Visible Art, Invisible Knowledge

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 563-565
Author(s):  
Persis Berlekamp
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Book Culture

Kitab Suwar al-Kawakib (The Book of the Forms of the Stars) of ʿAbd al-Rahman b. ʿUmar al-Sufi (d. 986), though based largely on Ptolemy's Almagest, included much original material. In the 20th century, its importance for scholars lay mainly in its attestation of the ways Islamicate scholarship built on classical learning. Now we are finding that it also offers fascinating insights into the complex relationship between seeing and knowing in premodern Islamic book culture. Here, I consider that relationship through analysis of the paired images of the constellation Barshawush (Perseus) from the oldest surviving manuscript, copied and likely also illustrated in 1009–1010 by al-Sufi's son.

scholarly journals L’imaginaire d’images: une réflexion sur la photographie chez Barthes, Duras et Guibert

Çédille ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 565-591
Author(s):  
Antonella Lipscomb
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Marguerite Duras ◽  
Roland Barthes ◽  
The Self ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Fine Line ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Herve Guibert

The aim of this paper is to analyse the relationship between autobiography, pho-tography and autofiction in a selection of 20th century French autobiographies, such as Roland Barthes par Roland Barthes by Roland Barthes, L’Amant by Marguerite Duras, L´Image fantôme by Hervé Guibert. I will examine the complex relationship these auto-biographers maintain with the photographic portraits they choose to integrate or simply allude to in their autobiographies and show how the conflict between textual and visual images of the self reinforce the fine line between autobiography and autofiction.

Ignorantia juris non excusat: The trial and the affirmation of the Italian legal thriller

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 532-543
Author(s):  
Francesco Bratos
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
The Political ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Literary Movement ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Unique Style

The complex relationship between literature and law has been widely debated. Over the last 20 years, the judicial novel has been the subject of renewed consideration from critics. Numerous studies have pointed out how literary and judicial practices seem characterized by common methods of narrative organization and communication of experiences. Beyond the controversy on the classification of the judicial novel as literary genre, the representation of courtrooms has undeniably become one of the recurring tropes of the 20th-century novel. Within this multifaceted literary movement, the unique style of Italian judiciary literature warrants its articulation as a distinct genre. The working hypothesis of this article is that the political and cultural centrality acquired by the Italian Magistratura, as result of a longstanding confrontation with the political powers, is essential in studying the success of the Italian judiciary novel, together with the emergence of a vast number of jurist-writers. Analyzing specifically the work of the jurist-writer Gianrico Carofiglio, I will demonstrate how the Italian legal thriller transforms the representation of the trial, dealing with the literary tradition as well as with law’s own representation.

The MAE RAS Khiwan Collections of A. N. Samoilovich

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
Valeria Prischepova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Photo Collections

The expedition of academician Alexander Nikolaevich Samoylovich (1880—1938) to the Khanate of Khiwa in 1908 have been one of the most significant trips of Peter the Great's Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera). A. N. Samoylovich's activity on gathering ethnographic material has enriched the MAE item and photo collections related to the life of Khiwan population, the Uzbeks and the Turkmen. Unfortunately, little is known about the expedition itself, its organisation, its route, and the circumstances under which the field materials were collected. The Museum collections, together with the published works of the academician, helped reveal another facet of his talent — as ethnographer and collector. A. N. Samoylovich's Museum collections represent original material, which will allow to reconstruct the cultural situation in the Khanate of Khiwa of the beginning of the 20th century.

scholarly journals Humanistic Legacy of N.A. Rubakin in the Context of Digital Noosphere Phenomenon

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-19
Author(s):  
Arkadiy V. Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Human Studies ◽  
Scientific Biography ◽  
Valuable Contribution ◽  
Silver Age ◽  
Ideological Position ◽  
Book Culture

Publication of the book by Y.N. Stolyarov “Returned Rubakin” is an extraordinary event in the domestic book culture. It is a bibliological epic, characterized by extensive social background and the variety of characters of the Russian Silver Age (the end of the 19th — the first third of the 20th century). At the same time, this book is a scientific biography of the classic of book business and a valuable contribution to the bibliological biography studies. The author concludes that prerequisites have ripened for the formation of bibliological biography studies that generalize the human studies of library scientists, bibliography scientists and book scholars. Ideological position of the epic “Returned Rubakin” is expressed by the thesis: book is the means of cultivating intelligentsia. Traditionally, intelligentsia was understood in Russia as a reasonable, educated, mentally developed part of population. The article considers the concept of intelligentsia put forward by N.A. Rubakin. This concept embodies the ethical ideal of humaneness — the intellectual scribe of the Silver Age. The author concludes with a futurological fantasy: N.A. Rubakin in the digital noosphere. The article discusses the following issues: artificial intelligence in the service of bibliopsychology; man is a captive of artificial intelligence; the hypothetical realm of inhumanity; biography studies of humaneness.

