Book Recommendation System Using Machine Learning

Users can use book recommendation systems to search and select books from a number of options available on the web or elsewhere electronic sources. They give the user a little bit selection of products that fit the description, given a large group of objects and a description of the user needs. Our system will simply provide recommendations. Recommendations are based on previous user activity, such as purchase, habits, reviews, and likes. These systems gain lot of interest. In the proposed system, we have a big problem: when the user buys book, we want to recommend some books that the user can enjoy. Buyers also have a great deal of options when it comes to recommending the best and most appropriate books for them. User development privacy while placing small and minor losses of accuracy. Recommendations. The proposed recommendation system will provide user's ability to view and search the publications and using the Support Vector Machine (SVM), will list the most purchased and top rated books based on the subject name given as input. Keywords: Recommender System, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Machine Learning, Classification etc.

PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTOCLAVE REACTOR AGITATOR

Machines are an important factor in the industrial world to produce a product in a company. PT. XYZ is a company engaged in the food industry for sweeteners processed from tapioca flour and corn flour where, through research observations, data is obtained that there are problems that are often faced such as damage to the Agitator Autoclave machine, unavailability of spare parts ( spare parts) needed when there is a breakdown and a breakdown schedule for maintenance workers who have to work overtime. The purpose of this study is to determine the current condition of machine maintenance to reduce damage or failures, the level of machine effectiveness and provide alternative solutions to increase machine effectiveness. The research method used is quantitative using the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) method, Six Big Losses, Failure Modes and Effects Analysis. The results of the study resulted in an Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) value of 75.07%. The low OEE value on the Agitator Autoclave machine is due to the low performance factor because the engine speed does not match its ideal speed and also the low idle and minor losses in the losses factor caused by frequent breakdowns. Suggestions and suggestions that can be recommended are to periodically evaluate machines and replace old machines.

Successful Implementation of Managed Pressure Drilling and Managed Pressure Cementing Techniques in Fractured Carbonate Formation Prone to Total Lost Circulation in Far North Region

Drilling reservoir section in the oilfield located in Far North region is challenged with high risks of mud losses ranging from relatively minor losses to severe lost circulation. Numerous attempts to cure losses with traditional methods have been inefficient and unsuccessful. This paper describes implementation of Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) and Managed Pressure Cementing (MPC) techniques to drill 6-1/8″ hole section, run and cement 5″ liner managing bottomhole pressure and overcoming wellbore construction challenges. Application of MPD technique enabled drilling 6-1/8″ hole section with statically underbalanced mud holding constant bottom hole pressure both in static and dynamic conditions. The drilling window uncertainty made it difficult to plan for the correct mud weight (MW) to drill the section. The MW and MPD design were chosen after risk assessment and based on the decisions from drilling operator. Coriolis flowmeter proved to be essential in deciphering minor losses and allowed quick response to changing conditions. Upon reaching target depth, the well was displaced to heavier mud in MPD mode prior to open hole logging and MPC. MPD techniques allowed the client to drill thru fractured formation without losses or gains in just a couple of days as compared to the months of drilling time the wells usually took to mitigate wellbore problems, such as total losses, kicks, differential sticking, etc. This job helped the client to save time and reduce well construction costs while optimizing drilling performance. Conventional cementing was not feasible in previous wells because of risks of losses, which were eliminated with MPC technique: bottomhole pressure (BHP) was kept below expected loss zones that provided necessary height of cement and a good barrier required to complete and produce the well. Successful zonal isolation applying MPC technique was confirmed by cement bond log and casing integrity test. Throughout the project, real-time data transmission was available to the client and engineering support team in town. This provided pro-active monitoring and real-time process optimization in response to wellbore changes. MPD techniques helped the client to drill the well in record time with the lowest possible mud weight consequently reducing mud requirements. The MPD system allowed obtaining pertinent reservoir data, such as pore pressure and fracture pressure gradients in uncertain geological conditions.

A Model for Correcting the Pressure Drop between Two Monoliths

This paper is concerned with the modeling of the pressure drop through monolith honeycombs. Monolith substrates are promising for the intensification of catalytic processes, especially because of their low back-pressure. There have been several improvements in the modeling of monolith reactors during the last decade, most of them focused on a single substrate configuration, while research in multiple substrates in a single reactor is still sparse. One example is the so-called "minor losses", such as those because of the flow entering and leaving a substrate. Both phenomena interact when two monoliths are placed close in series, and the extra losses produced by them may become relevant when relatively short monoliths are used. In this paper, a spatially resolved computational model of monolith channels arranged in series is used to compute the extra pressure drop because of the flow leaving one substrate and entering the next one downstream. Several Reynolds numbers and spacing lengths for the channels between substrates are investigated. According to the results, for close-coupled monoliths, the inlet and outlet effects produce a negligible pressure drop compared to that in a single monolith configuration. This phenomenon can be accounted for by introducing a correction factor. The magnitude of the correction factor depends on the channel’s Reynolds number, diameter, and spacing length. A model for such a factor is proposed. The model accurately predicts the trend and magnitude of the correction factor.

