scholarly journals Associations between antioxidants and all-cause mortality among US adults with obstructive lung function

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (10) ◽  
pp. 1662-1673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Earl S. Ford ◽  
Chaoyang Li ◽  
Timothy J. Cunningham ◽  
Janet B. Croft
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Β Carotene

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterised by oxidative stress, but little is known about the associations between antioxidant status and all-cause mortality in adults with this disease. The objective of the present study was to examine the prospective associations between concentrations of α- and β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein/zeaxanthin, lycopene, Se, vitamin C and α-tocopherol and all-cause mortality among US adults with obstructive lung function. Data collected from 1492 adults aged 20–79 years with obstructive lung function in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (1988–94) were used. Through 2006, 629 deaths were identified during a median follow-up period of 14 years. After adjustment for demographic variables, the concentrations of the following antioxidants modelled as continuous variables were found to be inversely associated with all-cause mortality among adults with obstructive lung function: α-carotene (P= 0·037); β-carotene (P= 0·022); cryptoxanthin (P= 0·022); lutein/zeaxanthin (P= 0·004); total carotenoids (P= 0·001); vitamin C (P< 0·001). In maximally adjusted models, only the concentrations of lycopene (P= 0·013) and vitamin C (P= 0·046) were found to be significantly and inversely associated with all-cause mortality. No effect modification by sex was detected, but the association between lutein/zeaxanthin concentrations and all-cause mortality varied by smoking status (Pinteraction= 0·048). The concentrations of lycopene and vitamin C were inversely associated with all-cause mortality in this cohort of adults with obstructive lung function.

scholarly journals Impact of smoking status on the efficacy of inhaled corticosteroids in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e037509
Author(s):  
Kimberley Sonnex ◽  
Hanna Alleemudder ◽  
Roger Knaggs
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Steroid Resistance ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

ObjectivesInhaled corticosteroids (ICS) reduce exacerbation rates and the decline in lung function in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There is evidence that smoking causes ‘steroid resistance’ and thus reduces the effect of ICS. This systematic review aimed to investigate the effect of smoking on efficacy of ICS in COPD in terms of lung function and exacerbation rates.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesAn electronic database search of PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase and Cochrane Library (January 2000 to January 2020).Eligibility criteriaFully published randomised controlled trials (RCTs), in the English language, evaluating the use of ICS in COPD adults that stratified the participants by smoking status. Trials that included participants with asthma, lung cancer and pneumonia were excluded. The primary outcome measures were changes in lung function and yearly exacerbation rates.Data extraction and synthesisTwo independent reviewers extracted data and assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool.ResultsSeven studies were identified. Four trials (17 892 participants) recorded change in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) from baseline to up to 30 months after starting treatment. Heavier smokers (>36 pack years) using ICS had a greater decline in FEV1that ranged from −22 mL to −75 mL in comparison to lighter smokers. Smokers using ICS had mixed results in FEV1change: −8 mL to +77 mL in comparison to ex-smokers. Four trials (21 270 participants) recorded difference in COPD exacerbation rates at 52 weeks. The rate ratios favoured more exacerbations in ICS users who were current or heavier smokers than those who were ex-smokers or lighter smokers (0.81 to 0.99 vs 0.92 to 1.29).ConclusionsIn COPD, heavier or current smokers do not gain the same benefit from ICS use on lung function and exacerbation rates as lighter or ex-smokers do, however effects may not be clinically important.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019121833

Association of Plasma Heat Shock Protein 70 with Disease Severity, Smoking and Lung Function of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iva Hlapčić ◽  
Andrea Hulina-Tomašković ◽  
Marija Grdić Rajković ◽  
Sanja Popović-Grle ◽  
Andrea Vukić Dugac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Heat Shock Protein 70 ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients

Abstract Background: Extracellular heat shock protein 70 (eHsp70) acts like a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) and it might modulate immune responses in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of the study was to explore plasma eHsp70 concentration in patients with stable COPD, its association with disease severity and smoking status as well as its diagnostic performance in COPD assessment.Methods: Blood samples were collected from 137 COPD patients and 95 healthy individuals. COPD patients were subdivided into GOLD 2-4 stages based on airflow obstruction severity and GOLD A-D groups regarding symptoms and exacerbations. Concentration of eHsp70 was assessed in EDTA plasma by the commercially available ELISA kit. Statistic analysis was performed by MedCalc statistical software.Results: eHsp70 concentration was increased in COPD patients when compared to controls and was increasing with the severity of airflow limitation as well as symptoms burden and exacerbation history. There were no differences in eHsp70 concentrations among COPD patients based on smoking status, yet eHsp70 was increased in healthy smokers compared to healthy non-smokers. Interestingly, healthy smokers had similar eHsp70 level as COPD patients in GOLD 2 stage and those in GOLD A group. In addition, eHsp70 showed significant negative correlation with lung function parameters FEV1 and FEV1/FVC and positive correlation with COPD multicomponent indices BODCAT, BODEx, CODEx and DOSE. Finally, eHsp70 showed great predictive value (OR=7.63) and correctly classified 76% of cases.Conclusions: Plasma eHsp70 is associated with COPD prediction and disease severity and might have a potential of becoming an additional biomarker in COPD assessment.

