The East in the West

1997 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Goody
Keyword(s):  
Modern World ◽  
Industrial Capitalism ◽  
Family Participation ◽  
The West

Sociological and historical enquiry in Europe has had as a continuing pre-occupation the problem of the Uniqueness of the West, the search for factors that can be held responsible for its achievements in the modern world and in particular the emergence of industrial capitalism. That search has led to a devaluation of the East and consequently a mistaken self-understanding of the West. This article attempts to outline the problem with regard to rationality, commercial literacy (book-keeping), mercantile enterprise and family participation in such activity.

Main Trends of Global Development: Its Reality and Prospects

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
Alexander N. Chumakov
Keyword(s):  
Social Systems ◽  
Global Strategy ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The West ◽  
West China ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Current State ◽  
Global World ◽  
World Development

Abstract The article analyzes the main parameters of the modern world development, its architectonics and the most important development trends. Modern communications and principles of interaction of various social systems are also considered. As a result, the most significant cultural-cum-civilizational systems are distinguished – the West, China, the Islamic world and Russia, which represent four global trends or four vectors of power that fundamentally affect the current state and prospects of world development. It is emphasized that the West and China have a global strategy, provided by objective circumstances. The Islamic world and Russia occupy an important geopolitical position and also have a special status in the global world.

scholarly journals Narrative Realism at the Interplay of Traditionality and Modernity in Ousmane Sembene’s God’s Bits of Woods and Ngugi wa Thiong’o’s The River Between

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Moustapha Ndour
Keyword(s):  
Western Culture ◽  
West African ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The West ◽  
Cultural Effects ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Realist Novels ◽  
African Community ◽  
British Colonial ◽  
And Control

This paper articulates the interactions between a traditional and modern world as embodied by the colonizer and the colonized, focusing on Ousmane Sembène’s God’s Bits of Woods (1960) and Ngugi wa Thiong’o’s The River Between (1965). It argues that both narratives can be read as realist novels that counter the hegemonic power of the European empire. While Sembène engages in critiquing imperialism and its social and cultural effects in the West African community –Senegal, Mali and Niger – Ngugi concentrates on the internal problems of the Gikuyu as they respond to the contact with the Western culture. The essay claims that the sociopolitical agendas in these novels should be understood within the context of French and British colonial regimes concerned with finding a legitimizing basis and control in an era when social and political forces of the colonies were energetically asserting themselves.

“Oil Weapon” in the Third and Fourth Arab-Israeli Wars

2010 ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
K. Belousova
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Output Level ◽  
The West ◽  
Base Materials ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Ties ◽  
And Control ◽  
First Time

In the modern world, energetic base materials, and especially petroleum connections, with their hubs, streams and directions, are much closer than economic ties. The history of relationship between oil-producing countries and the leading powers of the West became especially vivid during the Arab-Israeli wars of 1967 and 1973. The attempts of "petroleum weapon" employment in 1967, under the weight of radical Arab regimes and local population against the U.S. and West-European countries (Israel's allies), failed owing to a two-faced position of Saudi Arabia and other oil-producing Arab countries. During the Arab-Israeli war of 1973, the "petroleum weapon" had more serious consequences for the West. For once the Arabs were acting more in concert. Oil-importing countries realized their economic exposure. For the first time the Arab countries started to determine their oil output level and control its price assessment. In this way, the war of 1973 and its consequences created the new phenomenon: the oil prices dynamics came to be integrated with politics in the Middle East.

The Roman Achievement

1959 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
William Beare
Keyword(s):  
Technological Advance ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Intellectual Curiosity ◽  
Science And Literature ◽  
The West ◽  
Art And Science ◽  
New Birth ◽  
The City

It was in Istanbul, shortly after the anti-Greek riots of 1955, that some of us, who had met there to attend the Congress of Byzantine Studies, or some other conference, fell to talking about Rome, the Roman record, the Roman civilization. There, among the melon-carts and the Cadillacs, we thought of the darker side of Roman rule—the lack of intellectual curiosity, the indifference to technological advance, the blight of rhetoric, the cruelty, the vulgarity, and everything summed up by Haverfield as ‘the heavy inevitable atmosphere of the Roman material civilization’. And, having said all that, we began to reflect that this was perhaps a partial and an unworthy view of a people who, to mention nothing else, had preserved for our world the Greek heritage. There we were in Istanbul, Constantinople, the New Rome created by the Old Rome to be a world capital, the city which had preserved its Graeco-Roman traditions through the thousand years that separate antiquity from the modern world, and at the last had handed them back to the West and so made possible the new birth of art and science and literature.

