Work Authority in Industry: The Happy Demise of the Ideal Type

1992 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 679-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharyne Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Ideal Type ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
Type I ◽  
Berlin Wall ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Social ◽  
Historical Specificity ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Ideal

Recent dramatic changes in the social and political organization of Eastern Europe and what was the Soviet Union have led to a widespread reformulation of certain generic terms that have long plagued comparative scholarship. Similarly, with the destruction of the monolithic Berlin Wall has come the imperative to deconstruct monolithic terms, such as communism or traditionalism, which have often obfuscated difference and negated geographical and historical specificity. In this essay, and in the spirit of laying to rest the ghost of the ideal type, I compare the work and authority relations in Chinese and Soviet factories in the 1960s and 1970s. When the differing variables that coalesced to form distinctive patterns of labor relations in these two countries during those years are more clearly understood, it will be possible to discuss the current patterns of change with greater accuracy. In addition, when the essentially structuralist constraints of an overarching communist type are loosened, it is also possible to reintroduce actors into the dialectic and to enrich the comparison with finer social and historical detail.

scholarly journals Revisiting Capitalism through Social Business Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 177-190
Author(s):  
Krishna Raj Bhandari ◽  
Kshitiz Baral
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Nobel Laureate ◽  
Social Business ◽  
Berlin Wall ◽  
Sustainable Performance ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future

Seeing the fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of the Soviet Union gave a false hope to the proponent of capitalism that it is the only hope for the future. However, this very belief is crumbling the western societies with the rise of the populism and nationalism. Amidst this confusion, this paper revisited the published literature on social business model suggested by Nobel Laureate prof. Muhammad Yunus and added a new dimension of entrepreneurial attention suggested by Ocasio (1997). Propositions are derived on how the entrepreneurial attention increases the sustainable performance of the social business.

Dissent among the Non-Russian Peoples of the USSR: A Brief Commentary from the Sociological Perspective

1973 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Tönu Parming
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Sociological Perspective ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Central Importance ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Ideal

The present brief commentary is focused primarily on a topic which at first appearance might seem tangential, but which nevertheless is of central importance to a sociological study of dissent among the non-Russian people of the Soviet Union, who together make up approximately one-half of that country's total population. Ongoing sociological study of any phenomenon ideally is characterized by a data-theory cycle, where a conceptual or theoretical model or framework helps guide empirical research, and where the social reality manifest in observations or the data collected continually tests and refines the guiding model or framework. The ideal is, of course, rarely attained, a matter most noticeable and pronounced in the study of “Soviet minorities.”

scholarly journals The Adenauer Era: Anxieties and Traumas of Violence in the Postwar Period

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jost Dülffer
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
Postwar Period ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
Master Narrative ◽  
Berlin Wall ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
German Question ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
The 1960S

Researching and writing contemporary history move forward in acertain rhythm. Today, the 1960s are the decade of major interest,whereas the 1970s increasingly are becoming the testing ground ofnew approaches and reinterpretations. By contrast, the 1950s seemof little interest—with most of the issues solved and most sourcesaccessible. But this could be a false impression, especially if onetakes into account the dominant views on this period that havebecome popular in the last years. After 1989/90, with the fall of theBerlin Wall, the unification of Germany, and the end of the ColdWar, many historians developed and corroborated an interpretationof the postwar decades—a now widely accepted master narrative ofthe “German question.” With the benefit of hindsight, they claimedthat Konrad Adenauer’s policy of Western integration was a necessaryand inevitable course, which facilitated eventual reunification.Other political options would have rendered the Federal Republic ofGermany (FRG) dangerously open to stronger communist pressure oreven would have presented the Soviet Union with the opportunity toexpand its empire to Germany as a whole.

Liberal International Theory and Imagining the End of the Cold War

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Grieco
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Berlin Wall ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
International Theory ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
East West

Liberal international theory foresaw neither the end of the east–west rivalry nor the fall of the Soviet Union. However, from the 1960s up through the 1980s, several liberal international theorists put forward insightful analyses of the evolution of the cold war, its changing importance in world affairs and the problems that increasingly confronted the Soviet Union. Well before the fall of the Berlin Wall, several liberal international writers sensed that the cold war was abating, that this abatement was important for world politics and that the Soviet Union was having serious problems in maintaining its status as a superpower with an Eastern European empire.

