Bare Particulars and Acquaintance: A Reply to Mr. Trentman

Dialogue ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 580-583
Author(s):  
Kenneth Barber

Consider two red disks having the same non-relational properties. That they are two and not one, it is claimed by some philosophers, can only be accounted for by claiming that each disk contains an individuator, i.e., a bare particular, which is merely numerically different from the particular in the other disk. While sucli a claim is clearly dialectical, one need not rest the case for bare particulars solely on the dialectical argument. One can, by giving an accurate phenomenological description of the situation containing the two red disks, also attempt to show that one is in fact acquainted with such entities. This latter possibility, however, has recently been challenged by Trentman on the grounds that one cannot give such a description without presupposing the existence of bare particulars.

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-437
Author(s):  
Helmut Pape

That reality, and in particular the (dynamic) objects of signs, are independent of our thoughts or other representations is a crucial thesis of Peirce’s realism. On the other hand, his semiotics implies the claim that all reality and all real objects are real for us only because of the signs we use. Do these two claims contradict, even exclude, each other? I will argue that both Peirce’s metaphysics and his semiotics provide a natural via media: a structural account of the openness of processes, featuring transitive relations, connects process ontology implicit in his evolutionary metaphysics and the relational, quasi-inferential features embodied in interpretational sequences of signs. It is shown that Peirce’s notion of a sign, its normative role and his account of the directional force of objects implies a sort of logical causality that supports the unity of objects. In this way sign sequences are able to relate flexibly sign use with contextually specified independent objects. That is to say, relational properties of object-oriented chains of interpretations provide sign users with a flexible, fallibilistic instrument able to capture by contingent identity relations (teridentity) of the identity of objects in changing situations.Includes: Comment by Francesco Bellucci (pp. 433–437).


1998 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 537-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lester

Students were asked to complete separate Repertory Grids for their family members and for their college professors. The constructs elicited for each group (family members versus professors) were rated as more appropriate for the group for which they were elicited than for the other group. The responses on the REP Grid for professors were somewhat simpler than those on the REP Grid for family members.


2021 ◽  
pp. 110-122
Author(s):  
Jochen Dreher

Does the phenomenological paradigm omit the examination of the problem of power? Frequently formulated criticisms of phenomenological thought underline that it would be characterized by oblivion of power. The following line of argument will demonstrate that phenomenology and phenomenologically oriented sociology do have the theoretical potential to open up a critical perspective as well as to analyze phenomena of power. The focus will be on the basic question on how the phenomenological perspective can be used to investigate power structures, social inequality, justice, violence, subjective and intersubjective experiences of alienation and suffering. In this sense some reflections will be presented on how phenomenological description is used as critical diagnosis. The paper deals on the one hand with criticism of the phenomenological paradigm of an alleged oblivion of power, and on the other hand it reflects upon the this paradigm'spotential of with respect to a formulation of social critique.


Philosophy ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (172) ◽  
pp. 87-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Odegard

The word ‘dualism’ can be used to pick out at least four different theories concerning the relationship between mind and body.(1) A mind and a body are two different entities and each is “had” by a man. A man is thus a composite being with two components, one “inner”, the other “outer”. You, for example, are a man and your mind is “inner” in the sense that you alone can reflectively experience yourself thinking, or feeling pain, or seeing colours (or at least that you alone can reflectively experience your own thoughts, feelings and visual experiences). I can in a sense observe you thinking, but only by observing you use your body in certain ways—e.g. to make certain sounds, write certain things, look at the pages of an open book and frown. My “experience” of you thinking (or of your thoughts) is thus not a reflective experience. Your body is “outer”, on the other hand, in the sense that you cannot experience it or its (non-relational) properties in any exclusive way. That is, in whatever sense you can be said to experience your body, someone else can equally be said to experience it.


2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Chwastek

Abstract Some physical concepts important for a hysteresis model (effective field, anhysteretic magnetization) are discussed on the example of Jiles-Atherton model. The Jiles-Atherton model reveals some drawbacks, which make this model more difficult to be applied in electrical engineering. In particular, it does not describe accurately the magnetization curves after a reversal, moreover complex magnetization cycles are poorly represented. On the other hand, the phenomenological description proposed by Takács seems to be a valuable alternative to the Jiles-Atherton formalism. The concept of effective field may be easily incorporated in the description.


