half a dozen cars. The ferry slips noiselessly away from the end of the road on the south bank, and looking west toward the lake, two ghostly, rusting timber loading cranes loom on the horizon while the river spills over into a grassy marsh on its north bank. Turning back to the east, there’s a small motorboat laboring to get upstream—laboring because it’s attached to a tow rope, which is attached to the ferry. The ferry, it turns out, is just a hapless little barge, at the mercy of the river without the guidance of the motorboat pilot on the other end of the towline. Our crossing takes less than five minutes, and connected to it by nothing but that single strand, the pilot directs the barge into place perfectly on the far side. But the deckhand fails to secure it, the ferry swings wide in the current, spins ninety degrees, and slams butt-end into the dock. The pilot scowls as he turns the motorboat around and uses its blunt bow, covered in a tractor tire, to push the barge back into place, where the deckhand finally lashes it to the dock. The Barguzin is Baikal’s third largest tributary, after the Selenga to the south of here and the Upper Angara to the north. It carries about six percent of the water flowing into the lake, along with migratory fish like omul and sturgeon, born in the shallow gravel beds upriver before wandering downstream to spend most of their lives in the lake. And even though it flows through only two towns between its headwaters and the lake, the Barguzin carries a significant pollution load into Baikal, as well, especially organic chemicals from timber operations.

Grim's Bank, Padworth, Berkshire

Antiquity ◽  
1943 ◽  
Vol 17 (68) ◽  
pp. 188-195
Author(s):  
B. H. St. J. O'Neil
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Present Writer ◽  
Recent Past ◽  
The West ◽  
The Road ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern Side ◽  
Western Side

The immediate environs of Silchester consist of fields, which are either now under plough or else have been arable for many years in the recent past. Consequently there are few, if any, traces there of the Roman roads which led from the various gates to Dorchester, Speen and Cirencester, Sarum, Winchester, and London. A mile or more to the north and northwest of the Roman town, however, there is a belt of land, which is largely heathland except where trees have been planted. Here there are clear indications of the line of two Roman roads, one from the west gate, west-northwest to Speen and Cirencester, the other from the north gate to Dorchester (Oxon.)The road to Speen (FIG. I) was formerly thought to follow closely the modern road along the northern side of Silchester Common and thence to run along the straight county boundary between Berkshire and Hampshire. In recent years, however, Mr O. G. S. Crawford has shown that the road, instead of following this traditional line, ran west-northwestward to cross the river Kennet near Brimpton Mill. It is traceable as a raised camber or a deep hollow way from Catthaw Lands Copse, about half-a-mile from the west gate of Silchester, to the western side of Hungry Hill. Further west, in Decoy Plantation, and again beyond the road from Padworth Common, i.e. in Keyser's Plantation, it is clearly seen as a broad cambered way (o.s. 641-1. Berkshire XLIV, SE, Hampshire IV, SE). Beyond this point the present writer has not followed it, but Mr Crawford has noted its continuation.

scholarly journals XI.—Notes on the Geology of the Eildon Hills, in Roxburghshire

1853 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-217
Author(s):  
James D. Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Eastern Slope ◽  
The West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
North Bank ◽  
The Town

The following remarks, being the result of a careful examination of a small district of country characteristic of the relations of the trap formations, are perhaps worthy of being recorded; although the general features of the county of Roxburgh have been very clearly stated in a paper by Mr Milne, published in the 15th volume of the Edinburgh Transactions.The outburst of porphyritic trap forming the conspicuous small group of the Eildon Hills, may be stated to be surrounded by the characteristic greywacke of the south of Scotland. It forms an elongated patch on the map, extending from the west end of Bowden Muir in the direction of the town of Selkirk, and running from west-south-west to east-north-east (true) towards Bemerside Hill, on the north bank of the Tweed. The breadth is variable, probably less than is generally supposed; but it cannot be accurately ascertained, owing to the accumulated diluvium which covers the whole south-eastern slope of this elevated ridge. On this account, my observations on the contact of rocks have been almost entirely confined to the northern and western boundaries of the trap, although the other side was examined with equal care.