ANALISIS PENGARUH PERUBAHAN KATUP PADA PIPA GALVANIS DAN STAINLESS TERHADAP KERUGIAN HEAD

Kehilangan energy merupakan factor yang mempengaruhi kapasitas pipa sebagai sarana penghantar aliran, baik air maupun minyak.Kehilangan energy menyebabkan terjadinya pengurangan debit aliran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbandingan besaran kerugian head (major losses) fluida galvanis dan stainless dan kerugian head (minor losses) fluida pada alat bantu sambungan galeu valve,sambungan tee dan lbow. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode analisis data dilakukan dalam 2 tahap pengujian head losses, head mayor losses dan minor losses. pengujian dilakukan 3 variasi debit aliran yang nilainya di sesuaikan dengan bukaan katup. Hasil analisis head losses dari reservoir ke pipa distribusi di dapat kehilangan tekanan akibat pergeseran antara dinding pipa dengan fluida (mayor losses), untuk pipa galvanis dengan faktor gesekan dalam pipa dari pembukaan katub pertama (1.157) kedua (1.282) ketiga. Sedangkan untuk kerugian head pada alat bantu pipa (minor losses) galve valve,sambungan tee,dan lbow dengan faktor kerugian yang di hasilkan untuk paling besar terdapat pada sambungan tee dengan hasil setiap pembukaan katub pertama (75.91) kedua (71.17) ketiga (66.42) Dan faktor kerugian pada Galve valve menghasilkan dari pembukaan katub pertama (71.17) kedua (56.94) dan ketiga (42,69) dan paling terendah ada pada lbow dengan hasil nilai dari pembukaan katub pertama kedua (61.67) kedua (68.80) ketiga (75.91).Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat di simpulkan bahwa kerugian head (mayor losses) pada pipa galvanis dan stainless. untuk pipa galvanis lebih besar tingkat kerugiannya di banding pipa stainless.Sedangkan pada alat bantu pipa (minir losses) nilai kerugian terbesar pada sambungan tee,kemudian galeu valve dan yang paling kecil pada lbow.

Implementasi Metode Overall Equipment Effectiveness Berbasis Six Big Losses Guna Mengevaluasi Efektivitas Mesin Packing Semen

Integrated maintenance management is an important factor in maintaining the stability of machine operations in manufacturing companies. PT AAAA Factory Gresik is a cement manufacturing company, where the Section Division of Gresik Finish Mill Packer Operation has a problem of downtime cement packing machine 40 kg and causes production delay. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the 40kg cement packing machine as well as to calculate losses due to unproductiveness of the packing machine. Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE), Six Big Losses, and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) were used as research method. This study found that OEE value for January-December 2019 of 41.25% are considered as lower percentage in compare with the ideal value of international standards which is 85%. Moreover, the largest average losses are found, namely reduce speed losses, idle and stoppages minor losses and defects in process with percentage in following order, 4.49%, 4.49% and 2.76%.Result from FMEA analysis have been identified 3 highest Risk Priority Number (RPN), namely transportation with an RPN value of 294, the second RPN value of 288 is a blockage in the packing machine, finally the engine button is jammed with an RPN value of 252. The proposed improvement scenario is the start of the engine operating operators checking and cleaning machines regularly and the marketing division expands the sales market.

The Innovative Integration of Wellbore Strengthening and Managed-Pressure Drilling Redraw the Line Between Undrillable and Drillable - Case Study from Offshore Mediterranean Deepwater

Managed pressure drilling (MPD) has a reputation for enhancing drilling performance. However, in this study, we use it as a technology for making undrillable wells drillable. In the deepwater of the Mediterranean of Egypt, a gas field has been producing for few years. Water broke through in one well, thus, we must drill a new well to compensate for the reduction in production. Years of production led to pressure depletion, which makes it difficult to drill this well conventionally. In this study, we will discuss the combination of MPD and wellbore strengthening (WS). In addition, we will discuss the challenges we met while drilling and how we tackled them, and the best practices and recommendations for similar applications. The 12¼" × 13½" hole section passed depleted sands, followed by a pressure ramp. First, we drilled the depleted sands and confirmed the pressure ramp top. To strengthen the sand, we spotted a stress-cage pill of 645 bbls with a total concentration of 29 ppb. In addition, we conducted a formation integrity test (FIT), but its value was lower than the required value to drill to the section target depth (TD). Then, we switched to MPD and increased the mud weight. MPD in annular pressure control mode (AP) enabled us to walk the edge as near as possible to the impossible. Drilling this section was challenging due to the narrow mud weight window (MWW). We faced kick-loss cycles, where we had high-gas levels (from 20% to 55%) while drilling with a loss rate from 60 to 255 bph, at the same time. The 8½″ × 9½″ hole section will cover a depleted reservoir. Therefore, we decided to use the MPD to drill this section. To widen the MWW, we decided to stress-caging the hole, as we drill. We loaded the active-mud system with stress-cage materials totaling 39 ppb. We drilled the hole section while keeping the bottom hole pressure (BHP) at 14.6 ppg. We drilled using MPD by maintaining 525-psi surface back pressure (SBP). We used the SBP mode (semi-auto mode) to add connections, resulting in minor background gases and minor losses. This study discusses the application of a novel combination of MPD and WS. It emphasizes how MPD can integrate with other technologies to offer a practical solution to future drilling challenges in deepwater-drilling environments.

Numerical Investigation of a Globe Control Valve and Estimating its Loss Coefficient at Different Opening States

One of the most important components of fluid transmission systems is a control valve located in the pipelines of oil, gas, etc. The primary purpose of this valve is to control the rate of fluid flow passing through it under pressure changes and the most important issue is to investigate the flow’s characteristics in order to achieve a proper geometry to control the flow rate and pressure as desired. The valves used in pipelines add to the overall head loss of the system. Therefore, valves with proper geometry can reduce these minor losses and finally decrease total energy losses. In this paper, a globe control valve is modeled and then numerically investigated to extract its functional relation, which relates pressure ratio to inlet Reynolds number, and estimate its loss coefficient at the valve’s different opening states which have not been addressed completely before and can be beneficial for the selection and usage of globe valves under certain conditions. According to the results, it is found that pressure ratio and loss coefficient are functions of inlet velocity and the valve’s opening state’s percentage, which are directly related to the valve’s geometry. When the valve opens, the rate of change in pressure ratio and loss coefficient are very sharp. Gradually, this rate decreases and the results tend to the final value at the valve’s fully opened state.