scholarly journals Conversionary Protestants Do Not Cause Democracy

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Elena Nikolova ◽  
Jakub Polansky
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Protestant Missions

Abstract In The Missionary Roots of Liberal Democracy, Robert D. Woodberry (2012) claims that conversionary Protestantism influenced the emergence of stable democracies around the world. While his historical analysis is exhaustive, the accompanying empirical evidence suffers from severe inconsistencies. This letter replicates Woodberry's analysis using twenty-six alternative democracy measures and extends the time period over which the democracy measures are averaged. These two simple modifications lead to the breakdown of Woodberry's results. We find no significant relationship between Protestant missions and the development of democracy, which raises concerns about the robustness and broader applicability of Woodberry's findings. The letter discusses some alternative explanations for Woodberry's results, which can inform future research on this topic.

scholarly journals An application of Rolling chaos 0-1 test on Stock Market

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Christian Espinoza ◽  
Juan Gorigoitía
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Chaotic Behavior ◽  
Wavelet Denoising ◽  
Time Period ◽  
New Information ◽  
The World

In this paper we apply a rolling 0-1 test for chaos on different stock market indices returns in the world, considering different time period windows to capture the effects of adding new information. A rolling sample is defined for each index and at the same time, wavelet denoising has been employed since approximately 1995 to the end of 2012. Empirical evidence of continuous chaotic behavior for all indices is found.

scholarly journals The Categorization of Dou (都) in Chinese: A Study from a Cross-linguistic Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-234
Author(s):  
Zhang Ying
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Mandarin Chinese ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Universal Quantification ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Universal Quantifiers ◽  
To Come ◽  
Diachronic Development ◽  
Linguistic Approach

Compared with prototypical universal quantifiers in other languages of the world, dou in Mandarin Chinese presents more complicated semantic behaviors. One of the most disputed issues is what are the relations between dou expressing “universal quantification” (uq) and dou expressing “scalar trigger” (sca). First-hand data that comes from 40 languages demonstrates that Mandarin Chinese is the only language that employs the same form for “universal quantification” and “scalar trigger”. The empirical evidence strongly suggests that uq dou and sca dou are different, and the two functions uq and sca lack universal conceptual correlations. The special polysemous behavior of Mandarin dou, is proved to come from two language-specific reanalysis processes in dou’s diachronic development which also supports the two-dou claim. The study thus instantiates how a cross-linguistic perspective provides insights to explain long-standing language-particular issues. Besides, it is also argued that the cross-linguistic approach is promising in predicting if a future research is on a right track as it can steer us through overgeneralization and undergeneralization.

scholarly journals The Missionary Roots of Liberal Democracy

2012 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT D. WOODBERRY
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
Instrumental Variable ◽  
Religious Liberty ◽  
Voluntary Organizations ◽  
Mass Education ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Protestant Missions ◽  
The Impact

This article demonstrates historically and statistically that conversionary Protestants (CPs) heavily influenced the rise and spread of stable democracy around the world. It argues that CPs were a crucial catalyst initiating the development and spread of religious liberty, mass education, mass printing, newspapers, voluntary organizations, and colonial reforms, thereby creating the conditions that made stable democracy more likely. Statistically, the historic prevalence of Protestant missionaries explains about half the variation in democracy in Africa, Asia, Latin America and Oceania and removes the impact of most variables that dominate current statistical research about democracy. The association between Protestant missions and democracy is consistent in different continents and subsamples, and it is robust to more than 50 controls and to instrumental variable analyses.

scholarly journals Government Ownership in Listed Firms Around the World

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry Liu
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Utility ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Government Ownership ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
The World ◽  
Utility Companies

AbstractBased on the first of its kind large-scale research on worldwide government ownership from 47 countries, the results show that government owners like to be the largest blockholders; if government is the largest blockholder, the size of its ownership is also quite big. Government ownership is mostly distributed in banks, infrastructure and public utility companies, and strategic manufacturing companies. While there are various theoretical arguments on the size and industry distribution of government ownership, this study provides first-ever empirical evidence. In sum, this paper contributes significantly and originally to our understanding on government ownership, and lay out further directions for future research on the complicated corporate governance issues of government ownership.

scholarly journals Spirituality and Depression with Self-Moving Trends in Adolescents: (Empirical Evidence in Yogyakarta, Indonesia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Setyowati ◽  
Suyatno Suyatno
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Adolescent Suicide ◽  
The World ◽  
The City ◽  
Guidance Teachers

Indonesia is the 14th country with the highest suicide rate in the world and the 8th highest country in ASEAN. Yogyakarta is the city that places the second rank in Indonesia with the highest child and adolescent suicide rates. The purpose of this study is to analyze spirituality and depression with suicidal tendencies in adolescents in Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. The method used is of quantitative research using multiple regression. This study found that there is a significant relationship between depression and suicidal tendencies. This study suggests that the need for the role of counselling guidance teachers to improve their guidance and counselling as well as the role of community nurses to optimize their nursing care, especially in adolescents.

