scholarly journals Soft drink consumption is associated with increased incidence of the metabolic syndrome only in women

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunjin Kang ◽  
Jihye Kim
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Soft Drink Consumption ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Specific Association

AbstractProspective studies on the association between soft drink consumption and incident risk of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) have not been carried out in Asians. We explored the sex-specific association between soft drink consumption and incident risk of the MetS in Korean adults during 10 years of follow-up. A total of 5797 subjects who were free of the MetS at baseline were studied. Soft drink consumption was assessed using a semi-quantitative FFQ. Time-dependent Cox proportional hazard model was used to examine hazard ratios (HR) of incidence of the MetS and its components in relation to soft drink consumption. In women, the multivariable-adjusted HR for developing the MetS was 1·8-fold higher in frequent consumers of soft drinks (≥4 servings/week) compared with rare consumers (95 % CI 1·23, 2·64). The adjusted HR for elevated blood pressure increased by 2-fold (95 % CI 1·24, 3·14) and for hypertriacylglycerolaemia by 1·9-fold (95 % CI 1·19, 2·88) in frequent consumers of soft drinks compared with rare consumers. However, in men, there was no association between soft drink consumption and incident risk of the MetS or its components. Frequent soft drink consumption was associated with increased risk of developing the MetS and its components only in middle-aged Korean women, suggesting sex differences for the risk of the MetS related to diet.

scholarly journals Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and an Increased Risk of Hospitalization for Heart Failure in Population of HFpEF

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Liyao Fu ◽  
Jiaxing Sun ◽  
Zhaowei Zhu ◽  
Zhenhua Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Multivariable Adjustment

Background: The association between metabolic syndrome and the development of heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has not been completely clarified.Aim: To evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome and the risk of HF hospitalization for patients with HFpEF.Methods: Patient data were obtained from the American cohort of the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist (TOPCAT) trial database. Data for the primary outcome (hospitalization for HF) and secondary outcomes (all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause hospitalization) were collected, and hazard ratios (HRs) for the patients with and without metabolic syndrome were analyzed by applying a multivariable Cox proportional hazard model.Results: Among the 1,548 total participants, 1,197 had metabolic syndrome. The patients with metabolic syndrome exhibited worse heart function and a lower quality of life than those without metabolic syndrome. During the 3.3 years of follow-up, 351 patients were hospitalized for HF. After a multivariable adjustment, the risk of hospitalization for HF and all-cause hospitalization (adjusted HR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.01–2.00; p = 0.042 and adjusted HR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.04–1.54; p = 0.017, respectively) were independently associated with HFpEF for the patients with metabolic syndrome. In addition, the risks of HF hospitalization and all-cause hospitalization among 267 propensity score-matched patients were higher for patients with metabolic syndrome (HR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.05–2.23, and p = 0.025 and HR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.08–1.67, and p = 0.009, respectively).Conclusion: The risks of HF hospitalization and all-cause hospitalization were higher for patients with HFpEF having metabolic syndrome than for those without metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals High Consumption of Soft Drinks Is Associated with an Increased Risk of Fracture: A 7-Year Follow-Up Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 530
Author(s):  
Li Chen ◽  
Ruiyi Liu ◽  
Yong Zhao ◽  
Zumin Shi
Keyword(s):  
Cox Regression ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Risk Of Fracture ◽  
Incident Fracture ◽  
Increased Risk

(1) Background: Fracture causes a substantial burden to society globally. Some studies have found that soft drinks consumption was associated with the risk of fractures. We aimed to assess the association in the Chinese population; (2) Methods: Data from 17,383 adults aged 20 to 75 years old attending the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) between 2004 and 2011 were analyzed. Soft drinks consumption and fracture occurrence were self-reported. The cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between soft drink and fracture was assessed using multivariable mixed-effect logistic regression and Cox regression; (3) Results: After adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors and dietary patterns, compared with those who did not consume soft drinks, participants with daily consumption of soft drinks had an odds ratio (95%CI) of 2.72 (95%CI: 1.45–5.09) for fracture. During a mean 5-year follow-up, there were 569 incident fracture cases. Compared with non-consumers, those with daily soft drinks consumption had a hazard ratio (95%CI) of 4.69 (95%CI: 2.80–7.88) for incident fracture; (4) Conclusions: Soft drinks consumption is directly associated with the risk of fracture. Reducing soft drinks consumption should be considered as an important strategy for individual and population levels to maintain bone health.

scholarly journals Diet Soft Drink Consumption is Associated with the Metabolic Syndrome: A Two Sample Comparison

Nutrients ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 3569-3586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina Crichton ◽  
Ala'a Alkerwi ◽  
Merrrill Elias
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Soft Drink Consumption ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

scholarly journals Cumulative soft drink consumption is associated with insulin resistance in Mexican adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 661-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berenice Rivera-Paredez ◽  
Leticia Torres-Ibarra ◽  
Romina González-Morales ◽  
Tonatiuh Barrientos-Gutiérrez ◽  
Rubí Hernández-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Soft Drink Consumption ◽  
Mexican Adults

