Circular Economy of Dharavi

As developing nations continue to progress, people of these countries face problems of shortages in building materials and rising production of solid waste. The purpose of this research study is to explore the potential of establishing a circular economy by recycling/reusing solid waste as alternative building materials. Focused on the slum of Dharavi in Mumbai, a settlement well-known for its existing recycling business, this article explores the concept of a circular economy utilizing local informal labor by considering the flow of waste materials in the slum. This article presents an analysis of the case studies where waste is reused as a building product and identifies the gaps, advantages, and disadvantages related to how and where the building materials from the case studies could be adapted in the context of the Dharavi slum.

NANOTECHNOLOGIES IN CONSTRUCTION

Problem statement. Cosmetics, clothing, and even food packaging: nanomaterials have invaded our daily lives. The construction and construction sector is no exception, and is undoubtedly one of the largest users of this technology. It is difficult to know if a building product contains nanomaterials. Indeed, unlike certain products, such as cosmetics, food or biocides (insecticides, detergents), no regulations establish special labeling. However, they are very widespread and are used to improve the properties of most materials: cement, plaster, glass, tiles, insulation metals, paints, etc. The benefits of using nanoparticles in construction are huge, promising extraordinary physical and chemical properties for modified building materials. Among the many different types of nanoparticles, titanium dioxide, carbon nanotubes, silicon dioxide, copper, clay, and aluminum oxide are the most widely used nanoparticles in the construction sector [1]. The purpose of this article is to analyze the use of nanoparticles in the construction industry to illustrate the benefits of using nanoparticles and address the short − and long-term effects of nanoparticles on the environment and human health in the microcosm of industry, so that the results can be generalized. Results. The use of nanotechnologies in construction and their properties are analyzed. Scientific novelty and practical significance. The problem of using nanothenologies in construction is analyzed.

Food product design with Wijaya Kusuma character based on pleasurable design

Understanding and appreciation of the identity of the Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya with the motto Anggung Wimbuh Linuwih, which means always growing and developing for the better, needs to be done. The strategy that can be applied is to design a superior product that has the character of Wijaya Kusuma This food product was designed with the nuances of the character of Wijaya Kusuma. The product that reviewed in this research is chocolate product. Food product design in this study used the concept of pleasurable design, which reviews product design from the aspects of functionality, usability, and pleasure. Pleasurable design was chosen with the consideration that this product design method involves customers as product users to participate in building product designs as needed and wanted. The purpose of this study was to determine the attributes of chocolate products according to market demand, as well as to design a chocolate product design with the character of Wijaya Kusuma values. Based on the research results obtained 16 product configurations based on seven product attributes (taste, sweetness level, texture, shape, packaging method, health benefits, and appearance/profile). Attributes that have a high importance value are attributes of appearance/profile and taste. Attributes of appearance/profile can directly describe the character of Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya. while the taste attribute is one of the key attributes in food products. Product design 5 (chocolate taste, slightly sweet, texture of slightly hard, rectangle shape, folded packaging method, no preservatives, and UWKS logo profile) became the selected product with a total utility value of 10.75.

Stability Relevant Properties of an SiO2 Aerogel-Based Rendering and Its Application on Buildings

Aerogel-based renderings and plasters have been spreading throughout Europe for nearly a decade. Several national and EU-funded projects have addressed this interesting building product, both at research level within academia and at application level within R&D of renowned industrial enterprises. At present, a number of investigations into the hygro-thermal, chemical and application properties of a commercially successful aerogel-based rendering and its main ingredient, SiO2 aerogel granules, have been undertaken. Immersion in water showed that even under harsh circumstances water does not enter the aerogel granules, but rather accumulates in the porous phase surrounding the granules. A further immersion in calcium hydroxide at different temperatures did not affect the aerogel granule either, which indicates the robustness of the granules with respect to their exposure to moisture and chemical deterioration emerging from the construction materials the rendering is applied on. An executed application to a historic building with a structured finish, and without any reinforcement mesh, showed the advantage of a versatile applicability of this rendering when the external appearance and visible details of a façade must be kept unchanged. The investigation is rounded off by an infrared picture taken on a cold day showing the thermal influence of the aerogel-based rendering, and its effectiveness for reducing heat loss in buildings.

PENERAPAN METODE DESAIN SPRINT PADA SISTEM PENDISTRIBUSIAN DAN PENGADAAN BARANG MENGGUNAKAN MOBILE

CV Ra'Abas Bandarlampung is a trading business engaged in the distribution and procurement of goods that distributes its merchandise to customers. Problems that exist in the distribution process, namely the manufacture of sales notes and invoices for delivery still done manually, namely by writing on notes and invoices for delivery of goods to be given to customers so that it slows down employee performance. The sprint method is a method for building product concepts and prototypes within 5 minutes. a day where it has 5 very communicative and interactive stages to bring out all ideas, inspiration, creativity, existing problems.. The next stage is to make a sketch of the application to be built, the sketch made is a sketch for the login display, dashboard, customer data, goods data, supplier data, procurement data, receipt data, and goods distribution data. The next stage is to make a decision from the previous stage by determining the results of the sketch that has been made from the procurement and distribution system of goods that can overcome the problems that occur in CV Ra'Abas.