On Universal History

1957 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-266
Author(s):  
E. Harris Harbison
Keyword(s):  
Modern World ◽  
Historical Writing ◽  
The West ◽  
Universal History ◽  
The World ◽  
Changing World

The problem of how to conceive and write “universal history” A is increasingly haunting the imaginations and troubling the consciences of historians in the West. We live in one world, but our historiography is still national, or at most regional. We no longer really believe that piling the known historical facts higher and higher will save us, but we still hopefully support antiquarianism and monographic research. Professional historical writing has thus lost all power to influence the man in the street because its thought-frame is parochial, myopic, and so irrelevant to the modern world. It cannot prepare us to understand the world we live in unless it casts off Leopold von Ranke's Europe-centered mentality and becomes truly “universal” in attitude and perspective. Or so it seems to one particularly articulate British historian, Geoffrey Barraclough, in History in a Changing World, a volume of essays recently published.

Squaring Accounts: Commercial Bookkeeping Methods and Capitalist Rationalism in Late Qing and Republican China

1992 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Gardella
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Industrial Capitalism ◽  
Republican China ◽  
The West ◽  
Late Qing ◽  
Modern Capitalism ◽  
Werner Sombart ◽  
Financial Events

Accounting has been defined as “the art of classifying, recording, and reporting significant financial events to facilitate effective economic activity” (Davidson 1968:14). The description, terse as it is, evokes the image of accounting's role as overseer in the global formation of mercantile and industrial capitalism. According to the historical sociologists Werner Sombart and Max Weber, methodical accounting methods were basic attributes of the development of modern capitalism in the West, and in the West alone. Yet, as Gary Hamilton observes, “uniqueness is a comparative claim, as well as a presumption underlying much historical research” (1985:66–67). In other words, claims of singularity should be redocumented by sound historical comparisons, rather than continually inferred on the basis of conventional wisdom.

The Constitutional Theories of Thomas Paine

1946 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Meng
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Human Values ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Industrial Capitalism ◽  
Common People ◽  
Thomas Paine ◽  
Great Ability ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries ◽  
The Common

The latter half of the eighteenth century was a period of tremendous social, political, and economic fermentation. Much of our contemporary civilization was shaped by the forces released during those five decades. Frenchmen, Englishmen, and Germans of great ability and deserved renown had written and were writing of the rights of man and of the citizen. More than ever before in the history of the modern world thought was being given to the lot of the common people. In America, and later in France, Thomas Paine epitomized this liberal intellectual trend in words that have been adopted as classic expressions of the inherent value of the human personality.Unfortunately, the phenomenal growth of industrial capitalism during he nineteenth and twentieth centuries caused the new bourgeois ruling classes to lose sight of the basic human values stressed so emphatically by the eighteenth-century intellectuals.

scholarly journals The Demonstration of Religious Modernism in Modern Transformational Society: The Crysis of Religion as an Expression of World - Wide Cultural Crisis

wisdom ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Andranik Stepanyan
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The West ◽  
Cultural Crisis ◽  
Religious Crisis

The crisis of religion in modern world, especially in the West, is closely related to thode phenomena that have been taking place in the XX century. Contemporary religious crisis is a demonstration and type of XX century world-wide crisis. 

scholarly journals State of International Development Uneven Progress, Shifting Policy Paradigms and Lessons for Pakistan (The Gustav Ranis Lecture)

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (4I) ◽  
pp. 403-421
Author(s):  
Parvez Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
International Development ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The West ◽  
Rural People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Favourable Environment ◽  
Individual Effort

It is always a pleasure for me to participate in these annual meetings. The knowledge and the talent displayed are immense. The quality of discussion is high. I had never thought however that I would have the honor of delivering the Aalama Iqbal lecture. To prepare for this lecture I read extensively from Iqbal’s poetry. Of course I read in translation, but even so I was overwhelmed by the beauty of the ideas and the expression. My search for an apt couplet or set of lines for this paper was in vain. Iqbal was speaking to his people and although he was expansive in his view of society, it is still not meant for me to carry the word of Iqbal to you. Nevertheless I do display at the beginning of this paper three lines from Iqbal. He is clear on the importance of doing for oneself and for ones country. At least in the modern world ones efforts are so much more productive if government provides a favourable environment for individual effort. And he would embrace the brotherhood of mankind, leaving some potential for us to help each other. He was very clear that learning from the West was desirable, and he was very selective about that—science and technology in particular. My paper is about what government must do, and specifically the government of Pakistan must do, to create an environment in which not just a few gather dew but in which all people gather dew. As soon as ones concern encompasses the bulk of the population food security comes to the fore. My paper can be seen as addressing how all rural people can gather the dew. It has a prominent place for science and technology.

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