Problemos ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalius Jonkus

Klausimas apie transcendenciją šiuolaikinės fenomenologijos diskusijose susiejamas su klausimu apie jusliškumą. Jutimai tradiciškai suvokiami kaip išorybės ir vidujybės tarpininkai. Nagrinėdamas objekto duotį patirtyje Edmundas Husserlis įsteigia materijos ir formos perskyrą. Grynieji įspūdžiai pateikiami kaip tokia pirminė patyrimo medžiaga, kuri tampa prasminga tiktai per intencionalų formavimą. Michelis Henry supriešina materialią ir intencionalią fenomenologiją. Jis siekia parodyti, jog be grynųjų įspūdžių analizės nebūtų galima ir intencionali fenomenologija. Henry mano, kad Husserlis aiškiai neatsako į klausimą apie juslinės materijos ir intencionalios formos santykį. Be to, jis teigia, jog Husserlis šį santykį interpretuoja pripažindamas intencionalios formos pirmenybę. Taigi Henry siekia reabilituoti materialinę fenomenologiją, nes būtent joje t. y. juslinėje materijoje, kaip tik ir glūdi, jo manymu, bet kokios pirminės duoties paslaptis. Šis posūkis į materialiąją fenomenologiją reabilituoja „gyvenimo imanencijos“ filosofiją. Tačiau Wilhelmo Schapo, Martino Heideggerio ir Maurice’o Merleau-Ponty pateikti fenomenologiniai aprašymai parodo, kad jusliškumas yra ne imanencijos ir transcendencijos tarpininkas, bet tokia transcendentali empirijos plotmė, kurią įmanoma aprašyti tik atmetant grynųjų įspūdžių sampratą.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: hiletiniai duomenys, intencionali forma, jusliškumas, fenomenologija.Transformation of the Notion of Sensibility in Contemporary PhenomenologyDalius JonkusSummaryThe question about transcendence in the contemporary phenomenology is related to the conception of sensibility. Michel Henry and Emanuel Levinas from one side and Aron Gurwitsch and Maurice Merleau-Ponty from the other side have totaly different understandings of sensibility. Analysing sensibility, Husserl elaborates a distinction between hyletic data and animating noesis. He claims that, from one side, hyle itself means nothing without intentional morfe, and, from the other side, the intuitive presentation of an object arises only on the basis of experienced complex of sensations. Michel Henry finds striking contrast between material and intentional phenomenology. He states that without pure impressions intentional phenomenology is impossible. According to him, Husserl gives preference to the intentional morfe and leaves behind the pure impression of sensuous hyletic data. Michel Henry’s task is to rehabilitate material phenomenology, he stresses that sensuous data keeps the secret of primal experience. This turn to material phenomenology rehabilitates „immanence of life“ and creates new form of empiricism. Aron Gurwitsch criticizes construction of hyle-morfe distinction. He claims that descriptive analysis of direct experience fails to ascertain such an intermediary stratum. Also phenomenological description demonstrates that sensibility is not a mediator between immanence and transcendence, but the domain of interaction between senses which create consciousness of meaning. My purpose is to show that this refutation of the hyle in general has important consequences. Phenomenology gives not only a redefinition of the concepts of noesis and intentionality, but also reforms the concept of time.Keywords: hyletic data, intentional morfe, sensibility, phenomenology.


2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (131) ◽  
pp. 313-329
Author(s):  
Dietmar J. Wetzel

The article deals with the essentially communication-based working performance of executives in service business by focussing on the aspect of corruption. From interviews with executives one can generally conclude how their working performance results in a reinforced functionalization of morals. These morals represent the other side of the -at timescorrupted circumstances at the place of work. Departing from an interactional and personal level the author continues with his socio-phenomenological description concerning two further levels: the level of the company and the level of the "empire".


Problemos ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-126
Author(s):  
Tatiana Shchyttsova

The essay carries out the primary phenomenological explication of rapprochement (drawing nearer) as a fundamental mode of Being-with-one-another. Proceeding from the existential interpretation of space given in Heidegger's Being and Time the author shows that Heidegger's clarification concentrates exclusively on the relation to an ready-to-hand equipment and ignores the question of how nearness and distance in the relation to the Other are determined while the very approach chosen by Heidegger for such clarification turns to be unacceptable for this new question. In this connection the paper is aimed, first of all, at letting the phenomenon show itself. It is achieved due to the phenomenological description of the experience of death of the near one. This experience proves the fact of nearness in its immediate evidence and in actu. Explication of the phenomenon of drawing nearer allows, finally, to introduce several basic characteristics which distinguish the world of nearness from the world of publicity.


1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (03) ◽  
pp. 411-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin W. Stearn

Stromatoporoids are the principal framebuilding organisms in the patch reef that is part of the reservoir of the Normandville field. The reef is 10 m thick and 1.5 km2in area and demonstrates that stromatoporoids retained their ability to build reefal edifices into Famennian time despite the biotic crisis at the close of Frasnian time. The fauna is dominated by labechiids but includes three non-labechiid species. The most abundant species isStylostroma sinense(Dong) butLabechia palliseriStearn is also common. Both these species are highly variable and are described in terms of multiple phases that occur in a single skeleton. The other species described areClathrostromacf.C. jukkenseYavorsky,Gerronostromasp. (a columnar species), andStromatoporasp. The fauna belongs in Famennian/Strunian assemblage 2 as defined by Stearn et al. (1988).


1967 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 207-244
Author(s):  
R. P. Kraft

(Ed. note:Encouraged by the success of the more informal approach in Christy's presentation, we tried an even more extreme experiment in this session, I-D. In essence, Kraft held the floor continuously all morning, and for the hour and a half afternoon session, serving as a combined Summary-Introductory speaker and a marathon-moderator of a running discussion on the line spectrum of cepheids. There was almost continuous interruption of his presentation; and most points raised from the floor were followed through in detail, no matter how digressive to the main presentation. This approach turned out to be much too extreme. It is wearing on the speaker, and the other members of the symposium feel more like an audience and less like participants in a dissective discussion. Because Kraft presented a compendious collection of empirical information, and, based on it, an exceedingly novel series of suggestions on the cepheid problem, these defects were probably aggravated by the first and alleviated by the second. I am much indebted to Kraft for working with me on a preliminary editing, to try to delete the side-excursions and to retain coherence about the main points. As usual, however, all responsibility for defects in final editing is wholly my own.)


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