ABSTRACT Background Insulin resistance (IR) is an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and other cardiometabolic diseases. Recent studies suggest that soft drink consumption could increase IR. However, inconsistent findings have been observed. Objective The aim was to estimate the association between the cumulative consumption of soft drinks and IR by means of the HOMA-IR in Mexican adults. Methods We analyzed the association between cumulative consumption of soft drinks and HOMA-IR change after 7 y of follow-up in participants (n = 1073) of the Health Workers Cohort Study. Soft drink consumption was estimated by food-frequency questionnaires. Insulin was measured by chemiluminescence, and fasting glucose was measured with the enzymatic colorimetric method. HOMA-IR was computed as fasting insulin (mIU/L) × fasting glucose (mmol/L)/22.5. To assess the relation between cumulative soft drink consumption and HOMA-IR change, we performed robust linear regression models. Additionally, we used fixed-effects models to estimate the association between changes in soft drink consumption and change in HOMA-IR. Results At baseline, the average age was 44 y. Mean cumulative soft drink consumption was 0.42 servings/d. Median HOMA-IR increased from 1.5 at baseline to 2.0 at follow-up. Soft drink consumption was positively associated with HOMA-IR change. In the multiple linear regression analysis, for each increase in the consumption of 2 (355 mL) soft drinks/d, the average change between baseline and follow-up HOMA-IR showed an increase of 1.11 units (95% CI: 0.74, 1.48). Conclusions Our data support the hypothesis that, in Mexican adults, a higher soft drink consumption is associated with an increase in HOMA-IR, despite known risk factors. These findings support the need for reinforcing policies to reduce soft drink consumption in our population.

The Oslo Health Study: Soft drink intake is associated with the metabolic syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 635-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Torbjørn Høstmark
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

It has been reported that the frequency of cola intake (COLA) is positively associated with serum triglycerides and negatively associated with high-density-lioprotein (HDL) cholesterol, both components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). The question now is whether noncola soft drink intake (NCOLA) is associated with MetS. Among the 18 770 participants in the Oslo Health Study, 5373 men and 6181 women had data on COLA and NCOLA and risk factors for MetS (except fasting glucose). Main MetS requirements are central obesity and 2 of the following: increased triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, increased systolic or diastolic blood pressure, and elevated fasting blood glucose. The MetSRisk index was calculated to estimate many MetS components. Using regression analyses, the association between COLA (NCOLA) and MetS (MetSRisk) was studied. In young (aged 30 years), middle-aged (aged 40 and 45 years), and senior (aged 59 and 60 years) men and women, there was, in general, a positive correlation between COLA and MetSRisk, and between COLA and single MetS risk factors, except HDL cholesterol, which was negatively correlated. A less consistent picture was found for NCOLA. By regression analyses, after adjustment for sex, age, time since last meal, and use of sugar-sweetened soft drinks, a positive association between COLA (NCOLA) and MetSRisk (MetS) was still found. However, when also controlling for cheese, fatty fish, coffee, alcohol, smoking, physical activity, education, and birthplace, only the association with COLA remained significant, irrespective of the presence or absence of sugar. In conclusion, the self-reported intake frequency of soft drinks can be positively associated with MetS.

scholarly journals Stricture length and etiology as preoperative independent predictors of recurrence after urethroplasty: A multivariate analysis of 604 urethroplasties

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam S. Kinnaird ◽  
Max A. Levine ◽  
Druvtej Ambati ◽  
Jeff D. Zorn ◽  
Keith Francis Rourke
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Lichen Sclerosus ◽  
Tertiary Referral Centre ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Time To Recurrence ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Stricture Recurrence

Introduction: We determine the preoperative identifiable risk factors during staging that predict stricture recurrence after urethroplasty.Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of all urethroplasties performed at a Canadian tertiary referral centre from 2003 to 2012. Failure was defined as a recurrent stricture <16 Fr oncystoscopic assessment. Multivariate analysis was calculated by Cox proportional hazard regression.Results: In total, 604 of 651 (93%) urethroplasties performed had adequate data with a mean follow-up of 52 months. Overall urethral patency was 90.7% with failures occurring between 2 weeks and 77 months postoperatively. The average time to recurrence was 11.7 months, with most patients with recurrence within 6 months (42/56; 75%). Multivariate regression identified Lichen sclerosus, iatrogenic, and infectious etiologies to be independently associated with stricture recurrence with hazard ratios (HR) (95% confidence interval) of 5.9 (2.1-16.5; p ≤ 0.001), 3.4 (1.2-10; p = 0.02), and 7.3 (2.3-23.7; p ≤ 0.001), respectively. Strictures ≥5 cm recurred significantly more often (13.8% vs. 5.9%) with a HR 2.3 (1.2-4.5; p ≤ 0.01). Comorbidities, smoking, previous urethroplasty, stricture location and an age ≥50 were not associated with recurrence.Conclusion: Urethroplasty in general is an excellent treatment for urethral stricture with patency rates approaching 91%. While recurrences occur over 6 years after surgery, most (75%) recur within the first 6 months. Long segment strictures (≥5 cm), as well as Lichen sclerosus, infectious and iatrogenic etiologies, are associated with increased risk of recurrence. Limitations include the retrospective, single-centre nature of the study and the 7% loss to follow-up due to the centre being a regional referral one.

