A new Variety of Anopheles funestus, Giles, from Southern Rhodesia

1930 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Leeson
Keyword(s):  
Close Association ◽  
Anopheles Funestus ◽  
Tropical Medicine ◽  
The Other ◽  
London School ◽  
New Variety ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Blackwater Fever ◽  
Southern Rhodesia ◽  
Surface Drains

While investigating the Anophelini of Southern Rhodesia in connection with the research on blackwater fever conducted by the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, an undescribed variety of Anopheles funestus, Giles, was taken in the dry season. Nine males and eight females were collected from May to August 1927, near Shamva, and one male and one female in July 1928, in the Fungwi Native Reserve. All were caught out-of-doors except two females, one of which was taken in a shed constructed of grass and the other in a native hut. The remainder were taken in close association with the earth; in surface drains, caves and crevices in rocks. No specimens were taken in or near European habitations, but all in undeveloped country. No adults were bred out, so that the following description is based on individuals captured “wild.” The larva is unknown.

Part 2. The deeper structure of the Atlantic - Geological hypotheses and the earth's crust under the oceans

1954 ◽  
Vol 222 (1150) ◽  
pp. 341-348 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ocean Floor ◽  
Peridotite Xenoliths ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Southern Rhodesia ◽  
Mohorovičić Discontinuity

Recent work has determined the depth of the Mohorovičić discontinuity at sea and has made it likely that peridotite xenoliths in basaltic volcanic rocks are samples of material from below the discontinuity. It is now possible to produce a hypothetical section showing the transition from a continent to an ocean. This section is consistent with both the seismic and gravity results. The possible reactions of the crust to changes in the total volume of sea water are dis­cussed. It seems possible that the oceans were shallower and the crust thinner in the Archean than they are now. If this were so, some features of the oldest rocks of Canada and Southern Rhodesia could be explained. Three processes are described that might lead to the formation of oceanic ridges; one of these involves tension, one compression and the other quiet tectonic conditions. It is likely that not all ridges are formed in the same way. It is possible that serpentization of olivine by water rising from the interior of the earth plays an important part in producing changes of level in the ocean floor and anomalies in heat flow. Finally, a method of reducing gravity observations at sea is discussed.

On a New Parasitic Protozoon associated with a Sickness in a Bilharzian Intermediate Host

1932 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjorie J. Triffitt ◽  
J. J. C. Buckley ◽  
W. A. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Tropical Medicine ◽  
Rapid Recovery ◽  
London School ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Southern Rhodesia

During a recent expedition carried out by Dr. W. K. Blackie and Mr. W. A. McDonald in Southern Rhodesia, large numbers of the snail Bulinus tropicus were collected for living storage in aquarium tanks in the Medical Zoology Division of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. They were collected about the 20th February, 1931 and were brought to London on the 30th March and were distributed amongst several separate tanks. Some five weeks later some of the snails were overtaken by a curious sickness which gradually but rapidly spread to the rest and within a fortnight of their first appearance, the characteristic symptoms were present to a greater or less degree in almost every one of the snails, which numbered several hundreds. The sickness proved fatal in many cases and towards the end of three weeks the mortality was nearly 50 per cent. Thus it appeared likely that the whole collection would eventually be destroyed when the epidemic, as it seemed to be, spent itself with surprising suddenness and the remaining snails made a rapid recovery.

Some Helminth Parasites from Domesticated Animals in Southern Rhodesia

1933 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. C. Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Tropical Medicine ◽  
London School ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Domesticated Animals ◽  
Southern Rhodesia

The material listed here was obtained by Dr. W. K. Blackie and Mr. W. A. McDonald during a helminthological expedition from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine to Southern Rhodesia in 1930–31. The writer is indebted to Professor R. T. Leiper for the privilege of examining and reporting on this collection of parasites. The domestic animals in question are sheep, goat, pig and cattle and although they appear to have produced no forms new to science, it is believed that the publication of this collection, inasmuch as it appears to be the only one of its kind from Southern Rhodesia, is a contribution to our knowledge of an important parasitic group.

Note on Selection of Coordinate Systems for Geodynamics

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 395-407
Author(s):  
S. Henriksen
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Mean Sea Level ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The One ◽  
Static Systems ◽  
Selection Of

The first question to be answered, in seeking coordinate systems for geodynamics, is: what is geodynamics? The answer is, of course, that geodynamics is that part of geophysics which is concerned with movements of the Earth, as opposed to geostatics which is the physics of the stationary Earth. But as far as we know, there is no stationary Earth – epur sic monere. So geodynamics is actually coextensive with geophysics, and coordinate systems suitable for the one should be suitable for the other. At the present time, there are not many coordinate systems, if any, that can be identified with a static Earth. Certainly the only coordinate of aeronomic (atmospheric) interest is the height, and this is usually either as geodynamic height or as pressure. In oceanology, the most important coordinate is depth, and this, like heights in the atmosphere, is expressed as metric depth from mean sea level, as geodynamic depth, or as pressure. Only for the earth do we find “static” systems in use, ana even here there is real question as to whether the systems are dynamic or static. So it would seem that our answer to the question, of what kind, of coordinate systems are we seeking, must be that we are looking for the same systems as are used in geophysics, and these systems are dynamic in nature already – that is, their definition involvestime.

