On the Age Relations of the Connemara Migmatites and the Galway Granite, West of Ireland

1963 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Leake ◽  
P. J. Leggo
Keyword(s):  
Strong Evidence ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Potash Felspar ◽  
Age Relations ◽  
North Western ◽  
West Of Ireland

AbstractContrary to a previously published view, evidence is given to show that the Galway Granite is entirely later than both the quartzandesine migmatization and the potash-felspar migmatization in Connemara, and that the Oughterard Granite is probably earlier than the Galway Granite, not later. There is also strong evidence against regarding the foliated marginal granite of the north and north-east border of the Galway Granite as being different in origin from the marginal granite often found in the southern, western, and north-western borders. These results agree with the radio-chemical date of 365 m.y. determined for part of the Galway Granite.

scholarly journals Echinoidea from Western Persia

1920 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 500-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Gregory ◽  
Ethel Currie
Keyword(s):  
Main Road ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Geological Map ◽  
North Western

THE Geological Department of Glasgow University has recently received from Dr. W. R. Smellie and Mr. J. V. Harrison some fossils collected by them which throw further light on the age of the limestones of the Persian arc at the north-western end of Luristan, about 100 miles north-east of Baghdad. The locality, Gilan, is on a tributary of the Diala, about 30 miles south-east of Kasr-i-Shirin, a well-known station on the main road from Baghdad to Teheran. The geology of this part of the Persian frontier has been investigated by J. de Morgan (Miss. Sci. Perse, vol. iii, pt. i, Étud. Géol., 1905, pp. 71–112), who has given a geological map (ibid., pl. xix) of an area about 60 miles south-east of Gilan. De Morgan has identified there a folded series of Cretaceous and Eocene limestones, with lacustrine and gypsiferous Miocene beds. The locality at which the fossils were collected by Messrs. Smellie and Harrison is in line with the strike of the rocks in the area of de Morgan's map.

scholarly journals KLYUCHEVSKOY VOLCANO: NEW FLANK ERUPTION NAMED AFTER G.S. GORSHKOV, 2021 (KAMCHATKA)

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
A.Yu. Ozerov ◽  
◽  
O.A. Girina, ◽  
D.V. Melnikov, ◽  
I.A. Nuzhdaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flow ◽  
Cinder Cone ◽  
Western Slope ◽  
Flank Eruption ◽  
Associate Member ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
River Bed ◽  
North Western

February 18, 2021, a flank eruption started on the north-western slope of the Klyuchevskoy Volcano (Kamchatka, Russia). Cinder cone was formed at the altitude of 2 850 m above sea level, from which a lava flow was spreading north-west. Having moved 1.2 km downslope, the lava flow entered the Ehrmann Glacier, which resulted in the formation of huge mud-stone flows. The latter made their way further north-east along the Kruten’kaya River bed and reached the length of about 30 km. The eruption brought onto the surface high-aluminous basaltic andesites typical of the Klyuchevskoy Volcano. By March 21, the flank eruption ended. It has been named after G.S. Gorshkov, associate member of USSR Academy of Science, famous Russian volcanologist.

The Carlingford Culture

1960 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 98-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
John X. W. P. Corcoran
Keyword(s):  
Present Writer ◽  
Royal Irish Academy ◽  
The West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
West Of Ireland

This paper is devoted to a study of the horned-cairns of the North-east of Ireland and their associated artifacts. The term ‘horned-cairn’ is used to describe those segmented gallery-graves set in a long cairn and entered from a semi-circular forecourt delimited by an orthostatic facade. It is realized that this term is not altogether satisfactory, but it has the virtue of brevity and its usage is now well established. Some contemporary Irish prehistorians, notably Professor Ruaidhrí de Valéra, have suggested the term ‘court-cairn’ for all the manifestations in Ireland of the segmented gallery-grave having elaborate structural forecourts. This would include cairns in the West of Ireland with completely enclosed courts (described as court-cairns in this paper) as well as horned-cairns proper. The confusion which might arise from the use of such terms as ‘full court-cairn’, ‘half court-cairn’, ‘forecourt-cairn’ and the like have decided the present writer to retain in this paper the simple terms ‘horned-cairn’ and ‘court-cairn’.This study is divided into two main sections. The first is descriptive, being concerned with horned-cairns and associated artifacts and the second attempts to place the Carlingford Culture as a whole in its context in prehistory. In view of the paucity of detailed information about court-cairns, particularly the almost complete lack of excavation, no detailed study is made of these. At the time of going to press it is understood that a paper by Professor de Valéra on the court-cairns of the west is about to be published in the Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy.

Alphaea alfreda, a new species from China and Myanmar (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4623 (2) ◽  
pp. 396-400
Author(s):  
ANTON V. VOLYNKIN ◽  
AIDAS SALDAITIS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Wing Pattern ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
North Western ◽  
A New Species

The arctiine genus Alphaea Walker, 1855 is distributed in North and North East India, Nepal, southern China and northern Indochina. The genus was recently reviewed by Dubatolov & Kishida (2005). It is subdivided into three subgenera, Alphaea, Flavalphaea Dubatolov & Kishida, 2005 and Nayaca Moore, 1979 and includes 10 valid species. During a lepidopterological expedition to the north-western part of China’s Yunnan Province in May of 2018, an undetermined species of Alphaea was collected. The Chinese specimens have the wing pattern very similar to that of A. (Flavalphaea) khasiana (Rothschild, 1910), but red and black abdomen (that is orange and black in A. khasiana). 

