Two novel cytochrome P450 genesCYP6CS1andCYP6CW1fromNilaparvata lugens(Hemiptera: Delphacidae): cDNA cloning and induction by host resistant rice

2010 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Yang ◽  
Y. Zhang ◽  
X. Liu ◽  
X. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Blot Hybridization ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
Northern Blot Hybridization ◽  
Fat Bodies ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Two novel full-length P450 cDNAs,CYP6CS1andCYP6CW1, were cloned from the fourth instar nymphs of brown planthopperNilaparvata lugensStål (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) reared on its susceptible rice variety Taichung Native 1 (TN1) plants. The deduced proteins are typical microsomal P450s sharing conserved structural and functional domains with other insect CYP6 members. Temporal expression analysis by northern blot hybridization indicated pre-exposure toN.lugensmoderately resistant rice Minghui 63 (MH63) seedlings caused a time course-dependent induction ofCYP6CS1which peaked after 24 h of treatment; in contrast,CYP6CW1was induced and remained at a constant time course from 0–72 h.CYP6CS1andCYP6CW1are dramatically induced in gut tissues and, slightly upregulated in carcass and fat bodies as revealed in spatial gene expression analysis. Whole mountin situhybridizaion revealed that the two genes are expressed at a basal level in gut tissue and Malpighian tubules in nymphs fed with TN1 rice. After exposure to MH63, the expression ofCYP6CW1was found to be high in the whole gut, including Malpighian tubules. Expression ofCYP6CS1was significantly increased in midgut, and slightly increased in foregut, hindgut and Malpighian tubules. These data suggest a potential role of the two P450s in determining patterns ofN. lugens-rice relationships through allelochemical detoxification.

Variety-related feeding patterns in the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), on its host, the rice plant

1988 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Padgham ◽  
S. Woodhead
Keyword(s):  
Rice Variety ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Insect Populations ◽  
Honeydew Excretion ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens Stål ◽  
Moderately Resistant

AbstractMajor potential sources of variation in the feeding of Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) which are not host-dependant are those related to time, i.e. the age of the insect, the length of time the insect is in association with the plant and the time of day. These parameters were investigated with a susceptible, a moderately resistant and a resistant rice variety using honeydew clocks for the collection of honeydew excretion data. It is concluded that there are non-circadian patterns of honeydew excretion which are related to the degree of resistance of the variety and that such feeding and excretion patterns can be used to characterize the relationship between insect populations and rice varieties.

scholarly journals Secretome Analysis and In Planta Expression of Salivary Proteins Identify Candidate Effectors from the Brown Planthopper Nilaparvata lugens

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Rao ◽  
Xiaohong Zheng ◽  
Bingfang Liu ◽  
Qin Guo ◽  
Jianping Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Salivary Proteins ◽  
Secretome Analysis

The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), is a phloem sap-feeding insect. During feeding on rice plants, BPH secretes salivary proteins with potential effector functions, which may play a critical role in the plant–insect interactions. However, a limited number of BPH effector proteins have been identified to date. Here, we sequenced the salivary gland transcriptomes of five BPH populations and subsequently established a N. lugens secretome consisting of 1,140 protein-encoding genes. Secretome analysis revealed the presence of both conserved and rapidly evolving salivary proteins. A screen for potential effectors that elicit responses in the plant was performed via the transient expression analysis of 64 BPH salivary proteins in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and rice protoplasts. The salivary proteins Nl12, Nl16, Nl28, and Nl43 induced cell death, whereas Nl40 induced chlorosis and Nl32 induced a dwarf phenotype in N. benthamiana, indicating effector properties of these proteins. Ectopic expression of the six salivary proteins in N. benthamiana upregulated expression of defense-related genes and callose deposition. Tissue expression analysis showed a higher expression level of the six candidate effectors in salivary glands than in other tissues. Subcellular localization and analysis of the domain required for cell death showed a diverse structure of the six effectors. Nl28, Nl40, and Nl43 are N. lugens specific; in contrast, Nl12, Nl16, and Nl32 are conserved among insects. The Nl40 family has numerous isoforms produced by alternative splicing, exemplifying rapid evolution and expansion of effector proteins in the BPH. Our results suggest a potential large effector repertoire in BPH and a higher level of effector conservation exist in BPH compared with that in plant pathogens.

scholarly journals Induction of hepatic metallothioneins determined at isoprotein and messenger RNA levels in glucocorticoid-treated rats

1988 ◽  
Vol 249 (2) ◽  
pp. 429-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
L D Lehman-McKeeman ◽  
G K Andrews ◽  
C D Klaassen
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Northern Blot ◽  
Blot Analysis ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Northern Blot Analysis ◽  
Blot Hybridization ◽  
Northern Blot Hybridization ◽  
Single Dosage ◽  
Rna Levels

Induction of metallothionein-I (MT-I) and metallothionein-II (MT-II) by glucocorticoids was determined by h.p.l.c. analysis of proteins and Northern-blot analysis of MT mRNAs. Rats were injected with dexamethasone (0.03-10 mumol/kg) and hepatic concentrations of MTs were determined 24 h later. In control rats, only MT-II was detected (9.4 +/- 2.5 micrograms/g of liver), whereas the hepatic concentration of MT-I was below the detection limit (5 micrograms of MT/g). Dexamethasone did not increase MT-I above the detection limit at any dosage tested, but MT-II increased to 2.5 times control values at dosages of 0.30 mumol/kg and higher. Time-course experiments indicated that MT-II reached a maximum at 24 h after a single dosage of dexamethasone and returned to control values by 48 h. To determine whether dexamethasone increased MT-I in liver, samples were saturated with 109Cd, after which the amount of 109Cd in MT-I and MT-II was determined. Results indicated that, by this approach, MT-I and MT-II could be detected in control rats, and there was approx. 1.8 times more 109Cd in MT-II than in MT-I. At 24 h after administration of dexamethasone (1 mumol/kg), there was a small increase in the amount of 109Cd bound to MT-I, whereas the amount of 109Cd bound to MT-II increased to more than 2 times control values. Northern-blot hybridization with mouse cRNA probes indicated that MT-I and MT-II mRNAs increased co-ordinately after administration of dexamethasone. Thus, although glucocorticoids increase both MT-I and MT-II mRNAs, MT-II preferentially accumulates after administration of dexamethasone.

