Profitable Participation: Technology Innovation as an Influence on the Ratification of Regulatory Treaties

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 903-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Marcoux ◽  
Johannes Urpelainen
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
New Product ◽  
International Regulation ◽  
Regulatory Issues ◽  
Treaty Ratification ◽  
Telecommunication Technology ◽  
State Participation ◽  
Pesticide Regulation ◽  
Positive Effect

What determines state participation in regulatory regimes? This article argues that if international regulation creates markets for new technologies, innovative companies support the ratification of the relevant regulatory treaties. Consequently, technological innovativeness should have a positive effect on regulatory treaty ratification. From the harmonization of telecommunication technology to pesticide regulation, many regulatory treaties create new product markets, so the argument applies to a variety of regulatory issues. This hypothesis is tested against data on the ratification of two major multilateral treaties for pesticide control: the 1998 Rotterdam Convention and the 2001 Stockholm Convention. Countries that are capable of biotechnology innovation are found to be more likely to ratify each treaty. The findings suggest that (1) technology innovation is key to regulatory treaty ratification and (2) constituency preferences for regulatory treaties are contingent upon expected profits from innovation. More broadly, the article emphasizes the importance of technological factors for international co-operation.

scholarly journals Technology Push vs. Market Pull in Technology University Innovation Commercialization Case Study: ITB

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 337-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indriany Ameka
Keyword(s):  
Product Innovation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
New Product ◽  
What Works ◽  
Community Technology ◽  
Innovation Product ◽  
Market Needs

Technology-based innovation can comes either from market needs (market pull) then obtained the discovery of new innovation technology to help meet the needs of the community or from new invention which was later adapted by the community (technology push) that become useful new needs. The purpose of this paper is to determine the implications that what works better between technology push or market pull in technological innovation carried out by researchers in creating new technologies. In this paper, the study used the example of one of the universities in Indonesia, the ITB because it has a research institute that more active than any other university in Indonesia. Sample taken from the new product invention that have been successfully commercialized or not. To know whether successfully commercialized inventions are more likely depart from the market pull or technology push. We got the result of this research from technology innovation product that has been patented, from dept interviews by the researchers in ITB, and from focus group discussion among the junior researchers. The result of technology innovation product that only has been patented and the technology innovation product that already is commercialized and used by many people will be different. We will see the beginning of the idea appearance and the commercialization of their product innovation in the market from the researchers.

AI and Migration Management

2020 ◽  
pp. 768-787
Author(s):  
Petra Molnar
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Forced Migration ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
International Human Rights Law ◽  
Privacy Rights ◽  
International Regulation ◽  
Development Technology ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Right

This chapter focuses on how technologies used in the management of migration—such as automated decision-making in immigration and refugee applications and artificial intelligence (AI) lie detectors—impinge on human rights with little international regulation, arguing that this lack of regulation is deliberate, as states single out the migrant population as a viable testing ground for new technologies. Making migrants more trackable and intelligible justifies the use of more technology and data collection under the guide of national security, or even under tropes of humanitarianism and development. Technology is not inherently democratic, and human rights impacts are particularly important to consider in humanitarian and forced migration contexts. An international human rights law framework is particularly useful for codifying and recognizing potential harms, because technology and its development are inherently global and transnational. Ultimately, more oversight and issue specific accountability mechanisms are needed to safeguard fundamental rights of migrants, such as freedom from discrimination, privacy rights, and procedural justice safeguards, such as the right to a fair decision maker and the rights of appeal.

scholarly journals Rural Financial Development Impacts on Agricultural Technology Innovation: Evidence from China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1110
Author(s):  
Yuyu Liu ◽  
Duan Ji ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Jingjing An ◽  
Wenyan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Rural Finance ◽  
Rural Economic Development ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Agricultural technology innovation is key for improving productivity, sustainability, and resilience in food production and agriculture to contribute to public health. Using panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2003 to 2015, this study examines the impact of rural financial development on agricultural technology innovation from the perspective of rural financial scale and rural finance efficiency. Furthermore, it examines how the effects of rural financial development vary in regions with different levels of marketization and economic development. The empirical results show that the development of rural finance has a significant and positive effect on the level of agricultural technology innovation. Rural finance efficiency has a significantly positive effect on innovation in regions with a low degree of marketization, while the rural financial scale has a significantly positive effect on technological innovation in regions with a high degree of marketization. Further analysis showed that improving the level of agricultural technology innovation is conducive to rural economic development. This study provides new insights into the effects of rural financial development on sustainable agricultural development from the perspective of agricultural technology innovation.