scholarly journals Association of Plasma Heat Shock Protein 70 with Disease Severity, Smoking and Lung Function of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iva Hlapčić ◽  
Andrea Hulina-Tomašković ◽  
Marija Grdić Rajković ◽  
Sanja Popović-Grle ◽  
Andrea Vukić Dugac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Heat Shock Protein 70 ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients

Extracellular heat shock protein 70 (eHsp70) might modulate immune responses in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of the study was to explore eHsp70 concentration in stable COPD, its association with disease severity and smoking status as well as its diagnostic performance in COPD assessment. Plasma samples were collected from 137 COPD patients and 95 healthy individuals, and concentration of eHsp70 was assessed by commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (Enzo Life Science, Farmingdale, NY, USA). COPD patients were subdivided regarding airflow obstruction severity and symptoms severity according to the Global Initiative for COPD (GOLD) guidelines. eHsp70 concentration increased in COPD patients when compared to controls and increased with the severity of airflow limitation as well as symptoms burden and exacerbation history. eHsp70 concentration did not differ among COPD patients based on smoking status, yet it increased in healthy smokers compared to healthy nonsmokers. In addition, eHsp70 negatively correlated with lung function parameters forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and FEV1/ forced vital capacity (FVC), and positively with COPD multicomponent indices BODCAT (BMI, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, CAT score), BODEx (BMI, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, previous exacerbations), CODEx (Charlson’s comorbidity index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, previous exacerbations) and DOSE (dyspnea, airflow obstruction, smoking status, previous exacerbations) With great predictive value (OR = 7.63) obtained from univariate logistic regression, eHsp70 correctly classified 76% of cases. eHsp70 is associated with COPD prediction and disease severity and might have the potential for becoming an additional biomarker in COPD assessment.

scholarly journals Novel Association Between Asthma and Osteoarthritis: A Nationwide Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeon-Kyoung Koo ◽  
Pamela Song ◽  
Joo-Hyun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Status ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Comorbid Condition ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Asthma Patients

Abstract Backgrounds: Asthma and osteoarthritis (OA) are medical conditions that disable physical activity and deteriorate patients’ quality of life. Despite the high prevalence, there are limited studies focusing on the comorbid condition and association between asthma and OA. The aim of study was to assess the prevalence and identify the clinical considerations for this special population.Methods: Adult patients aged over 40 years who completed questionnaire assessments and spirometry were enrolled from Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Asthma and OA were defined on the history of doctor-diagnosed disease. Radiographic severities of OA were measured using the Kellgren/Lawrence grading system. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as a comparative respiratory disease was diagnosed on the basis of spirometric results.Results: A total of 9344 subjects were enrolled, and the prevalence of asthma and COPD were 4.6%±0.3% and 12.0%±0.5%, respectively. The prevalence of OA in the asthma group was 31.9%±2.8%, which was significantly higher than those in the COPD (17.8%±1.5%) or control (16.2%±0.6%) groups. OA was more prevalent in asthma patients after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and smoking status (OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.27-2.13). After further adjustment of this model for prescription of OA medication, OA was still independently associated with asthma (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.10-2.20). In contrast, the relationship of OA medication with asthma was not significant (P=0.64). This relationship was evident in subjects with asthma without airflow limitation measured by spirometry (OR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.32-2.93). Moreover, radiographic severity of knee OA correlated with asthma (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.0-1.21). Conclusions: OA shows a high prevalence in patients with asthma, with the prevalence being higher than that in COPD patients or controls. The comorbid characteristics of these two conditions need to be considered in clinical practice.

Abstract P215: Association Of Lung Function In Mid-life With Central Artery Stiffness Later In Life, The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities Study

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kennedy Peter ◽  
James R Pike ◽  
John Preisser ◽  
Anna Kucharska-newton ◽  
Michelle Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Central Artery ◽  
Artery Stiffness