The Ancient Road Systems of the Central and Northern Ager Faliscus. (Notes on Southern Etruria, 2)

1957 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 67-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Frederiksen ◽  
J. B. Ward Perkins
Keyword(s):  
Northern Limit ◽  
The West ◽  
North West ◽  
The Road ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Arterial Road ◽  
Road Systems ◽  
The Right ◽  
North Western

The modern Via Cassia, now as in antiquity the great arterial road up through the heart of south-eastern Etruria, after crossing the Fosso dell'Olgiata less than a kilometre to the west of the north-western gate of Veii, climbs steadily for about 7 km. to cross the Monti Sabatini, the line of extinct volcanic craters that runs eastwards from Lake Bracciano, forming a natural northern boundary to the Roman Campagna. After cutting through the southern crest of the crater of Baccano, with its magnificent views southwards and eastwards over Rome towards Tivoli, Palestrina and the Alban Hills, the road drops into the crater, skirts round the east side of the former lake, and climbs again to the far rim, before dropping once more into the head of the Treia basin, on its way to Monterosi and Sutri.From this vantage-point a whole new landscape is spread out before one (pl. XLVII). To the west and north-west, the tangle of volcanic hills that forms the northern limit of the Monti Sabatini, rising at its highest point to the conical peak of Monte Rocca Romana (612 m.); beyond and to the right of those, past Monterosi and filling the whole of the north-western horizon, some 10–15 km. distant, the spreading bulk of Monte Cimino (1053 m.), with its characteristically volcanic, twin-peaked profile; to the north and north-east, the gently rolling woods and fields of the Faliscan plain, deceptively smooth, stretching away to the distant Tiber.

Frozen Rivers and Fault Lines

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Searle
Keyword(s):  
Western Himalaya ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
The Road ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Golden Eagles ◽  
Trade Route ◽  
Winter Time ◽  
The Himalaya ◽  
North Western

After seven summer field seasons working in the north-western Himalaya in India, I had heard of a winter trade route that must rank as one of the most outlandish journeys in the Himalaya. The largely Buddhist Kingdoms of Ladakh and Zanskar are high, arid, mountainous lands to the north of the Greater Himalayan Range and in the rain shadow of the summer monsoon. Whereas the southern slopes of the Himalaya range from dense sub-tropical jungles and bamboo forests to rhododendron woods and magnificent alpine pastures carpeted in spring flowers, the barren icy lands to the north are the realm of the snow leopard, the yak, and the golden eagles and lammergeier vultures that soar overhead. The Zanskar Valley lies immediately north-east of the 6–7,000-metre-high peaks of the Himalayan crest and has about thirty permanent settlements, including about ten Buddhist monasteries. I had seen the Zanskar Ranges from the summit of White Sail in Kulu and later spent four summer seasons mapping the geology along the main trekking routes. In summer, trekking routes cross the Himalaya westwards to Kashmir, southwards to Himachal Pradesh, and northwards to Leh, the ancient capital of Ladakh. Winter snows close the Zanskar Valley from the outside world for up to six months a year when temperatures plummet to minus 38oC. Central Zanskar is a large blank on the map, virtually inaccessible, with steepsided jagged limestone mountains and deep canyons. The Zanskar River carves a fantastic gorge through this mountain range and for only a few weeks in the middle of winter the river freezes. The Chaddur, the walk along the frozen Zanskar River, takes about ten to twelve days from Zanskar to the Indus Valley and, in winter time, was the only way in or out before the road to Kargil was constructed. I mentioned this winter trek to Ben Stephenson during our summer fieldwork in Kishtwar and he stopped suddenly, turned around, and said ‘Mike we just have to do this trek!’ So the idea of a winter journey into Zanskar was born, and four of us set off from Oxford in January 1995.

I.—The Building up of the North Atlantic Tertiary Volcanic Plateau

1916 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 385-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Hawkes
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Red Beds ◽  
Volcanic History ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
North Western

It is many years ago since Sir Archibald Geikie pointed out that the Tertiary basalts of the Western Isles of Scotland and North-East Ireland were remnants of plateaux built up of lavas extruded from fissures after the manner described by von Richthofen. In historic times fissure eruptions have taken place in Iceland, and in The Ancient Volcanoes of Great Britain a chapter is included on “The Modern Volcanoes of Iceland as illustrative of the Tertiary Volcanic History of North-Western Europe” (1, p. 260). Whilst little remains to be added in support of the very definite analogy exhibited in the nature of the lava streams themselves, the equivalent of the thin bands of red rock so typically intercalated in the Tertiary series has not been particularly examined, and I have visited Iceland in order to study the red beds themselves and search for their counterparts in the modern lava deserts.