The Return of the Relative

Janus Head ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-316
Author(s):  
Phillip Tonner ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Henri Bergson ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Phenomenological Philosophy ◽  
Critical Relation

In this paper we explore the complex relationship between the philosophies of Sir William Hamilton and Henri Bergson. We then place these philosophies in a critical relation to French phenomenological philosophy, particularly, Merleau-Ponty's. By so doing we examine a historical and theoretical 'ark' that rises in 19th Century Scotland and falls in 20th Century France, an ark that has received little attention hitherto by historians of philosophy. Our aim is to open up a new dimension of these philosophies and provoke a fresh debate over their relationships and the philosophical tensions that exist between them.

scholarly journals Thinking Through Translation with Theodoros Angelopoulos: Journeys, Border Crossings, Liminality

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Şerban
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Border Crossings ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Film Festival ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Unlimited Number ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Liminal Experiences ◽  
Shed Light

In this paper, I propose to examine the question of journeys, borders, and translation in Theodoros Angelopoulos’ Trilogy of Borders: The Suspended Step of the Stork (1991), Ulysses’ Gaze (1995) and Eternity and a Day (1998), winner of the Palme d’Or at the Cannes Film Festival. It is my aim to contribute, in a small way, to the ongoing discussion about the role of translation in creating understanding, using as a case in point the work of a major contemporary poet of the screen who created his own aesthetics of the journey and whose films are vehicles of discovery, taking the viewer across many borders, on a fabulous – but often unsettling and perilous – voyage which challenges long-held assumptions about self, others, and translation. I suggest there is a plausible link between translation and liminality, a concept introduced in anthropology by Arnold van Gennep in the beginning of the 20th century and later brought to the fore by Victor Turner. I contend that, since in translation there is a tension between the (permanent) source text and the potentially unlimited number of translations, insights from anthropology can shed light on this complex relationship which resembles, in more ways than one, that between liminal experiences and the establishment of permanent structures (which are, usually, born in liminality).

scholarly journals La imagen de Hungría en el cine franquista

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 101-111
Author(s):  
András Lénárt
Keyword(s):  
European Country ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Film Industry ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Central European Country ◽  
Central European ◽  
Film Policy

The complex relationship between film and history represents a thoughtprovoking interdisciplinary research field. The formation of a suitable film policy constituted a substantial assignment in all European dictatorships of the 20th century. Among them, the cinema of Francisco Franco's regime was one of the most interesting examples. The Spanish general considered that communism was the most dangerous and a genuinely diabolical enemy of the Christian civilization. In compliance with this obsession, the regime's film industry produced quite a few movies that backed the dictator's deep-rooted anticommunism. Hungary, a Central European country under communist rule, also belonged to this paradigm: Hungarian topics, events and individuals appeared every now and then in those films that discussed the drawbacks and horrors of being part of the Soviet block. In this paper I analyze three Spanish propaganda movies from the 1950's where Hungary and Hungarians played a central role.

scholarly journals Personal Libraries in the National Museum – a Valuable Source of Information on the History of Book Culture in the 19th Century and the Early 20th Century

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 105-113
Author(s):  
Jaroslava Kašparová
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Book Publishing ◽  
Library History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Publishing Houses ◽  
Book Collections ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Book Culture

Book collections from the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century preserved in the NM are among the richest and most interesting book collections of the Czech Republic. Research into personal book collections of the NM within the NAKI project (2012–2015), including besides the historical book collection also books from the 19th and 20th centuries, has provided valuable information on the history of the entire book culture. The PROVENIO database is an important source of information and knowledge in terms of book owners and ownership provenance, library history, bibliophilia and the reception by readers, as well as the history of book binding, book publishing houses and book trade of the given period.

The Library of a Madrasa in Aleppo at the End of the Ottoman Era

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Said Aljoumani
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
National Library ◽  
Intended Audience ◽  
Job Description ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Book Culture

This study provides a unique insight into the book culture of Aleppo in the 19th century. The document at the heart of this book is the ‘renewed register of the books endowed by ʿUthmān Pāshā’. This register allows a new perspective on what subjects were taught in madrasas and what subjects such a madrasa library covered. Among its over 1200 titles we find a variety of different subjects, most importantly those concerned with the transmitted fields of knowledge. Yet, this document also sheds light on the day-to-day working of the library as it sets out the job description of the librarian, the intended audience as well as the usage conditions in previous book endowments. In a second part, this study follows the 20th-century trajectory of the books that once sat on the shelves of this library. Most importantly, it succeeds in identifying for almost half of the titles the actual manuscript among the holdings of the Syrian National Library in Damascus.

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