scholarly journals Geocomputing, New Technologies and Historical Analysis: Tools for a Changing Planet

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Sebastiano Trevisani
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
The Other ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Relationship

Modern Earth Scientists need also to interact with other disciplines, apparently far from the Earth Sciences and Engineering. Disciplines related to history and philosophy of science are emblematic from this perspective. From one side, the quantitative analysis of information extracted from historical records (documents, maps, paintings, etc.) represents an exciting research topic, requiring a truly holistic approach. On the other side, epistemological and philosophy of science considerations on the relationship between geoscience and society in history are of fundamental importance for understanding past, present and future geosphere-anthroposphere interlinked dynamics.

scholarly journals The Critical Raw Materials Issue between Scarcity, Supply Risk, and Unique Properties

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1826
Author(s):  
Mihaela Girtan ◽  
Antje Wittenberg ◽  
Maria Luisa Grilli ◽  
Daniel P. S. de Oliveira ◽  
Chiara Giosuè ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The Other ◽  
Innovation Networks ◽  
Supply Risk ◽  
European Cooperation ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Critical Raw Materials

This editorial reports on a thorough analysis of the abundance and scarcity distribution of chemical elements and the minerals they form in the Earth, Sun, and Universe in connection with their number of neutrons and binding energy per nucleon. On one hand, understanding the elements’ formation and their specific properties related to their electronic and nucleonic structure may lead to understanding whether future solutions to replace certain elements or materials for specific technical applications are realistic. On the other hand, finding solutions to the critical availability of some of these elements is an urgent need. Even the analysis of the availability of scarce minerals from European Union sources leads to the suggestion that a wide-ranging approach is essential. These two fundamental assumptions represent also the logical approach that led the European Commission to ask for a multi-disciplinary effort from the scientific community to tackle the challenge of Critical Raw Materials. This editorial is also the story of one of the first fulcrum around which a wide network of material scientists gathered thanks to the support of the funding organization for research and innovation networks, COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology).

scholarly journals Note on terrestrial radiation

1883 ◽  
Vol 35 (224-226) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Keyword(s):  
Radiant Heat ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cotton Wool ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Meteorological Observations

On Hind Head, a fine moorland plateau about three miles from Haslemere, with an elevation of 900 feet above the sea, I have recently erected a small iron hut, which forms, not only a place of rest, but an extremely suitable station for meteorological observations. Here, since the beginning of last November, I have continued to record from time to time the temperature of the earth’s surface as compared with that of the air above the surface. My object was to apply, if possible, the results which my experiments had established regarding the action of aqueous vapour upon radiant heat. Two stout poles about 6 feet high were firmly fixed in the earth 8 feet asunder. From one pole to the other was stretched a string, from the centre of which the air thermometer was suspended. Its bulb was 4 feet above the earth. The surface thermometer was placed upon a layer of cotton wool, on a spot cleared of heather, which thickly covered the rest of the ground. The outlook from the thermometers was free and extensive; with the exception of the iron hut just referred to, there was no house near, the hut being about 50 yards distant from the thermometers.

On a Collection of Parasitic Worms from East Africa

1932 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Gladstone Solomon
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Tropical Medicine ◽  
London School ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Veterinary Services ◽  
The Third ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
Parasitic Worms

The following material was sent to the Department of Helminthology of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine in three groups; two lots coming from Mr. Aneurin Lewis, of the Veterinary Research Station at Kabete, Kenya Colony, and the third lot from the Director of Veterinary Services, Uganda. For this latter, the writer is indebted to the Imperial Bureau of Agricultural Parasitology. The major part of the material was placed at his disposal by Professor R. T. Leiper, F.R.S., to whom he wishes to express his sincere thanks.

Transnationalism in Missionary Medicine

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 30-43
Author(s):  
Margo S. Gewurtz
Keyword(s):  
Formative Period ◽  
Tropical Medicine ◽  
Sand Fly ◽  
London School ◽  
The North ◽  
Kala Azar ◽  
Indian Medical ◽  
Medical Missionaries ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Missionary Medicine

Kala-azar is a parasitic disease that was endemic in India, parts of Africa and China. During the first half of the twentieth century, developing means of treatment and identification of the host and transmission vectors for this deadly disease would be the subject of transnational research and controversy. In the formative period for this research, two Canadian Medical missionaries, Drs. Jean Dow and Ernest Struthers, pioneered work on Kala-azar in the North Henan Mission. The great international prestige of the London School of Tropical Medicine and the Indian Medical Service would stand against recognition of the clinical discoveries of missionary doctors in remote North Henan. It was only after Struthers forged personal relations with Dr. Lionel. E. Napier and his colleagues at the Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine that there was a meeting of minds to promote the hypothesis that the sand fly was the transmission vector.

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