PREDICTING NURSERY GROWTH AND TRANSPLANTING SHOCK IN RICE

2001 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOIN U. SALAM ◽  
JAMES W. JONES ◽  
KAZUHIKO KOBAYASHI
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Rice Growth ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Shock Process ◽  
Independent Field ◽  
Crop Development ◽  
Transplanting Shock

Seedling growth in the nursery and the magnitude of shock experienced by the seedlings after transplanting can affect subsequent growth and development of transplanted rice (Oryza sativa). These two processes have not been adequately represented by rice growth simulation models. In this study, seedling growth in the nursery was described with respect to endosperm mobilization, dry matter (DM) distribution and seed size. In addition, the transplanting shock process was represented describing the crop development and growth in relation to seedling age at transplanting. These relationships, as two sub-models, were incorporated into CERES-Rice, a rice growth model, and their performances compared with independent field data. The nursery growth sub-model was also evaluated with another model, RIBHAB. Results of the comparison showed that the nursery growth sub-model, either with CERES-Rice or RIBHAB, closely predicted observed seedling growth. On the other hand, CERES-Rice overestimated root and leaf DM and underestimated culm DM, while RIBHAB underestimated all the growth traits considered in the evaluation. Transplanting shock period predicted by the sub-model closely mimicked observation, whereas CERES-Rice highly overestimated it. It is concluded that the developed nursery growth and transplanting shock sub-models can be incorporated into CERES-Rice and other rice growth models for better simulation of those growth processes.

Seedling Growth Characteristics of 24 Provenances of Larix principis-rupprechtii

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 1099-1103
Author(s):  
Guo Jun Zhang ◽  
Cheng He Wang ◽  
Min Hua Zhao ◽  
Wan Qi Wang ◽  
Jun Ming Yang
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Membership Value

Seedling growth traits of 24 provenances of Larix principis-rupprechtii were analyzed to select superior provenances. Variance and correlation on height, basal diameter, root length, root and stem fresh weight of 1-year old and 2-year old seedlings of those provenances were analyzed. Then correlation coefficients between these growth traits and membership value of height and basal diameter of 24 provenances were carried on. Results showed that variance on growth traits of 1-year old seedlings among 24 provenances were only significant for height, but for basal diameter, height, root and stem fresh weight of 2-year old seedlings. Based on correlation coefficients between growth traits, height and basal diameter were selected for comprehensive evaluation. The top 5 provenances of Larix principis-rupprechtii were Neimeng Balinzuo, Hebei Weichang 1-21, 7-46, 8-75, and Beijing, according to average of membership value of height and basal diameter.

scholarly journals Role of seed priming in improving seed germination and seedling growth of maize (Zea mays L.) under rain fed condition

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash Shrestha ◽  
Shreena Pradhan ◽  
Jenny Shrestha ◽  
Mahesh Subedi
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Urea Solution ◽  
Common Salt ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Maize Varieties

Seed priming enhances early seed emergence and proper crop stand establishment which enables the crop to capture more soil moisture, nutrients, and solar radiation. An on-farm experiment was conducted in Okhaldhunga, Nepal to study the effect of six different priming treatments (50 millimoles common salt solution, 200 millimoles urea solution, 1 percent MOP solution, 2.5 times diluted urine, water, and control) on germination and growth of two maize varieties, Manakamana-3 and Nutan-IL60. The experiment was set up in factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. Various germination traits: germination percent, seedling vigour, germination index, mean germination time, and seedling growth traits: shoot length, root length, and dry root weight, were studied. Nitrogen-based (Urea and Urine) priming resulted the most desirable change for the studied traits. Nitrogen-based priming also had significant positive effect on stress tolerance related traits like root length and dry root weight.

scholarly journals Triacontanol Reduces Transplanting Shock in Machine-Transplanted Rice by Improving the Growth and Antioxidant Systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaochun Li ◽  
Qiuyi Zhong ◽  
Yuxiang Li ◽  
Ganghua Li ◽  
Yanfeng Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Transplanting Shock

Extracting Fire Engineering Simulation Data from the IFC Building Information Model

2010 ◽  
pp. 212-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Spearpoint
Keyword(s):  
Growth Models ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Fire Simulation ◽  
Product Model ◽  
Building Product ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Fire Engineering ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Computationally Intensive

Fire engineering is a distinctive discipline within the construction industry that has its own language, design goals and analytical approaches. The use of sophisticated and computationally intensive numerical fire simulation tools is becoming more prevalent and the ability to share building-related data is getting serious consideration within the discipline. This chapter examines what fire engineers would like to achieve and how building information modelling (BIM) fits in with those goals. It discusses the types of fire simulation models that fire engineers use and gives a brief description of two particular fire growth models which use different means to represent a fire scenario. The chapter then considers how the IFC building product model can be used to transfer building geometry and property data to fire simulation models. Two commercial BIM tools have been used to create some simple test case buildings to illustrate the transfer process and highlight some of the problems encountered. Finally, the chapter describes some of the challenges involved in sharing building data with fire simulation models and provides recommendations for further work.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Open Source Urban Simulation Models Applied to Colombo City and Environs in Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
P. Jayasinghe ◽  
L.N. Kantakumar ◽  
V. Raghavan ◽  
G. Yonezawa
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Surface Generation ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Urban Simulation

