scholarly journals The effect of short-term calcium supplementation on biochemical markers of bone metabolism in healthy young adults

1998 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Ginty ◽  
Albert Flynn ◽  
Kevin D. Cashman
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Calcium Supplementation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Bone Specific Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Short Term Study ◽  
Usual Diet

The influence of Ca supplementation of the usual diet for 14d on biochemical markers of bone turnover was investigated in healthy young adults aged 21–26 years. In a crossover study, eighteen subjects (five male and thirteen female) were randomly assigned to their self-selected diet (about 22 mmol Ca/d) or their self-selected diet with a 20 mmol/d Ca supplement (about 40 mmol Ca/d) for 14d followed by crossover to the alternative diet for a further 14d. During each dietary period fasting morning first void urine samples (last 3d) and fasting blood serum samples (morning of twelfth day) were collected. Ca supplementation reduced urinary excretion of pyridinoline (14%) and deoxypyridinoline (16%) (biochemical markers of bone resorption) but had no effect on biochemical markers of bone formation (serum osteocalcin and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase;EC3.1.3.1). It is concluded that Ca supplementation of the usual diet in young adults suppresses bone resorption over a 2-week period. If sustained, this could result in suppression of the bone remodelling rate and an increase in bone mass over time. The findings of this short-term study with a relatively small number of young adults highlight the need for a longer-term intervention study of the effect of increased Ca intake on bone mass in this age group.

scholarly journals The effect of dietary sodium intake on biochemical markers of bone metabolism in young women

1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Ginty ◽  
Albert Flynn ◽  
Kevin D. Cashman
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Bone Specific Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Markers Of Bone Turnover ◽  
Dietary Period ◽  
Markers Of Bone Resorption

To investigate the effect of a low (80 mmol/d) or high (180 mmol/d) Na intake for 14 d on biochemical markers of bone turnover in Na-sensitive and Na-non-sensitive healthy young women, twenty-nine subjects were screened for responsiveness of urinary Ca excretion to increasing dietary Na intake (40, 80, 120 and 200mmol/d for 7d). In a crossover study, the eight Na-sensitive and eight of the twenty-one Na-non-sensitive subjects were randomly assigned to diets containing either 80 or 180 mmol Na/d for 14 d followed by crossover to the alternative diet for a further 14 d. Dietary Ca was restricted to 12.5mmol/d throughout. During each dietary period, fasting morning first void urine samples (last 3 d) and fasting blood serum samples (morning of twelfth day) were collected. Increasing Na intake from 80 to 180 mmol/d increased urinary Na about twofold in both the Na-sensitive and Na-non-sensitive groups and increased urinary Ca excretion (by 73%) in the Na-sensitive group only. Biochemical markers of bone resorption (urinary pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline) and bone formation (serum osteocalcin and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase;EC3.1.3.1) were unaffected by increasing dietary Na in either group. It is concluded that the Na-induced calciuria observed in the Na-sensitive healthy young women did not result in increased bone resorption or turnover and, despite restricted Ca intake, adaptation of dietary Ca absorption may have compensated for the increased urinary Ca loss.

scholarly journals No effect of copper supplementation on biochemical markers of bone metabolism in healthy adults

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aimi Baker ◽  
Eithne Turley ◽  
Maxine P. Bonham ◽  
Jacqueline M. O'Connor ◽  
J. J. Strain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Total Group ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Effect Of Copper ◽  
Usual Diet

The influence of Cu supplementation of the usual diet for 6 weeks on biochemical markers of bone turnover and on putative indices of Cu status was investigated in healthy adults (twelve male and twelve female) aged 22–46 years, who participated in a double-blind placebo-controlled repeated crossover study. The study consisted of three 6-week supplementation regimens of 3 mg CuSO4, 3 mg Cu–glycine chelate (CuGC), and 6 mg CuGC, each separated by placebo periods of equal length. During baseline and on the last day of each dietary period, fasting morning first-void urine and fasting blood serum, plasma and erythrocytes were collected. The habitual dietary Cu intakes in males and females were approximately 1·4 and 1·1 mg/d respectively. Females had significantly higher (50 %) plasma caeruloplasmin (Cp) protein concentrations than males at baseline. Cu supplementation had no effect on erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD,EC1.15.1.1) activity or plasma Cp protein (putative indices of Cu status) in the total group. Similarly, serum osteocalcin (a marker of bone formation), urinary creatinine (Cr) concentration, urinary pyridinoline : Cr or deoxypyridinoline : Cr excretion (markers of bone resorption) were unaffected in either the total group or in males and females separately, by any Cu supplementation regimen. It is concluded that Cu supplementation of the usual diet in healthy adult males and females had no effect on biochemical markers of bone formation or bone resorption over 6-week periods.