A Moated Mound at Abingdon, Berks.

1934 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Preston
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Present State ◽  
The South ◽  
Ordnance Survey ◽  
Ordinary Water ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Good State ◽  
Northern Side ◽  
The Town

About 80 yds. to the north-east of an old house known as ‘Fitzharry's’ on the northern outskirts of the town of Abingdon is an early Norman moated mound in a good state of preservation. The mound is formed by the upcast of the encircling ditch and is covered with trees; it is roughly circular in shape, the axis from north to south measuring about 78 ft. and from west to east about 68 ft. At present the mound stands up about 10 ft. above the ordinary water-level. The moat is still (except in times of drought) filled with water supplied by an adjacent streamlet, an arm of which formerly appears to have entered the moat on the northern side. This entrance has since partly silted up but is plainly discernible. After flowing through the moat, the water rejoined the original stream at the south-east corner. The exit and the intake form at present only one channel. Originally there were separate channels. The mound and moat duly appear on the Ordnance Survey plans of 1875, and to the east is a tongue of land which may have served as a rudimentary bailey; in its present state it is roughly pear-shaped and much smaller than most of the known examples of the Norman bailey. On the further face of this tongue the streamlet surrounding it widens out considerably. Originally both the mound and the tongue were entirely enclosed by water, which, pursuing its course, descended through the town and fell into the Thames at Abingdon Bridge. On its way the streamlet served till recent times as a parish boundary.

scholarly journals Pengetahuan Kearifan Lokal dalam Bercocok Tanam (Nuan-Nuan) Suku Karo di Desa Keling Kecamatan Merdeka Kabupaten Karo

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Rosramadhana Rosramadhana ◽  
Lidesty Natalia Zipora Sembiring ◽  
Nurul Atika ◽  
Kartika Sari ◽  
Musdiani Silalahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
The North ◽  
Good Product ◽  
The Village

Local wisdom of planting into a legacy of the ancestral of the ancients. The knowledge traditional in gardening who often ignored when the knowledge of modern came and considered better. However, the public tribes if who inhabit the district independent and ethnicity Karo others in the district Karo still use that knowledge that have inherited by their parents were in to support activities of planting or gardening. Without refused and ignore the knowledge of modern also often in socialitation by local governments to them, the knowledge of local also keep doing and retained. The knowledge of traditional still applied by tribes Karo in the region turns into a background of the estate they can still provide the best to meet the needs of their daily, even also can give contributed to the needs of food in the district curry and in the North Sumatera of the other. Using the research kualitatif and teachnique collecting file thourgh of observation. Interviews are not structure and analysis etnografi as well as the domain. This study give experience the knowledge of the local wisdom in planting of nuan-nuan in the village Keling district Karo free. It turns out the knowledge that they had that is the legacy of their ancestors there are some who still can be used and used of planting that the produce a good product plants

scholarly journals The income tax of the Antamina mining company and its impact on the mining canon for the social development from the San Marcos district betweem 2014 - 2017 [El impuesto a la renta de la minera Antamina y su impacto en el canon minero para el desarrollo social del distrito de San Marcos entre 2014 - 2017]

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-65
Author(s):  
Rosario Violeta Grijalva Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
The State ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Mining Company ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
The North ◽  
The Social ◽  
San Marcos ◽  
The Town

This research demonstrated the important contribution of mining to the welfare of communities, emphasizing its disproportionate contribution in terms of taxes and other payments to the state. Taking into account that the state, through the public treasury, is in charge of administering, disposing and distributing. At the same time, the execution of expenses is done inefficiently and wasted by the capacity of the sector's institutions, so a deep evaluation should be made, since such contribution of the mining companies is important for the social welfare of the communities, because they are in total poverty. There is discontent in the communities that are involved in the conflicts of income distribution resulting from the extractive companies and there is inequality in the distribution of income in the provinces and districts. In Peru, mining companies have been sources of wealth and rational enrichment where the population is involved, so mining companies have become involved in the environment contamination in the different departments. Peru is rich in minerals, due to the development of mining activities in various regions, so It will only study the provinces of Ancash. Some of the districts are San Maquino is located to the east of the Mosna river, province of Huari. To the north is the Carash River. The town of San Marcos is right where the Carash flows into the Mosna. The Carash basin, where there are several communities including Ango Raju and Carhuayoc, is therefore directly linked to the mining activities of Antamina associated with the arrival of the mining canon fraction of income tax paid by Antamina that suddenly and dramatically increased the municipal coffers so that the Municipality of San Marcos and provinces and other districts there are no improvements in roads, education and sanitation.