An application of stable isotope techniques for the investigation of geographic origin of water–investigation of the Mareza Spring near Podgorica (Montenegro)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Radulovic ◽  
Micha Horacek ◽  
Goran Sekulic ◽  
Ivana Ćipranić ◽  
Slobodan Živaljević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Recharge Area ◽  
Altitude Effect ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Karst Terrains ◽  
North Western ◽  
Study Monitoring

<p>Mareza Spring is used for the water supply of Podgorica (capital of Montenegro) since over 70 years. It is located in the central part of Montenegro in the north-western part of Podgorica Valley. The recharge area and origin of groundwater of this karstic source are not known well. This is primarily due to the fact that drainage divides in karst terrains are the unknown and insufficiently examined segments. There are a few hypotheses about the origin of water: 1. from the Zeta River which flows few kilometres north-east from Mareza Spring, 2. from the Morača River which partly sinks at the exit of the canyon (around 10 km east from Mareza Spring), and 3. from the Prekornica Mountain recharge area that is located 10-20 km north-east from the spring (that is a karst plateau with average altitude around 1,000 m asl). Therefore, the isotopic techniques (altitude effect, comparison) could be useful for testing these assumptions. In the present study monitoring of stable isotopes (<sup>2</sup>H, <sup>18</sup>O) in precipitation, surface water and groundwater of this area is carried out to determine the origin of water and adequate protection of Mareza Spring.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Baeothryon alpinum (L.) T.V. Egorova (Cypercaeae) in the Polish Lowlands: distribution, population decrease and implications for conservation

2011 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-223
Author(s):  
Paweł Pawlikowski
Keyword(s):  
Lake District ◽  
Southern Poland ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Population Decrease ◽  
General Importance ◽  
Adjacent Part ◽  
Minor Losses ◽  
First Time ◽  
North Western

A total of 47 localities of <em>Baeothryon alpinum</em>, hosting population of more than 100 000 shoots, were recorded in the lowland part of Poland during field surveys in the years 2003-2009. Among them were 25 populations discovered for the first time. Out of 57 sites of the species known from literature and unpublished (including herbarium) sources, 35 were not confirmed during the survey, 27 of them being definitely extinct. <em>B. alpinum</em> shows a clear pattern of distribution in Poland, with three main areas of occurrence: 1) the north-easternmost Poland (Lithuanian Lake District with the adjacent parts of the Masurian Lake District and the upper Biebrza river valley in North Podlasie Lowlands), which is part of the species boreal main range; 2) scattered localities in north-western Poland; 3) mountain mires at higher altitudes in the Sudetes and Tatra mountains and the adjacent part of southern Poland. The main aggregation of localities is found in Augustów Forest (including the Sejny Lakeland and Wigry National Park), and in the Góry Sudawskie region with adjacent areas. The biggest Polish population in the "Kobyla Biel" fen near Augustów consisted of several dozens of thousands of shoots. The Lithuanian Lake District is an area of general importance for the conservation of <em>B. alpinum</em> in Poland. The species is threatened, first of all, due to secondary succession (mires overgrowing with shrubs, trees and reed) and requires conservation measures as well as establishing nature reserves in places where it occurs. The degree that <em>B. alpinum</em> decreases in number is strikingly different in particular regions of Poland - it has lost most of its localities in north-western Poland and in Masurian Lake District, while in the Lithuanian Lake District and the upper Biebrza valley there are minor losses only. Depending on the region (from the west to the east and from the south-west to the north-east), the species should be given extinct or critically endangered (regions of north-western and southern Poland), endangered (Masurian Lake District), vulnerable (North Podlasie Lowlands) and near threatened (Lithuanian lake District) status. Although the disappearance of the populations beyond the species main range is a common phenomenon, the presented pattern is man-related and connected with differences in land management.

scholarly journals An Upper Triassic, Norian-Rhaetian, outlier in Skåne, southern Sweden

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
M. Erlström ◽  
D. Guy Ohlson
Keyword(s):  
Fault Zone ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Crystalline Basement ◽  
Southern Sweden ◽  
Railway Tunnel ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Small Fault ◽  
North Western

A new outlier of Upper Triassic sedimentary strata has been found in a small fault bounded trough within geological domains dominated by Precambrian crys-talline rocks. It was discovered in connection with pre-investigations and exca-vation of a new railway tunnel through the Hallandsås Horst in the north-western part of Skåne. It consists of a 15 m thick succession of pre-Quaternary strata on top of the kaolinized crystalline basement. The lower 10 m consists of red clays, mudstones and sandstones, interpreted as belonging to the Norian Kågeröd For-mation. It is followed by fine and medium-grained, light grey and whitish, cross-bedded sandstones, clays, coals and rootlet beds belonging to the Rhaetian-Hettangian Höganäs Formation. Palynological investigations reveal a rich well preserved palynomorph assemblage of Rhaetian age for the upper part of the section which is interpreted to have been deposited in a brackish-freshwater en-vironment. The new locality together with other scattered outliers north-east of the Kullen-Ringsjön-Andrarum Fault Zone, represent the erosional remains of a pre-existing, much larger distribution of Upper Triassic strata in Skåne

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