scholarly journals The metabolic syndrome and its components in 178 patients treated for craniopharyngioma after 16 years of follow-up

2018 ◽  
Vol 178 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Wijnen ◽  
Daniel S Olsson ◽  
Marry M van den Heuvel-Eibrink ◽  
Casper Hammarstrand ◽  
Joseph A M J L Janssen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
General Population ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Glucocorticoid Replacement Therapy

Objective Patients with craniopharyngioma are at an increased risk for cardio- and cerebrovascular mortality. The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an important cardiometabolic risk factor, but barely studied in patients with craniopharyngioma. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for the MetS and its components in patients with craniopharyngioma. Design Cross-sectional study with retrospective data. Methods We studied the prevalence of and risk factors for the MetS and its components in 110 Dutch (median age 47 years, range 18–92) and 68 Swedish (median age 50 years, range 20–81) patients with craniopharyngioma with ≥3 years of follow-up (90 females (51%); 83 patients with childhood-onset craniopharyngioma (47%); median follow-up after craniopharyngioma diagnosis 16 years (range 3–62)). In Dutch patients aged 30–70 years and Swedish patients aged 45–69 years, we examined the prevalence of the MetS and its components relative to the general population. Results Sixty-nine (46%) of 149 patients with complete data demonstrated the MetS. Prevalence of the MetS was significantly higher in patients with craniopharyngioma compared with the general population (40% vs 26% (P < 0.05) for Dutch patients; 52% vs 15% (P < 0.05) for Swedish patients). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified visual impairment as a borderline significant predictor of the MetS (OR 2.54, 95% CI 0.95–6.81; P = 0.06) after adjustment for glucocorticoid replacement therapy and follow-up duration. Age, female sex, tumor location, radiological hypothalamic damage, 90Yttrium brachytherapy, glucocorticoid replacement therapy and follow-up duration significantly predicted components of the MetS. Conclusions Patients with craniopharyngioma are at an increased risk for the MetS, especially patients with visual impairment.

Association of metabolic syndrome with reduced survival among men receiving androgen deprivation therapy for nonmetastatic prostate cancer.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (5_suppl) ◽  
pp. 56-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Maria Rudman ◽  
Kathryn P. Gray ◽  
Julie Kasperzyk ◽  
Michael Pitt ◽  
Edward Giovannucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Androgen Deprivation Therapy ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Androgen Deprivation ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Increased Risk

56 Background: The metabolic syndrome (MS) is a set of risk factors implicated in both the development of prostate cancer (PC) and as a recognized complication of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). In our previous study of a Veterans’ Administration (VA) cohort of relapsed PC patients (pts) on ADT, MS was associated with a shorter duration of PC control. Methods: We studied 347 patients (72 from VA and 275 from Health Professionals Follow up Study) treated with ADT for non-metastatic PC. 88% for biochemical relapse post definitive local therapy and 12% treated with primary ADT. MS was assessed by the modified Adult Treatment Panel III criteria prior to the commencement of ADT. Cox models tested for association between MS status and time to overall survival (OS) or time to PC specific survival, stratified by cohorts (VA vs. HPFS). Cumulative incidence of PC specific death (accounting for competing risk of death from other causes and co-morbidities) by MS status was estimated. Results: 96 patients (28%) had MS. 62 patients (18%) died of PC during a median follow-up of 9.5 years. The median OS for patients with and without MS was 7.5 and 10.6 years respectively. A multivariate Cox model adjusted for age at start of ADT, diagnosis, stage, Gleason score and primary treatment showed MS was associated with a significant 53% increased risk of death from any cause (HR(95%CI) 1.53(1.05-2.22); p=0.03). MS patients tended to have increased risk of PC specific death (HR(95%CI) 1.6 (0.9-2.84); p=0.11). Individual MS components hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity and diabetes were not associated with an increased risk of death from any cause or PC. The cumulative incidence of PC specific death did not differ by MS status. Conclusions In men receiving ADT for androgen dependent PC without metastases, the presence of MS at the commencement of ADT is associated with an increased risk of death compared to those pts without MS. The shorter time to death appears to be at least in part due to shorter time to dying from PC.

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