scholarly journals A multi-dimensional approach for managing open innovation in NPD

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1366-1385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Bahemia ◽  
Brian Squire ◽  
Paul Cousins
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
New Product ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Longitudinal Impact ◽  
Product Innovativeness ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose This paper explores openness within new product development (NPD) projects. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of breadth, depth and partner newness on product innovativeness and product competitive advantage. The authors also seek to examine the contingent effects of the appropriability regime. The authors make suggestions to academics and practitioners based on the findings. Design/methodology/approach The authors use a structured survey instrument producing an empirical analysis of 205 NPD projects in the manufacturing sector in the UK. The authors use an ordinary least squares regression model to test hypothesised relationships between openness (breadth, depth and partner newness), product innovativeness, product competitive advantage and the appropriability regime. Findings The authors find that each of the three dimensions of openness, depth, breadth and partner newness, have a significant but differing impact on product innovativeness. Specifically, the study indicates that breadth has a positive effect but only in the presence of a strong appropriability regime, partner newness has a direct positive effect, and depth a direct negative effect. The authors also find that product innovativeness has a positive impact on product competitive advantage. Research limitations/implications Further research should focus on replicating the findings in other countries, search for further moderating factors, such as the stage of the NPD process, and analyse the longitudinal impact of openness within NPD projects. Practical implications Organisations are encouraging managers to be more open in their approach to NPD. The authors’ findings suggest that managers need to think about the three dimensions of openness, breadth, depth and partner newness. Their engagement with each of these dimensions depends on the desired outcomes of the innovation project and the strength of patents. Originality/value The research extends the extant supplier involvement in new product development literature to examine the effect of up to 11 types of external actor in NPD projects. The authors test a new multi-dimensional measurement scale for the openness construct. The authors show that each dimension has a different relationship with product innovativeness.

scholarly journals PERAN KNOWLEDGE SHARING, LEARNING ORGANIZATION DAN KAPABILITAS INOVASI INDIVIDUAL TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Satria Avianda Nurcahyo
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Learning Organization ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Innovation Capability ◽  
Technology Study ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Knowledge Sharing, Learning Organization, and Individual Innovation Capability variables on the improvement of Employee Performance. The data used in this study were primary data in the form of questionnaires totaling 50 respondents of functional functional employees in the Center for Agricultural Technology Study in Central Java.The section consists of instructors, researchers, technicians and librarians. The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling. Testing of this study used path analysis and to test the effect of intervening variables used the sobel test. The results showed that (1) knowledge sharing has a positive effect on employee performance,(2) knowledge sharing has a positive effect on individual innovation capability,(3)individual innovation capability has a positive effect on employee performance,(4) learning organization has a positive effect on employee performance,(5) learning organization has a positive effect on individual innovation capability,(6) learning organization has a positive effect on knowledge sharing. In this study, of the 4 variables that have the most influence in relation to one another. Namely the Individual Innovation Capability variable with a beta amount of 0.530. This shows that the real employees in their hearts need support to explore themselves. Then get the freedom to express new innovations they find and be given training in new technologies. Digital technology and financial support are very important for the growth of innovation so that it can improve performance.Keywords: Knowledge Sharing, Learning Organization, Individual Innovation Capability, Employee Performance

European E-Health Framework

2013 ◽  
pp. 262-278
Author(s):  
Korinna Zoi Karamagkioli ◽  
Evika Karamagioli
Keyword(s):  
Health Systems ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
European Policy ◽  
European Level ◽  
Regulatory Issues ◽  
European Health

European health systems are under mounting pressure to respond to the challenges of population ageing, citizens’ rising expectations, migration, and mobility of patients and health professionals. New technologies have the potential to revolutionize healthcare and health systems and to contribute to their future sustainability. However the organizational and regulatory environment of e-health has not progressed as rapidly as technology both in national and European level. The key issue in the European sphere is whether and to what extent it interferes with public health policy and should be treated separately from the more “traditional” healthcare. The proposed chapter will define e-health from a European perspective, present the different steps of the European policy in the field, insist on the organizational and regulatory issues that arise and discuss drives and barriers towards achieving pan European “patient-friendly” healthcare services.

