What Does It Mean, “Promoting Democratization”?

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-9
Author(s):  
Sheila Carapico
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Summary Table ◽  
International Agencies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Albert Hirschman ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Political Speeches ◽  
Electoral Representation

Political speeches and even policy analysis from Washington, Ottawa, and the capitals of Europe about promoting democratization have tended in the past two decades toward generalities and platitudes. This research asks what Western and international agencies actually do on the ground in the Middle East to foment democracy. Taking my inspiration from the sociologist Albert Hirschman, who decades ago observed that projects are “privileged particles” of socio-economic development assistance, I have collected well over 1,200 examples. This summary table illustrates the aggregate finding that most projects cluster around electoral representation, legal or judicial development, and support for liberal elements of civil society—and that they are mostly about collecting or distributing information or supporting institutions to do this work.

scholarly journals socialist city

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (68) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Elena Grigoryeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Good Thing ◽  
Main Topic ◽  
Social Experiments ◽  
House Construction ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
The Times

The period of the “socialist project” occupied the biggest part of the 20th century. Hugescale social experiments have greatly shaped the present-day city’s appearance. The second half of the 20th century evidenced an unprecedented volume of housing and industrial technologies in house construction and design. Most of us, today’s citizens, live in the neighborhoods and houses built during the socialist era.Belgrade and Split, Sverdlovsk, Sevastopol, Magnitogorsk, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Khabarovsk, Odessa, Moscow – all the cities represented in this issue demonstrate the achievements of the period of the “socialist project”.Having defined the historical heritage as a phenomenon of the socio-economic development, the civil society of Irkutsk pointed out again the urgency of this issue. It also concerns other cities that respect their history. Without history, without heritage, there is no future. Including the heritage of the 20th century.We would like to devote the main topic of the issue to recollections of how residential neighborhoods were formed in socialist cities, what people and what processes defined that formation, in which cases the ideology influenced the appearance of cities, and in which cases cities grew and developed according to their internal regularities. The purpose is not only to pay our respect to wonderful masters, but also to learn the humanistic approaches to space arrangement from them again. It is a good thing in the times of domination of completely different goals related to making a quick profit. It is a good thing for all.

FUNDAMENTALISM, BUREAUCRATIZATION, AND THE STATE'S CO-OPTATION OF RELIGION: A JORDANIAN CASE STUDY

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard T. Antoun
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Middle East ◽  
The State ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Half Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Equal Duration ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
Past Half

In the Middle East over the past half-century, three religious processes have grown together. One, the growth of fundamentalism, has received worldwide attention both by academics and journalists. The others, the bureaucratization of religion and the state co-optation of religion, of equal duration but no less importance, have received much less attention. The bureaucratization of religion focuses on the hierarchicalization of religious specialists and state co-optation of religion focuses on their neutralization as political opponents. Few commentators link the three processes. In Jordan, fundamentalism, the bureaucratization of religion (BOR), and state co-optation of religion (SCR) have become entwined sometimes in mutually supportive and sometimes in antagonistic relations. The following case study will describe and analyze the implications of this mutual entanglement for the relations of state and civil society and for the human beings simultaneously bureaucratized and “fundamentalized.”

Protest groups signal shift in Middle East politics

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Civil Wars ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Protest Movements ◽  
Grassroots Politics ◽  
The Past ◽  
Arab Uprisings ◽  
Middle East Politics

Subject Civil society protest movements in Iraq and Lebanon. Significance Protest movements in the Middle East have been curtailed severely by retrenched autocratic governments and civil wars since the Arab uprisings in 2011. With their relatively open political systems, Lebanon and Iraq never participated in these protests fully. However, over the past year they have seen a resurgence in grassroots politics that could influence civil society across the region. Impacts Protest movements provide an outlet for popular frustration; their repression increases the risk of longer-term political instability. Egypt, Bahrain, Kuwait, Jordan, Tunisia and Morocco have the most favourable conditions for a revival of civil society protest movements. Such movements could play a larger role in Yemen, Libya and Syria after conflicts have ended. In the longer run, these movements could benefit business in the region by driving efforts to fight corruption and improve transparency.

scholarly journals Concept and description of Madhumegam (Diabetes mellitus) in Siddha System of Medicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1302-1304
Author(s):  
Sendhilkumar Muthappan ◽  
Muralidass SD ◽  
Eswaran Chinraji ◽  
Mantela Durairajan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
High Burden ◽  
The Past ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Healthy Body ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

Rapid socio-economic development and demographic changes, along with an increased susceptibility for Indian individuals, have led to the explosive increase in the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus in India over the past four decades. Siddha System is one of the oldest Traditional Systems of Medicine in India and predominantly practiced in southern India especially in Tamil Nadu. The vital part of Siddha Medicine is to revitalize and rejuvenate dysfunctional organs that cause the disease and to maintain a healthy body and mind. According to Siddha, all objects and living bodies are composed of five basic structural elements (Panchabhutams), namely earth, water, fire, air, and vacuum (ether). Siddha believes in the theory of Tridoshams, namely wind (Vaatham), bile (Piththam), and phlegm (Kabam). The Madhumegam has 20 types which divided into Vaatham- 4, Piththam- 6 and Kabam- 10 types. Madhumegam is a clinical condition characterized by the frequent passage of urine more than the normal resulting in deterioration and diminution of Seven Thathus. The diagnosis in the Siddha system is based on the Land (Nilam), Season (Kaalam), Pori alaridhal, Pulan alarithal, Threedosham status (Mukkutra Nilaigal), Udal Thathukal Nilai and Envagai Thervugal. As the researchers looking an alternative way for treating this high burden disease, it is the need of the hour to invests more on to create the evidence to prevent, control and treat this high burden disorder by synthesizing the evidence from the Siddha.