I.—On some Buildings of the Romano-British Period discovered at Clanville, near Andover, and on a deposit of Pewter Vessels of the same period found at Appleshaw, Hants. With Appendixes

Archaeologia ◽  
1898 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Engleheart ◽  
Charles H. Read ◽  
William Gowland
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
North West ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
The North ◽  
Western Border ◽  
The One ◽  
Point Of Intersection ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Town ◽  
North Western

In the immediate neighbourhood of my house in the village of Appleshaw, on the north-western border of Hampshire, the sites are unusually close together of those dwellings of the Romano-British period which are, with a certain vagueness, termed Roman villas. Appleshaw is distant five miles north-west from Andover; one mile north of Andover two Roman roads intersect, the one running from Old Sarum north-easterly to Silchester, the other from Winchester north-westerly to Cirencester. At Finkley, close to the point of intersection, pottery and other Roman material has from time to time been unearthed, and the locality is one of those which have, by a somewhat unconvincing reference to the Antonine itinerary and to etymology, been identified with the unascertained site of Vindomis. Imagine these two roads at their crossing to stand like an upright capital X over the town of Andover, with that town in the lowest angle; my own nearer neighbourhood will lie in the western or left-hand angle. Three-quarters of a mile east of my house is the lately-examined site upon which I have to report particularly this evening. One mile north and a little west (all the distances mentioned are measured in radius from my house) is a villa on the Redenham estate, excavated some fifty years back by Sir John Pollen, the landowner. It appears that no plans were made and no record kept.

scholarly journals XX. Identifications in the Region of Kapilavastu

1906 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-580
Author(s):  
W. Vost
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
The Buddha ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town

Do the Chinese pilgrims know two cities named Kapilavastu?Certain discords and bearings in the itineraries of the pilgrims are discussed in the Prefatory Note to Antiquities in the Tarai, Nepal, and from them it is inferred there were two cities named Kapilavastu; one the city visited by Fa-hsien, now represented by the ruins at Piprāhavā; the other that described by Yuan Chwang, of which the “royal precincts” are found in Tilaurā Koṭ, some ten miles to the north-west of Piprāhavā. Paltā Devī is held to mark the site of the town either of the Buddha Krakucandra or of the Buddha Koṇāgamana; or Sisaniā Pānḍe may represent the town of Koṇāgamana. Guṭihavā is believed to represent the site of the famous Nyagrodha grove.

Women Members of European Parliaments

1926 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alzada Comstock
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Women Legislators ◽  
The Public ◽  
The North ◽  
The World ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Rose Macaulay

Rose Macaulay, among others, has said that “women are always news.” When all else fails, murders, suicides, and divorce cases, journalists can still propound some such question as “can a woman drive a car as well as a man?” and they are sure of a hearing.If it were not for the eternal interest of the public in women as women, women in parliaments would no longer be news. In these last few years there have been nearly a hundred sitting in the various parliaments of Europe, and now and then even the newspapers have shown signs of forgetting that they are there.There is something odd about the geographical position of the countries in which these women members, deputies and senators, are to be found. They exist in a fringe around the north and east of Europe. France, Italy, Spain, and the other countries along the Mediterranean are out of it entirely. Upon closer analysis the situation grows even more mysterious. To find the group of women legislators of longest standing, one must go up beyond the Scandinavian countries, to the Finns, who live farther north than any other civilized people in the world. There are nearly twenty women in the Finnish parliament, and one of them has served her fifth three-year term.

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