Influence of Boric Acid Additive on Physical Properties of Utilizing Wastes for Producing Eco-Friendly Fired Clay Tiles

This paper aimed at studying the influence of additive material boric acid in eco-friendly fired clay tiles. It is used as additive material by mixing with rice husk ash (RHA), brown glass cullet (BGC), local clay (LC), and sediment soil (SS). Effects of boric acid on the physical properties of ceramic bodies were investigated. The texture of specimen by utilizing waste materials was also studied. Mixture formulations consisted of 60% BGC, 10% RHA, 0-30% LC, and 0-30% SS with varying boric acid addition of 0-2%. Specimens were formed by uniaxial pressing with 100 bars, fired at 850 and 900°C, heating rate 100°C/h, and soaked for 1 h. The results showed that adding boric acid up to 2% had increased the flexural strength and decreased the water absorption of these specimens when fired at 850°C. On the contrary, the effects of adding boric acid fired at 900°C had decreased flexural strength and increased water absorption that showed the phenomenon of expanding specimens. However, the optimal formula of these clay tiles both fired at 850 and 900°C have passed the Thai Industrial Standards (TIS 2508-2555); Type BIII. Scanning electron microscope should they that microstructure characterization was in the glassy crystalline phase was found in high flexural strength specimens. In summary, exploiting boric acid can improve the physical properties of specimens with a low firing temperature, and fired clay wall tiles can be developed in this study. They can be identified as an environmentally eco-friendly building product.

BIM and Mechanical Engineering—A Cross-Disciplinary Analysis

Mechanical Engineering (ME) includes the design, manufacturing, assembly, and maintenance of mechanical subsystems for Architecture, Engineering, Construction, and Owner-Operator (AECO) projects. The intense adoption of information and communication technology in the AECO started with building product modelling, which was originally pioneered in the ME domain (i.e., automotive industry). The complexity and limited openness of product models paved the way for Building Information Modelling (BIM). Today, BIM workflows require an exchange of interoperable architecture, structure, and MEP/HVAC models and their seamless integration into a shared BIM model. Many specialized ME systems exist (i.e., medical gases and vacuum) for which BIM is not mature enough and where the role of BIM has not yet been studied. Therefore, a comprehensive cross-disciplinary analysis on the mutual influence of the BIM and the ME domain is needed for researchers and professionals. It identifies research fields and trends at the intersection of BIM and ME and analyzes their scope, limitations, and requirements for future extensions of BIM for better integration with ME. The analysis is based on an extensive literature search considering the interdisciplinary nature of ME. The initial collection of papers has undergone a rigorous bibliometric analysis that used a text mining approach for validation. Results show the field “Industry 4.0” as the most prosperous BIM influencing research field, followed by “Energy optimisation” and “Environmental Product Declaration”, while identifying “Geometric optimisation” and “Reinforced material” as the trendiest. Finally, conclusions on the impact of BIM on ME were drawn and 11 research opportunities were identified. This paper provides directions for studies where research is focused on the integration of ME systems in BIM workflows and on the extension of BIM capability to model future ME systems.

Study on parameters on cutting AAC by wires

Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) is a Lightweight, Load-bearing, High-insulating, Durable building product, which is produced in a wide range of sizes and strengths. AAC Blocks is lightweight and when compared to the red bricks, AAC blocks are three times lighter. AAC block is rapidly developing in Vietnam. The block has more advantages such as precast, and easy installation. AAC is produced from the common materials: lime, sand, cement and water, and a small amount of rising agent. After mixing and molding, it is then autoclaved under heat and pressure to create its unique properties. Then, the AAC block will be cut into block brick by steel wire. When cutting the ACC block, the block brick surface must be smooth so that it is unnecessary to mortar. Furthermore, the roughness of the surface must be smaller than 0.1mm to paint the wall easily. The block dimension also need high precision so that the wall will be straight when blocks are superposed. However, in this paper, the roughness of the block surface will be only researched because the roughness will decide the cost, and the dimension decide the estheticism of wall. The block is made by using steel wires to cut big AAC blocks into small blocks. Effects of processing parameters on the performance of the steel wire sawing processes are wire speed, feed rate and tension. Each parameter will affect surface quality with different effects. In addition, these parameters affect each other, which causes scratches on the AAC surface. Experiments will be made to measure the height of roughness with the change of wire speed, feed rate and tension. The best parameters will be found, which helps the AAC manufacturer to obtain the higher quality.

SCANNING RITEL STORE USING THE BUSINESS MODEL CANVAS METHOD

The retail industry in Indonesia is currently experiencing unpredictable ups and downs. Many retail stores are closed and new ones keep popping up. Changes in the environment that keep happening make retail owners / management have to understand the changes themselves. For this reason, the business model must be determined in order to be able to compete with competitors. The purpose of this study is to determine the Wendys retail store business model using the (BMC) Business Model Canvas method. This research method uses descriptive analysis with the Business Model Canvas method using primary and secondary data. The customer segment of the Wendys retail store is local residents. Its value proposition is convenience of the shop building, product layout on the storefront, easy access, friendly service and product completeness. The main channels used are shop buildings and social media. Customer Relations is a delivery service for certain customers. Key activities are finding suppliers at low prices, purchasing products, processing products for sale (sorting, packaging), and keeping merchandise clean, well-maintained and resaleable. Main Resources owned are shop buildings, shop facilities and shop attendants. Its main partners are consumer goods suppliers and retail store communities. The cost structure includes operational costs which include product maintenance and maintenance, salaries, electricity, water. Non-operational costs depreciation of building value. The revenue stream is only from product sales.