The development of trade relations between the Republic of Cyprus and the Soviet Union (1960-1963)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10-3) ◽  
pp. 258-263
Author(s):  
Argyrios Tasoulas
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Berlin Wall ◽  
International Crises ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republic Of Cyprus

This article studies the development of Soviet-Cypriot trade relations in 1960-63, based on research at the Archives of Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation (AVP RF). Concurrently, a historical analysis follows the events after the creation of the new Cypriot state and the two major Cold War crises (the building of the Berlin wall and the Cuban missile crisis). The efforts made by both governments to develop bilateral trade, the aftermath of the two major international crises and the results of the two governments’ policies have been identified and analyzed.

RESTORATION OF THE INFRASTRUCTURE OF YALTA IN 1944

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (72) (4) ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
N. D. Borshchik
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Southern Coast ◽  
Recreational Facilities ◽  
Soviet Leadership ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Resorts ◽  
Post War ◽  
Short Time

The article considers little-studied stories in Russian historiography about the post-war state of Yalta — one of the most famous health resorts of the Soviet Union, the «pearl» of the southern coast of Crimea. Based on the analysis of mainly archival sources, the most important measures of the party and Soviet leadership bodies, the heads of garrisons immediately after the withdrawal of the fascist occupation regime were analyzed. It was established that the authorities paid priority attention not only to the destroyed economy and infrastructure, but also to the speedy introduction of all-Union and departmental sanatoriums and recreation houses, other recreational facilities. As a result of their coordinated actions in the region, food industry enterprises, collective farms and cooperative artels, objects of cultural heritage and the social and everyday sphere were put into operation in a short time.

Genesis, essence and structure of pedagogical technology “Cooperative learning”

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
Nikita I. Khmarenko
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Education System ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Traditional Education ◽  
Learning Goals ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The 1960S

The emergence of pedagogical technologies and their mass introduction dates back to the 1960s. Reformation of the American and European schools was provoked by reinterpretation of the learning goals. However, the historical roots of some pedagogical technologies are much older than studies of J. Carroll and D. Bruner – renowned authorities in this area of research. One of these technologies is cooperative learning. Initially recognized as a key component of humanistic pedagogy of J. Dewey, this technology has been further developed in works of many Soviet and foreign scholars. In the 1920s, the works by J. Dewey had a serious impact on the reformation of the Soviet education system, which aimed to educate the entire population of the Soviet Union. However, for some reasons, the gradual introduction of cooperative learning into learning process took a break in the 1930s. Since the late 1990s, a serious pedagogical crisis has emerged in the Russian Federation, which cannot be mended by traditional education system; it encourages many teachers to look at the well-studied pedagogical technologies from a different perspective. Today the social order sets new requirements concerning a major breakthrough in training a person. Teamwork and analytical thinking skills, the ability to lifelong self-education and self-develop-ment require fundamental changes in the traditional education system. At the same time, for the successful implementation of pedagogical technology, it is necessary to resolve a number of issues related to the essence of the concept of cooperative learning and the definition of components. Research relevance is indicated, the historical roots and essence of the concept of pedagogical technology of cooperative learning are determined, examples of the practical application of models of this pedagogical technology are exemplified.

Гocкaпитaлизм, Coциaльныe Клaccы, Культуpный Лaндшaфт Coвeтcкoй Дepeвни Cтaлинcкoгo и Пocлecтaлинcкoгo Bpeмeни

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-337 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
The State ◽  
Specific System ◽  
State Capitalism ◽  
Agrarian Society ◽  
Cultural Transformations ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Economic Exploitation ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The 1960S

This article analyzes socio-economic and cultural transformations in the Soviet village from the end of the 1920s until the 1980s. The authors identify the agrarian system of that time as state capitalism and reveal that during the 1950s and 1960s, capital that played a leading role in Soviet agriculture. The authors argue that the emergence of state capitalism was due to the interaction of the state, collective farms, and peasant holdings. The preservation of traditional peasant holdings allowed the state to build a specific system of non-economic exploitation, the core of which existed until the beginning of the 1960s. The authors connect the formation of agrarian capitalism with the creation of new rural classes. The authors conclude that from the 1920s to the 1980s, a combination of economic, political and socio-cultural factors led to the transformation of the agrarian society in the Soviet Union into the state capitalism.

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