Between Modernization and Stagnation: Economic Policy in 2012

2013 ◽  
pp. 4-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mau
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Russian Economic Development ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Oil Boom ◽  
The World

The paper deals with the trends in the world and Russian economies towards development of a new post-crisis system, including technological and structural transformation. Three main scenarios of Russian economic development (conservative, innovation and acceleration) are discussed basing on historical analysis of Russian economic performance since 1970-s when oil boom started. On this basis key challenges of economic policy in 2013 are discussed.

The Legacy of Iraq

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
Iraq War ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
The World ◽  
Free Market Capitalism ◽  
Market Capitalism

This book critically reflects on the failure of the 2003 intervention to turn Iraq into a liberal democracy, underpinned by free-market capitalism, its citizens free to live in peace and prosperity. The book argues that mistakes made by the coalition and the Iraqi political elite set a sequence of events in motion that have had devastating consequences for Iraq, the Middle East and for the rest of the world. Today, as the nation faces perhaps its greatest challenge in the wake of the devastating advance of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) and another US-led coalition undertakes renewed military action in Iraq, understanding the complex and difficult legacies of the 2003 war could not be more urgent. Ignoring the legacies of the Iraq War and denying their connection to contemporary events could mean that vital lessons are ignored and the same mistakes made again.

DAYA SAING EKSPOR KARET ALAM TIGA NEGARA ITRC (INDONESIA, THAILAND, MALAYSIA) DI PASAR INTERNASIONAL PERIODE 1994-2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
Shinta Dwi Ardanari ◽  
Rynalto Mukiwihando
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
International Market ◽  
World Market ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Export Share ◽  
Intense Competition ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The World

ABSTRACTShare of Indonesia's export value of natural rubber in the international market is almost always below Thailand, which is one of the competiting countries. The others countries began to become a threat to Indonesia because their exports share of natural rubber showed an increasing. This indicates that there is intense competition in the international market. As a country with the largest plantation area in the world, Indonesia should be superior. But this can be an opportunity to be able to compete in the world market so it is important to be managed more deeply so that it can create competitive advantages that can increase competitiveness. This study aims to determine the position of the competitiveness of natural rubber exports for the three countries of ITRC in the international market. The analytical method used is dynamic RCA. The results showed that all products of natural rubber coded HS 400110, 400121, 400122, 400129 and 400130 were experiencing a decline in growth in the export share of the three countries of ITRC : Indonesia, Thailand and Malaysia, but the market demand conditions for these products were declining in that time period.

Humans, common household pets and farm animals can theoretically mutually infect each other with SARS-CoV-2 and develop the COVID-19 pathology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Metere
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
The World

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is spreading fast throughout the world, and often the new cases are reported as community spread, which means that it is not possible to identify a specific cause for contagion. Household pets and farm animals live closely to humans and even if currently there is no empirical evidence of animal to human transmission, it has not been reported yet if transmission is in principle possible. This work addresses such hypothesis, confirming that transmission is theoretically possible, and highly likely to occur between humans and mammals. Less likely or not likely at all between humans and birds. Further research is needed to validate the birds to humans transmission. -- THIS ARTICLE IS CURRENTLY BEING EXPANDED AND REVISED --

HUBUNGAN ANTARA RASIO KREDIT BERMASALAH DENGAN RASIO PROFITABILITAS: Studi Empiris pada BPRse-Kota Tangerang Periode 2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 179-186
Author(s):  
Yohan Henri Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Profit Margin ◽  
Financial Report ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Normality Test ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The City

The aims of this study is to find empirical evidence, that there is a significant relationship between the Non Performing Loan Ratio is reflected in indicators of Non-Performing Loan (NPL) with a Profitability Ratio that is reflected in the indicators Net Profit Margin (NPM).The collecting of data method is secondary sources from Quarterly Financial Report Rural Banks (hereinafter referred to as BPR) as the city of Tangerang. The sample in this study is BPRin Kota Tangerang are categorized as Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (hereinafter referred to as SMEs). The hypothesis was tested by normality test and linear regression, The results of the study are not found empirical evidence that there is a significant relationship between Non-Performing Loan Ratios were reflected in NPL with Ratio Profitability indicators are reflected in indicators of NPM.These results indicate that required the mediating factor, namely the Contractual Interest Income from Loans and Expenses of Assets Allowance (hereinafter referred PPAPWD) Keywords: Non-Performing Loan, Net Profit Margin

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