Introduction: Poor lung function and aortic stiffness often co-occur, but causal and temporal relationships are equivocal. Investigating relationships between mid-life lung function and arterial stiffness later in life may highlight modifiable targets to slow arterial aging. Objective: Assess whether lung function in mid-life is associated with central artery stiffness later in life, and whether this relationship is modified by baseline smoking status, hypertension, or diabetes. Methods: We included 3,529 ARIC cohort participants (60% women; 22% Black; mean baseline age 51.4 (SD: 4.9)) who attended visits 1 (1987-1989) and 5 (2011-2013). Spirometry included forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) of high-quality grades. Central artery stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV)) was measured at visit 5. Associations of mid-life lung function with later-life central artery stiffness (cfPWV>75 th percentile) were evaluated by multivariable Poisson and logistic regressions adjusted for covariates. Sensitivity analyses excluded participants with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease identified from surveillance of hospitalizations occurring in follow up (N=109). Results: Mean FEV1 at visit 1 was 3.04 L (SD: 0.73) and FVC was 3.99 L (SD: 0.96). Lung function varied by thoracic height. Visits 1 and 5 were a mean of 23.8 years apart, and mean cfPWV at visit 5 was 1167 cm/s (SD: 379). Lung function at visit 1 was inversely associated with adjusted prevalence and odds of later cfPWV>75 th percentile among those present at visit 5 (Table). Stratum-specific estimates suggested modification by baseline smoking status, hypertension, and diabetes, but were not nominally statistically different. Sensitivity analyses did not alter inferences. Conclusion: Lung function at mid-life is inversely associated with central artery stiffness in later life. Whether change in mid-life pulmonary function is associated with arterial stiffness later in life warrants further examination.

scholarly journals Novel association between asthma and osteoarthritis: a nationwide health and nutrition examination survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeon-Kyoung Koo ◽  
Pamela Song ◽  
Joo-Hyun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Status ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Comorbid Condition ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Novel Association

Abstract Background Asthma and osteoarthritis (OA) are medical conditions that inhibit physical activity and adversely affect quality of life. Despite the high prevalence, there are limited studies focusing on the comorbid condition and association between asthma and OA. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of OA co-occurring with asthma and to identify the relevant clinical considerations. Methods Adult participants aged over 40 years who completed questionnaire assessments and spirometry tests were enrolled from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Asthma and OA were defined based on the medical history of a diagnosis made by a doctor. Radiographic severities of OA were measured using the Kellgren–Lawrence grading system. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), as a comparative respiratory disease, was diagnosed based on the spirometric results. Results A total of 9344 subjects were enrolled, and the prevalence of asthma and COPD were 4.6% ± 0.3% and 12.0% ± 0.5%, respectively. The prevalence of OA in the asthma group was 31.9% ± 2.8%, which was significantly higher than that in the COPD (17.8% ± 1.5%) or control (16.2% ± 0.6%) groups. OA was more prevalent in patients with asthma after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and smoking status (OR 1.65; 95% CI 1.27–2.13). Furthermore, after adjustment of this model for the prescription of OA medication, OA remained independently associated with asthma (OR 1.56; 95% CI 1.10–2.20). Conversely, the relationship of OA medication with asthma was not significant (P = 0.64). This relationship was evident in patients with asthma without airflow limitation measured by spirometry (OR 1.97; 95% CI 1.32–2.93). Moreover, the radiographic severity of knee OA correlated with asthma (OR 1.10; 95% CI 1.0–‍‍1.21). Conclusions OA shows a high prevalence in patients with asthma, higher than in patients with COPD or the controls. The comorbid characteristics of these two conditions need to be considered in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Lung Function Impairment and the Risk of Incident Dementia: The Rotterdam Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Tian Xiao ◽  
Sara R.A. Wijnant ◽  
Silvan Licher ◽  
Natalie Terzikhan ◽  
Lies Lahousse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Apoe Genotype ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Rotterdam Study ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Incident Dementia ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Impaired Lung Function

Background: The etiology of dementia may partly be underpinned by impaired lung function via systemic inflammation and hypoxia. Objective: To prospectively examine the association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and subclinical impairments in lung function and the risk of dementia. Methods: In the Rotterdam Study, we assessed the risk of incident dementia in participants with Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry (PRISm; FEV1/FVC≥0.7, FEV1 <  80%) and in participants with COPD (FEV1/FVC <  0.7) compared to those with normal spirometry (controls; FEV1/FVC≥0.7, FEV1≥80%). Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95%confidence intervals (CI) for dementia were adjusted for age, sex, education attainment, smoking status, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, triglycerides, comorbidities and Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype. Results: Of 4,765 participants, 110 (2.3%) developed dementia after 3.3 years. Compared to controls, participants with PRISm, but not COPD, had an increased risk for all-type dementia (adjusted HRPRISm 2.70; 95%CI, 1.53–4.75; adjusted HRCOPD 1.03; 95%CI, 0.61–1.74). These findings were primarily driven by men and smokers. Similarly, participants with FVC%predicted values in the lowest quartile compared to those in the highest quartile were at increased risk of all-type dementia (adjusted HR 2.28; 95%CI, 1.31–3.98), as well as Alzheimer’s disease (AD; adjusted HR 2.13; 95%CI, 1.13–4.02). Conclusion: Participants with PRISm or a low FVC%predicted lung function were at increased risk of dementia, compared to those with normal spirometry or a higher FVC%predicted, respectively. Further research is needed to elucidate whether this association is causal and how PRISm might contribute to dementia pathogenesis.

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