scholarly journals Political and socio-economic development of modern Russia: environmental obstacles and risks

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Olga Tsepilova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Extractive Industries ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
The Past ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Natural Degradation

The article deals with environmental obstructions and limitations for a dynamic political and socioeconomic development of modern Russia. Environmental problems accumulated in the past decades, including problems that appeared in the "Soviet" period of the country's development, together with growing new environmental risks, become a serious obstacle to the progressive development of the country. Contemporary Russian manufacturing practices continue to use extensively anti-environmental obsolete technologies, which lead to increasing degradation of the natural environment and an increase in negative trends in the health of the population. The absence or limited use of remediation activities in extractive industries has led to the natural degradation of a number of territories in the country. Unfavorable socio-demographic characteristics of the development for modern Russia caused by the environmental factors hinder innovative development in all spheres of society in the present period; moreover, their increasing impact will be an obstacle to socio-economic development in the future. Additionally the article discusses long-term negative trends in the development of environmental policy and weakening of the ecological spectrum of civil society.

USING OF HO CHI MINH’S IDEOLOGY ABOUT GREAT UNITY IN BUILDING THE NATIONAL GREAT SOLIDARITY TODAY

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vu Thi Thanh Minh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Renewal Process ◽  
Turning Points ◽  
Great Power ◽  
The Past ◽  
Socio Economic Development

Solidarity is an important issue that President Ho Chi Minh paid special attention during his revolutionary life. He refers to this issue right from the first revolutionary propaganda articles and until he prepared to go far, in the “Testament”, Ho Chi Minh still emphasizes solidarity and great solidarity. Immersing Ho Chi Minh’s ideology on the great solidarity, considering it a red thread, through to gather forces fighting for national independence and building the country. For the past 88 years, the Communist Party of Vietnam has always applied flexibly his ideology of solidarity. The great turning points of the nation’s history since the Party established up to now, especially the achievements of the renewal process of country, especially the achievements in socio-economic development, deep, remote, difficult areas which proved the great vitality, the great power and theoretical and practical value of Ho Chi Minh’s ideology on the national great solidarity.

scholarly journals Means for control over the activities of public authorities by civic democratic institutions: the conceptual framework analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (69) ◽  
pp. 796-813
Author(s):  
Iryna M. Gryshchenko ◽  
Alina V. Denysova ◽  
Olga O. Ovsiannikova ◽  
Hanna S. Buha ◽  
Elena I. Kiselyova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Democratic Institutions ◽  
Framework Analysis ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Civic Institutions

The purpose of the article is to develop the bases of citizen participation in the management of state affairs. The theme of the research is the participation of civil society in the process of integration in its different stages, as well as the conditions and processes of institutionalization of civil society. The objective is to study the forms of participation of civil society in the integration process and the dynamics of institutionalization of the latter. Comparative analysis was a key method. The results show that democratic civic institutions in countries with a high level of socio-economic development show a higher level of political activity than democratic institutions with a low level of socio-economic development. The effectiveness of control over the activities of public authorities is greater in the institutional agents of civil society than in the individual ones. In conclusion, the list of forms of interaction between civic and public institutions was expanded. Moreover, the article identifies new elements of the legislative machine for the control of public authorities by democratic civic institutions that seek to increase social control in thepoliticalsystem.

scholarly journals Archeologia Pubblica in Toscana

2011 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Public Archaeology ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Social Communities ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
National Workshop ◽  
University Of Florence ◽  
The University

Can archaeology be considered a factor of socio-economic development for civil society? This, in short, is the question underlying the first national workshop devoted to Public Archaeology (Archeologia Pubblica in Toscana: un progetto e una proposta, Aula Magna, 12 July 2010), organised by the Chair of Mediaeval Archaeology of the University of Florence with the collaboration of the Universities of Pisa and Siena. The meeting also provided the opportunity to communicate the socio-economic results of a case study of projects that the Tuscan universities have recently successfully developed in this sector, involving local authorities, museums, public and private enterprises in forms of active partnership. Public archaeology is seen as the updating of the original vocation of the discipline to address the contemporary, in terms of economics, governance, communication, identity of the archaeological assets and the respective social communities.

scholarly journals “New Regionalization”: Modernization of Russian Universities and Experience of Germany

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 86-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Balmasova
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Third Mission ◽  
Regional Context ◽  
The Third ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Russian Universities

The importance of the supporting universities in each region is quite high, because the main purpose of creating them is to provide an efficient cooperation between the region and the system of higher education. Through the supporting universities it is possible to solve the most pressing problems facing not only regions but also the state as a whole. The interaction between higher education and regions is associated with the strengthening of the “third mission” of universities, the implementation of which makes university a key «player» in the economic and social development of a region and introduces significant changes in the university’s relations with its partners: industry, business, government, civil society institutions. The first section of the article focuses on the identification of the main parameters of the regional activities of Russian universities as active participants in the socio-economic development of region. The second section systematizes the experience of German universities on the implementation of the «third mission» in the regional context.

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