Availability of a variety of urban growth models make model selection to be an important factor in urban simulation studies. In this regard, a comparative evaluation of available urban growth models helps to choose a suitable model for the study area. Thus, we selected three open-source simulation models namely FUTURES, SLEUTH and MOLUSCE to compare in their simplest state to provide a guidance for selection of an urban growth model for Colombo. The urban extent maps of 1997, 2005, 2008, 2014 and 2019 derived from Landsat imageries were used in calibration and validation of models. Models were implemented with the minimum required data with default settings. The simulation results indicate that the estimated quantity of urban growth (148.91 km2) during 2008-2019 by FUTURES model is matching closely with observed urban growth (127.37 km2) during 2008-2019. On the other hand, the SLEUTH model showed an overestimation (250.56 km2) and MOLUSCE showed an underestimation (77.11 km2). Further, the spatial accuracy of urban growth simulation of SLEUTH (Figure of Merit = 0.26) is relatively better in comparison to FUTURES (0.20) and MOLUSCE (0.20). Considering the tradeoff between computational overheads and obtained results, FUTURES could be a good choice over SLEUTH and MOLUSCE, when these models implemented in their simplest form with minimum required datasets. As a future work, we propose the incorporation of exclusion factor for potential surface generation to mitigate the overestimation of urban areas in SLUETH.

scholarly journals Boron induces seed germination and seedling growth of Hordeum vulgare L. under Nacl stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1224-1234
Author(s):  
Saud A. Alamri ◽  
Manzer H Siddiqui ◽  
Mutahhar Y. Al-Khaishani ◽  
Hayssam M. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Barley Plant ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Viable Cells

Boron (B), an essential micronutrient, helps the plants to complete their life cycle successfully. Therefore, the present experiment was conducted to study (1) the role of B in seed germination and seedling growth, (2) the toxicity effect of B in seed germination and seedling growth and (3) the role of B in tolerance of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. var. ‘Bakore’) to NaCl stress. Under NaCl stress and non-stress conditions, application of high levels of B (100 µM) decreased parameters of germination (G%, VI, GI and MGT), growth (RL, SL, RFW, SFW, RDW and SDW), except the accumulation of Pro and MDA in barley seedlings. Also, a fluorescence study reveals that production of ROS (H2O2 and O2 •—) and non-viable cells increased in roots of barley seedlings treated with NaCl and high dose of B. An alteration in anatomical structure of barley seedlings was observed with the application of NaCl and high dose of B. However, a low concentration of B (50 µM) proved best and increased all germination and growth traits of barley seedlings by increasing further accumulation of Pro. Also, 50 µM of B significantly increased the biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigments (Chl a, b and total Chl) and deceased formation of ROS and viable cells in roots. Therefore, concluded that sufficient dose of B could be beneficial for barley plant in improving the tolerance to NaCl stress.

Appropriate growth models to describe early growth of Kejobong goat based on Growth Hormone (GH) gene sequence analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-135
Author(s):  
S. Sutopo ◽  
D. A. Lestari ◽  
T. Oikawa ◽  
T. Konno ◽  
E. Purbowati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Heterozygous Genotype ◽  
Homozygous Genotype ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
Gh Gene

The objectives of this study were to reveal appropriate growth models describing early growth of Kejobong goat based on Growth Hormone (GH) gene sequence analysis. A total of 35 DNA samples and 1.960 records of quantitative traits of Kejobong goat were collected. The exon 3 of GH gene was amplified and was sequenced to determine the SNP. Body weight and body measurements of the goats were taken at 0-14 weeks of age. Four non-linear growth models were applied for analysis of growth to compare growth performance of different genotypes by Non-Linear Mixed Model. A non-synonymous mutation (g1170AG) genotyped into GG, AG and AA was significantly associated with growth traits. Animals with heterozygous genotype AG showed higher growth traits than animals with homozygous genotype AA. Nonetheless, animals with homozygous genotype GG had the same growth traits with those animals with heterozygous genotype AG and homozygous genotype AA. The most fitted model for describing body weight was Von Bertalanffy model, while for describing wither height and hip height was Brody model. SNP at exon 3 of the GH gene can be used as genetic marker for improvement of growth traits of Kejobong goats.

Relationships among seed weight components, seedling growth traits, and predicted field breeding values in slash pine

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1550-1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott E. Surles ◽  
Timothy L. White ◽  
Gary R. Hodge ◽  
Mary L. Duryea
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Germination Vigor

Dry weights of seed components (seed coat, gametophyte, and embryo), germination vigor (peak value and days to 50% germination), and three seedling growth traits (total height, stem dry weight, and shoot dry weight) under regimes of low (5 ppm) and high (50 ppm) nitrogen were measured for 64 open-pollinated families of slash pine (Pinuselliottii Engelm.) that have been field tested for 5- and 15-year volume growth. There were moderate to strong relationships among the seed components using the 64 family means (r = 0.80 between gametophyte weight and embryo weight; r = 0.68 between seed-coat weight and embryo weight; r = 0.50 between seed-coat weight and gametophyte weight). Seed-coat, gametophyte, and embryo weight, expressed as a percentage of total seed weight, were approximately 44, 50, and 6%, respectively, and those percentages were similar for small, medium, and large seed size classes. Family mean correlations between seed weight components and seedling growth traits were generally high at 12 weeks and decreased at 24 and 40 weeks, depending on the trait; however, most correlations remained statistically significant throughout the 80-week measurement. Correlations between seed components and seedling traits were generally higher in the high-N regime at 12 weeks, but by the 40- or 80-week measurements, correlations were generally higher in the low-N regime. Among the seed weight components, embryo weight consistently had the strongest relationship with seedling growth traits. Family mean correlations between germination vigor indices and seedling growth traits were high at 12 weeks, but declined significantly thereafter. Correlations between seed weight components and predicted field breeding values for 5- and 15-year volume growth were significantly greater than zero, and indicated that embryo weight in particular may be useful in genetic selection for volume growth. Owing to the strong relationship between seed weight components and shoot growth throughout the second growing season and beyond, statistical adjustments for seed weight effects in slash pine might remove useful genetic variation.

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