World Health Organization

1949 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 722-724
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
Executive Board ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Technical Assistance Program ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Second World ◽  
Voluntary Basis

The Second World Health Assembly met in Rome from June 13 to July 2, 1949 under the presidency of Dr. Karl Evang (Norway) and approved the program, policies and budget of the World Health Organization for 1950. Adopted by the Assembly and subsequently approved by the Executive Board was the regular budget of $7,893,000 of the usual contributions of member governments and a supplementary budget of $9,152,520 to be raised on a voluntary basis from member governments and used not only to extend the projects covered by the regular budget but to include projects under the United Nations technical assistance program for under-developed areas. By mid-summer Yugoslavia, Ceylon, the Dominican Republic, India and the United States had indicated their willingness to make contributions to the supplementary budget.

World Health Organization

1953 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-280
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
World Health ◽  
Director General ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Technical Assistance Program ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
National Governments ◽  
Technical Aid

The Executive Board of the World Health Organization held its eleventh session in Geneva, January 12–February 4, 1953, and nominated Dr. G. M. Candau of Brazil to succeed Dr. Brock Chisholm as Director-General when the latter's term expired in July; final action on the appointment of a new Director-General, as well as on other board recommendations, was to be taken by the WHO Assembly at the session scheduled to open on May 5. In connection with the participation of WHO in the United Nations technical assistance program, the board considered the effects of possible cuts in WHO's share of available funds. The Chairman (Jafar) noted that “health has been given a ‘back number’ in the sphere of socio-economic development”. He noted that total technical aid funds committed by WHO for the current year totaled nearly $10 million; to inform participating governments and organizations that WHO could no longer meet its commitments, Mr. Jafar continued, “will mean a reversal of policy which has encouraged national governments a great deal so far”. Other points emphasized by the board were: 1) that health projects required long forward planning on the parts of WHO and the governments concerned; 2) that the technical assistance program was one of the most important developments of the century and had been received everywhere with approval; 3) that rigid priorities for health programs were impossible since each government had to determine for itself what schemes were needed to develop its own health services; 4) that continued long-term planning would be needed in order to allow the Technical Assistance Board to know what funds would be received; 5) that reduction of administrative machinery was necessary; and 6) that in 30 months of technical assistance, WHO had received about $3 million in 1951 and $5.5 million in 1952.

The Ethics of COVID-19 Vaccine Passports

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Joseph Meaney ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
The United States ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
World Health ◽  
Medical Decisions ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Divided Society ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

COVID-19 vaccine passports run the risk of creating a divided society where social privileges or restrictions based on “fitness” lead to discrimination based on immunization status. Individuals have a strong right to be free of coercion to take a COVID-19 vaccine, and we should be very leery of further invasion of private medical decisions. These concerns are shared both internationally and in the United States, and the World Health Organization, the Biden administration, and many US governors oppose COVID-19 vaccine credentials. In addition, regulations for COVID-19 vaccine credentials face practical barriers, including lack of access globally, especially among the poor; and lack of scientific data on the efficacy of these vaccines.

(Mis)Information on Digital Platforms: Lessons from Twitter and Sina Weibo in the COVID-19 Pandemic (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Kreps
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sina Weibo ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Relative Prevalence

BACKGROUND Misinformation about COVID-19 has presented challenges to public health authorities during pandemics. Understanding the prevalence and type of misinformation across contexts offers a way to understand the discourse around COVID-19 while informing potential countermeasures. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to study COVID-19 content on two prominent microblogging platform, Twitter, based in the United States, and Sina Weibo, based in China, and compare the content and relative prevalence of misinformation to better understand public discourse of public health issues across social media and cultural contexts. METHODS A total of 3,579,575 posts were scraped from both Weibo and Twitter, focusing on content from January 30th, 2020, when the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a “Public Health Emergency of International Concern” and February 6th, 2020. A 1% random sample of tweets that contained both the English keywords “coronavirus” and “covid-19” and the equivalent Chinese characters was extracted and analyzed based on changes in the frequencies of keywords and hashtags. Misinformation on each platform was compared by manually coding and comparing posts using the World Health Organization fact-check page to adjudicate accuracy of content. RESULTS Both platforms posted about the outbreak and transmission but posts on Sina Weibo were less likely to reference controversial topics such as the World Health Organization and death and more likely to cite themes of resisting, fighting, and cheering against the coronavirus. Misinformation constituted 1.1% of Twitter content and 0.3% of Weibo content. CONCLUSIONS Quantitative and qualitative analysis of content on both platforms points to cross-platform differences in public discourse surrounding the pandemic and informs potential countermeasures for online misinformation.