Anticipating Blockchain as Disruptive Technology

2021 ◽  
pp. 708-721
Author(s):  
Mutwalibi Nambobi ◽  
Kanyana Ruth
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Product ◽  
Disruptive Technology ◽  
Senior Managers ◽  
Business Ecosystem ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Almost All

Today, people are going to senior managers in almost all industries pitching about their “I have a new product” thing. Disruptive technology transforms a differentiated product that was so expensive and sometimes complicated or sophisticated into a simplified implementation with the applicability of APIs. APIs provide a platform where startup companies can be nitrated to a giant and established companies. Secondly, it changes the business ecosystem to suit all kinds of players small or big. In previous years, only major companies with a lot of resources had access to such technologies. This selfish access to new technologies would make such giants flourish like Amazon, eBay, Google. Blockchain is a form of distributed ledger technology gaining significant research devotion in numerous areas cutting across e-commerce, cryptocurrency, cryptography, logistics, security, finance, and now it is gaining grounds in e-commerce, big data, and internet of things. This chapter introduces the concept of blockchain, applications, and benefits it possesses in various fields related to e-commerce.

scholarly journals The Convergence of Planning and Execution: Improvisation in New Product Development

1998 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Moorman ◽  
Anne S. Miner
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
New Product ◽  
Organizational Memory ◽  
Environmental Turbulence ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Product Effectiveness ◽  
Positive Effect

The field of marketing strategy often makes the important assumption that marketing strategy should occur by first composing a plan on the basis of a careful review of environmental and firm information and then executing that plan. However, there are cases when the composition and execution of an action converge in time so that, in the limit, they occur simultaneously. The authors define such a convergence as improvisation and develop hypotheses to investigate the conditions in which improvisation is likely to occur and be effective. The authors test these hypotheses in a longitudinal study of new product development activities. Results show that organizational improvisation occurs moderately in organizations and that organizational memory level decreases and environmental turbulence level increases the incidence of improvisation. Results support traditional concerns that improvisation can reduce new product effectiveness but also indicate that environmental and organizational factors can reduce negative effects and sometimes create a positive effect for improvisation. These results suggest that, in some contexts, improvisation may be not only what organizations actually practice but also what they should practice to flourish.

scholarly journals Is the formalization of NPD collaboration productive or counterproductive? Contingent effects of trust between partners

2020 ◽  
pp. 234094442091630 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Pemartín ◽  
Ana I Rodríguez-Escudero
Keyword(s):  
Product Quality ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
New Product ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Coordination Costs ◽  
Open Question ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
High Coordination ◽  
New Product Quality

New product development (NPD) collaborations with external partners involve high coordination costs and run substantial risks. Formalization seems to be an effective mechanism to mitigate said costs and risks, although the issue of whether formalization actually proves productive or counterproductive remains an open question. This study empirically analyses the direct impact of formalization and the interaction effect between formalization and trust between partners in order to gauge their influence on NPD collaboration performance. Findings indicate that formalization directly boosts the quality and novelty of the new product developed in collaboration, but that it does not affect adherence to schedule. In addition, trust reinforces the productive effect of formalization on new product quality and novelty, and makes the impact of formalization on adherence to schedule positive. However, without trust, we find a null impact of formalization on new product quality and a counterproductive impact on adherence to schedule. These results suggest that formalization and trust may complement each other, reinforcing each other’s positive effect on new product quality and novelty and presenting a positive synergistic effect, while helping to overcome the counterproductive effect of formalization on adherence to schedule. JEL CLASSIFICATION: O32

Technology Innovation and the Policy Vacuum

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Clark ◽  
D. L. Jones ◽  
W. J. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Innovative Firms ◽  
Or Practice ◽  
Public Reaction ◽  
Policy Guidance

New technologies and innovation open the door to exciting products and practices. As companies explore the possibilities of what can be, they often fail to consider what should be. Advancement often occurs rapidly and legal and policy guidance lags behind leaving a void of clear direction. Companies often interpret this void as giving permission to proceed with the new technology or practice. In some situations, strong customer or public reaction indicates that the technology or practice crosses the line of what is acceptable. This paper explores how the most innovative firms are navigating through an inconsistent, even conflicting, ethical and legal global landscape and calls for the intentional identification of relevant social norms and development of laws to fill the policy vacuum.

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