ASSESSMENT OF BONE TISSUE OF THE UPPER AND LOWER JAW IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC GENERALIZED PERIODONTITIS COMPLICATED BY PARTIAL ABSENCE OF TEETH

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
Наталия Александровна Полушкина ◽  
Ксения Евгеньевна Чиркова ◽  
Елена Александровна Лещева ◽  
Нелли Геннадиевна Машкова ◽  
Елена Юрьевна Каверина
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Calcium Supplementation ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Long Time

После достижения пика костной массы метаболизм костной ткани становится стабильным, то есть скорость резорбции и костеобразования примерно равны, что сохраняется у женщин до 45-50 лет, а у мужчин до 55-60 лет, при отсутствии тяжелых соматических патологий оптимальное потребление кальция должно составлять 1000 мг в сутки. У женщин после наступления менопаузы и мужчин старше 60 лет возрастает скорость резорбции костной ткани, уменьшается масса кости, в связи с чем увеличивается потребность в кальции до 1500 мг в сутки. Основной источник потребления кальция - это пища, которая обеспечивает около 50% потребности организма в кальции с широкой индивидуальной вариабельностью, причем его абсорбция снижается с возрастом и по мере увеличения длительности менопаузы. Вопрос о добавках препаратов кальция решают индивидуально, в зависимости от содержания макроэлемента в рационе питания и состояния организма. Также рекомендовано, что препараты кальция нужно назначать в комплексе с другими средствами патогенетической терапии. На основании проведенных исследований учеными было выявлено, что резорбция костной ткани альвеолярной части (отростка) при заболеваниях пародонта может быть длительно компенсирована за счет мобилизации солей кальция из высокоминерализованных остеонов нижней челюсти After reaching a peak in bone mass, bone metabolism becomes stable, that is, the rate of resorption and bone formation are approximately equal, which remains in women up to 45-50 years old, and in men up to 55-60 years old, in the absence of severe somatic pathologies, the optimal calcium intake should be 1000 mg per day. In women after menopause and men over 60, the rate of bone resorption increases, bone mass decreases, and therefore the need for calcium increases to 1,500 mg per day. The main source of calcium intake is food, which provides about 50% of the body's need for calcium with wide individual variability, and its absorption decreases with age and with increasing duration of menopause. The issue of calcium supplementation is decided individually, depending on the content of the macronutrient in the diet and the state of the body. It is also recommended that calcium preparations should be prescribed in combination with other means of pathogenetictherapy. Based on the studies, scientists found that bone resorption of the alveolar part (appendix) in periodontal disease can be compensated for a long time by mobilizing calcium salts from highly mineralized osteons of the lower jaw

scholarly journals Sustained effect of short-term calcium supplementation on bone mass in adolescent girls with low calcium intake

2005 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roni P Dodiuk-Gad ◽  
Geila S Rozen ◽  
Gad Rennert ◽  
Hedy S Rennert ◽  
Sophia Ish-Shalom
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mass ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Calcium Supplementation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Low Calcium ◽  
Sustained Effect

Cultural Awareness of Students in Communication Sciences and Disorders: A Mixed-Methods Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1231-1242
Author(s):  
Celeste Domsch ◽  
Lori Stiritz ◽  
Jay Huff
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Study Abroad ◽  
Cultural Awareness ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Global Awareness ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Short Term Study

Purpose This study used a mixed-methods design to assess changes in students' cultural awareness during and following a short-term study abroad. Method Thirty-six undergraduate and graduate students participated in a 2-week study abroad to England during the summers of 2016 and 2017. Quantitative data were collected using standardized self-report measures administered prior to departure and after returning to the United States and were analyzed using paired-samples t tests. Qualitative data were collected in the form of daily journal reflections during the trip and interviews after returning to the United States and analyzed using phenomenological methods. Results No statistically significant changes were evident on any standardized self-report measures once corrections for multiple t tests were applied. In addition, a ceiling effect was found on one measure. On the qualitative measures, themes from student transcripts included increased global awareness and a sense of personal growth. Conclusions Measuring cultural awareness poses many challenges. One is that social desirability bias may influence responses. A second is that current measures of cultural competence may exhibit ceiling or floor effects. Analysis of qualitative data may be more useful in examining effects of participation in a short-term study abroad, which appears to result in decreased ethnocentrism and increased global awareness in communication sciences and disorders students. Future work may wish to consider the long-term effects of participation in a study abroad for emerging professionals in the field.

Community Involvement and Benefits From an International Service Learning Program

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 5-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lata A. Krishnan ◽  
Christi Masters ◽  
Jennifer M. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Service Learning ◽  
Experiential Learning ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Learning Program ◽  
Short Term ◽  
International Service Learning ◽  
International Service ◽  
Short Term Study ◽  
Service Activities ◽  
Study Abroad Program

Service learning (SL) is a form of experiential learning in which students are involved in community service activities that are related to academic course objectives. A key aspect that separates SL from other forms of experiential learning is the mutually beneficial nature of the service activities. Much of the SL and international SL (ISL) literature has focused on positive learning outcomes for students, with much less focus on the benefits of SL to the community. Speech, Language, and Hearing Services (SLHS) in Zambia is an intensive SL short-term study abroad program. This paper describes the benefits to the community via the SLHS in Zambia program.

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