scholarly journals Quality Evaluation of Ethambutol Hydrochloride Tablet Batches Available in Governmental Health Facilities of Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Meseret Yirdaw ◽  
Belachew Umeta ◽  
Yimer Mokennen
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
World Health ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
The World ◽  
Storage Area ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Jimma Town

Background. The availability of poor-quality drugs on the drug market might favor the ineffectiveness of the drug and/antimicrobial resistance. Aim. To evaluate the quality of similar batches of ethambutol hydrochloride tablets available in different governmental health facilities of Jimma town, southwest Ethiopia. Methods. The World Health Organization checklist was used to inspect the storage area of health facilities and check medicines for the sign of counterfeit. The test was conducted as per the United States Pharmacopeia on six similar batches of ethambutol hydrochloride sampled from different governmental health facilities. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20, and one-way ANOVA was used for comparing the dissolution profile and weight variation of batches. Results. Three health facilities did not comply with the storage area specifications for pharmaceuticals. No batches have shown any sign of counterfeit. All of the tablet batches tested complied with USP specifications for weight variation, percentage purity, and dissolution test. Conclusions and Recommendation. The entire tablet batches complied with the World Health Organization specification for packaging and labelling of pharmaceuticals. All tablet batches complied with the test for weight variation, purity of drug substance, and dissolution. Since some health facilities did not comply with at least one specification for storage of pharmaceuticals, regulatory agencies and stack holders are advised to inspect the health facilities to ensure appropriate storage of pharmaceuticals in health facilities.

World Health Organization

1958 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-394 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Health ◽  
Director General ◽  
Total Expenditure ◽  
Voluntary Contributions ◽  
Executive Board ◽  
The World ◽  
Malaria Eradication ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Do So

The Executive Board of the World Health Organization (WHO) held its 21st session in Geneva, January 14–28, 1958, under the chairmanship of Sir John Charles. After discussing in detail the Director-General's proposed program of activities and budget estimates for 1959, the Board endorsed the Director-General's effective working budget of$14, 287, 600. It was suggested that in preparing the 1960 budget a greater percentage of the total expenditure should be set aside for strengthening the technical services at headquarters. In pursuance of WHO's policy of complete malaria eradication, the Director-General had drawn up a detailed program covering the operations for the following five years. Noting that the total resources available in the malaria eradication special account amounted to $5,112,000, and that the estimated expenditure for 1958 alone was $5,058,000, the Board expressed the hope that governments able to do so would make voluntary contributions to the account and requested the Director-General to take the necessary steps, including adequate publicity, to obtain additional funds, whether from governmental or from private sources.

International Civil Aviation Organization

1952 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-119
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Secretary General ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Standing Committee ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Telecommunications Network ◽  
Technical Assistance Program ◽  
Further Development

The Council held a post-assembly session June 21 to 29, 1951 in which air navigation problems figured most prominently. The Council established universal radio telephony procedures recommended by the Airworthiness and the Communications Divisions during their fourth sessions and incorporated them into Amendment 4 to Annex 10 (Aeronautical Telecommunications) of Standards and Recommended Practices for implementation November 1, 1951. The Air Navigation Commission was authorized to establish a small standing committee, proposed by the Airworthiness and Operations Divisions, to make tentative amendment to Annexes 6 and 8 (Operation of Aircraft, Airworthiness of Aircraft). The Council also approved the implementation January 1, 1952 of the Revised Supplementary Regional Procedures in Meteorology. On the advice of the Air Navigation Commission, the Council approved the proposal by the United States and France to include the New York-Paris circuit in the Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunications Network of the European and the Mediterranean Region, subject to review by the European and Mediterranean Regional Air Navigation Meeting in February. Amendments 23 to 28 to Annex 4 (Aeronautical Charts) were adopted; and unless disapproved by a majority of contracting states they would become effective November 1, 1951 and implemented January 1, 1952. The Council endorsed the establishment of regional training centers and directed the Secretary-General to encourage such development and particularly to urge the governments of India, Pakistan, and Egypt to consider further development of centers of Allahabad, Nawabshar or Karachi, and Cairo, not only for the benefit of their own nations, but also for that of neighboring states. Noting the development of prohibited, restricted, and danger areas along international air routes, the Council asked all contracting states to issue communications prior to boundary changes. Mohammed El Hakeem (Egypt) and A. C. Carter (United Kingdom) were appointed to the Air Navigation Commission. In conclusion, the third report of the Organization's technical assistance program was approved with its estimated $900,000 budget for 1952 for transferral to the United Nations. The retirement of the Secretary-General, Albert Roper, was deferred until December 31, 1951.

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