scholarly journals Expression Analysis of Genes Related to Rice Resistance Against Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens

Rice Science ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panatda Jannoey ◽  
Duangdao Channei ◽  
Jate Kotcharerk ◽  
Weerathep Pongprasert ◽  
Mika Nomura
Keyword(s):  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens

The influence of host-plant on the development of the adult brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), and its significance in migration

1983 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Padgham
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Residual Body ◽  
Nymphal Stage ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens Stål

AbstractThe development of adults of Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) reared on one susceptible and one resistant variety of rice plants of different ages was compared. Throughout the range of plants tested there was an overall trend for the newly moulted adult to synthesise and store a reserve of lipid and to lose most of the stored glycogen accumulated during the nymphal stage. N. lugens has two wing morphs, and whilst lipid deposits were greatest in the macropterous ‘migrant’ males, in females it was the brachypterous ‘reproductive’ insects that had the highest lipid deposits and also the greatest residual body weight. However, because of their lower body weight, the macropterous females had the greater percentage of lipid. Both flight willingness and the percentage of macropterous females showing flight-orientated physiological development increased with the age of the host-plant. Both survival and migration potential were lower in insects reared on the resistant rice variety compared to those reared on the susceptible variety. The pattern of post-flight resynthesis of fuels suggests that more than one major migration is unlikely.

scholarly journals Adaptation by the Brown Planthopper to Resistant Rice: A Test of Female-Derived Virulence and the Role of Yeast-like Symbionts

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 908
Author(s):  
Finbarr G. Horgan ◽  
Ainara Peñalver Cruz ◽  
Arriza Arida ◽  
Jedeliza B. Ferrater ◽  
Carmencita C. Bernal
Keyword(s):  
Rice Variety ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Weak Evidence ◽  
Manipulative Experiments ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens Stål

The adaptation by planthoppers to feed and develop on resistant rice is a challenge for pest management in Asia. We conducted a series of manipulative experiments with the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens (Stål)) on the resistant rice variety IR62 (BPH3/BPH32 genes) to assess behavioral and bionomic changes in planthoppers exhibiting virulence adaptation. We also examined the potential role of yeast-like symbionts (YLS) in virulence adaptation by assessing progeny fitness (survival × reproduction) following controlled matings between virulent males or females and avirulent males or females, and by manipulating YLS densities in progeny through heat treatment. We found virulence-adapted planthoppers developed faster, grew larger, had adults that survived for longer, had female-biased progeny, and produced more eggs than non-selected planthoppers on the resistant variety. However, feeding capacity—as revealed through honeydew composition—remained inefficient on IR62, even after 20+ generations of exposure to the resistant host. Virulence was derived from both the male and female parents; however, females contributed more than males to progeny virulence. We found that YLS are essential for normal planthopper development and densities are highest in virulent nymphs feeding on the resistant host; however, we found only weak evidence that YLS densities contributed more to virulence. Virulence against IR62 in the brown planthopper, therefore, involves a complex of traits that encompass a series of behavioral, physiological, and genetic mechanisms, some of which are determined only by the female parent.

scholarly journals The Development and Characterization of Near-Isogenic and Pyramided Lines Carrying Resistance Genes to Brown Planthopper with the Genetic Background of Japonica Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 498
Author(s):  
Cuong D. Nguyen ◽  
Holden Verdeprado ◽  
Demeter Zita ◽  
Sachiyo Sanada-Morimura ◽  
Masaya Matsumura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens Stål

The brown planthopper (BPH: Nilaparvata lugens Stål.) is a major pest of rice, Oryza sativa, in Asia. Host plant resistance has tremendous potential to reduce the damage caused to rice by the planthopper. However, the effectiveness of resistance genes varies spatially and temporally according to BPH virulence. Understanding patterns in BPH virulence against resistance genes is necessary to efficiently and sustainably deploy resistant rice varieties. To survey BPH virulence patterns, seven near-isogenic lines (NILs), each with a single BPH resistance gene (BPH2-NIL, BPH3-NIL, BPH17-NIL, BPH20-NIL, BPH21-NIL, BPH32-NIL and BPH17-ptb-NIL) and fifteen pyramided lines (PYLs) carrying multiple resistance genes were developed with the genetic background of the japonica rice variety, Taichung 65 (T65), and assessed for resistance levels against two BPH populations (Hadano-66 and Koshi-2013 collected in Japan in 1966 and 2013, respectively). Many of the NILs and PYLs were resistant against the Hadano-66 population but were less effective against the Koshi-2013 population. Among PYLs, BPH20+BPH32-PYL and BPH2+BPH3+BPH17-PYL granted relatively high BPH resistance against Koshi-2013. The NILs and PYLs developed in this research will be useful to monitor BPH virulence prior to deploying resistant rice varieties and improve rice’s resistance to BPH in the context of regionally increasing levels of virulence.

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