Terror and Guerrilla Warfare in Latin America, 1956–1970

1990 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy P. Wickham-Crowley
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Civil Wars ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Guerrilla Warfare ◽  
Organization Of American States ◽  
Amnesty International ◽  
Human Rights Organizations ◽  
American States ◽  
At Home

Most of the extraordinary waves of terror which have swept many Latin American societies since 1970 have occurred in guerrilla-based insurgencies or even civil wars. Because of the massive body counts produced during these confrontations between revolutionaries and counterrevolutionaries based in or linked with a government, human rights organizations have issued a long series of reports about terror—especially that which has been carried out by incumbent regimes and death squads—and which has been supplemented by the exposés of the guerrillas themselves. Amnesty International, the Human Rights group in the Organization of American States (OAS), and Americas Watch have been the major international actors documenting the wave of terror. Many independent national groups, such as El Salvador's “Socorro Juridico” and other human rights organizations linked with church bodies have undertaken that more perilous task at home.

Latin America: Ignoring human rights

1977 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-48
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Political Prisoners ◽  
Annual Conference ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
Amnesty International ◽  
American States ◽  
Cancerous Cell ◽  
Executive Secretary ◽  
University Lecturers

The following is an extract from the ‘Sean MacBride’ Human Rights lecture delivered by Dr Luis Reque at the annual conference of Amnesty International at Strasbourg in September 1976 Dr Reque is the former Executive Secretary of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, an organ of the Organisation of American States. The main theme of Dr Reque's lecture was the situation of human rights in Latin America, with particular reference to countries ‘which by their repudiation and flagrant and systematic violation of human rights have come to constitute a cancerous cell, destroying freedom within the continent’. He gave evidence to show how human rights are constantly being violated (and the various inter-American pledges on this subject ignored) in Chile, Cuba, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay, with further examples from Haiti, Nicaragua and Guatemala. Dr Reque listed many cases of people who have died as a result of torture, with journalists, writers, artists, university lecturers and students figuring prominently on his list. But the problem is not simply one of the torture and in many instances death of political prisoners; often those arrested just disappear, the authorities denying the arrest despite denunciations by the families of the individuals concerned. One of the most disturbing aspects of Dr Reque's lecture is his account of the difficulties encountered by the Inter-American Commission of Human Rights (CIDH) in its attempts to promote and protect human rights in this area. We print here the part of Dr Reque's speech in which he refers to the obstacles placed in the path of the Commission by various governments in Latin America.

Introductory Remarks by César L. Coronel Ortega

2020 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 323-324
Author(s):  
César L. Coronel Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Democratic Governance ◽  
Organization Of American States ◽  
Regional Institutions ◽  
Community Or ◽  
American States ◽  
The Future ◽  
Andean Community

As the title of the session indicates, we will be exploring the future of multilateralism in Latin America, which will inevitably entail looking at its record. Criticisms of multilateralism in the region abound, from recurrent debates about the effectiveness of the Organization of American States (OAS) and other regional institutions in promoting democratic governance and human rights, to the alleged failure of the Andean Community or Mercosur and similar organizations to promote true integration or economic development, or the difficulties in multilateral approaches to addressing crises such as those in Venezuela, Nicaragua, or Haiti.

Judicial Interactions and Human Rights Contestations in Latin America

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Contesse
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Case Law ◽  
The Past ◽  
National Courts ◽  
American States ◽  
History Of ◽  
Potential Mode ◽  
International Adjudication

Abstract The Inter-American Court of Human Rights is one of the world's most active human rights tribunals. Through an impressive history of case law, the Court has exerted significant influence upon Latin American states. In recent years, however, states and domestic national courts have challenged the Inter-American Court's authority in more complex and potentially more damaging ways than in the past. By exploring how the Inter-American Court of Human Rights has expanded its reach upon states, and how states engage in turn, the Article examines ways of interaction that can enhance or debilitate the Court's authority and influence on states. The Article explores recent dissents as a potential mode of resistance, especially when coupled with states' unease towards international adjudication and suggests ways in which the Court may respond to such challenges in order to protect and enhance its authority.

scholarly journals Democratic Values, Religiosity, and Support for Same-Sex Marriage in Latin America

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 75-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle L. Dion ◽  
Jordi Díez
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Democratic Values ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Same Sex Marriage ◽  
Same Sex Couples ◽  
Latin American Countries

AbstractLatin America has been at the forefront of the expansion of rights for same-sex couples. Proponents of same-sex marriage frame the issue as related to human rights and democratic deepening; opponents emphasize morality tied to religious values. Elite framing shapes public opinion when frames resonate with individuals’ values and the frame source is deemed credible. Using surveys in 18 Latin American countries in 2010 and 2012, this article demonstrates that democratic values are associated with support for same-sex marriage while religiosity reduces support, particularly among strong democrats. The tension between democratic and religious values is particularly salient for women, people who live outside the capital city, and people who came of age during or before democratization.

The course of integration processes in Latin America through the prism of CELAC activities

2021 ◽  
pp. 234-242
Author(s):  
А.Е. Суглобов ◽  
О.Г. Карпович
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Organization Of American States ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
American States ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Caribbean

В настоящей статье рассматриваются вопросы интеграционного развития в государствах Латинской Америки и Карибского бассейна с учетом новых глобальных изменений. Анализируются вопросы сотрудничества СЕЛАК с Российской Федерацией, Китайской Народной Республикой, Организацией американских государств. This article examines the issues of integration development in Latin America and the Caribbean, taking into account new global changes. The issues of cooperation between CELAC and the Russian Federation, the People's Republic of China, and the Organization of American States are analyzed.

scholarly journals Economic sanctions and human rights: an analysis of competing enforcement strategies in Latin America

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiane de Andrade Lucena Carneiro
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Economic Sanctions ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
Political Terror ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

This article addresses the consequences of economic sanctions for the protection of human rights in Latin America. The literature on sanctions and compliance informs three hypotheses, which investigate the relationship between sanctions and the level of rights protection in two groups of countries: those that were targeted by sanctions and those that were not. Using data from the Political Terror Scale (PTS) and from Freedom House, I find empirical evidence that sanctions do improve the level of protection in countries that were not targeted. This finding can be explained by the deterrent effect attributed to sanctions by the compliance literature, broadly interpreted. The presence of economic sanctions in a given year increases the probability of observing better human rights practices by almost 50%. These results hold for the 12 Latin American countries that were not subject to economic sanctions for the period 1976-2004.

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