Expropriations of Private Land of Arab Citizens in Israel: An Empirical Analysis of the Regular Course of Business

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 590-610
Author(s):  
Haim Sandberg
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
A Priori ◽  
National Level ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Private Land ◽  
War Of Independence ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
State Of Israel

A fairly common premise in academic research about Israel is that the State of Israel has expropriated large tracts of land from Arabs, whether citizens or Palestinian refugees. This premise does not distinguish between the taking of property, which was expropriated from Arab refugees during the War of Independence, and the expropriation of land during the State's “regular course of business.” Blurring the distinction between land belonging to refugees and land belonging to citizens creates the impression that the State of Israel has expropriated large tracts of land as a regular “course of business.” This research isolates and clarifies the extent of “regular” expropriations on the national level according to the Lands (Acquisition for Public Purposes) Ordinance 1943—the main and permanent tool for large scale expropriations in Israel It shows that the common premise about expropriation of Arab citizens ‘land is highly exaggerated. The Arab population's share in the burden of expropriation was fairly small in absolute terms and is not significantly greater than the Jewish population's share.While a quantitative analysis of the expropriations cannot in itself produce a conclusion about harmful and unjustified influences of the expropriations on Arab citizens, a quantitative analysis of each expropriation may produce information on which to make such a conclusion. Moreover, arguing against all expropriation of lands—which actually results in the transfer of resources from Arabs to Jews, irrespective of its scope and circumstances—may entail an a priori negation of Israel's right to use land resources and police powers to answer real public needs of the Jewish majority and can entail an a priori negation of the nature of Israel as a Jewish and democratic State—rather than a legitimate criticism on the merits of each expropriation.

The reality of translating literature from Hebrew to Arabic The novel as a model

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-164
Author(s):  
أميرة عبد الحفيظ عمارة
Keyword(s):  
Financial Support ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Peace Agreement ◽  
Existential Anxiety ◽  
Publishing Houses ◽  
Arab Descent ◽  
State Of Israel

This research is interested in studying the reality of translation from Hebrew to Arabic, especially the translation of novels. The research relied on translated and published novels, from certain publishing houses, and it includes about 29 novels translated from Hebrew to Arabic. The first translation in this field was Ahavat Zion )loving Zion(, a novel by Abraham Mapu (1808-1867), translated by Salim Al-Dawoodi, and published by the Al-khidewiah Press in Cairo in 1899. Translations from Hebrew to, and vice versa, had Flourished after the establishment of the State of Israel, in particular after 1967 War, and resumed after the peace agreement with Israel. The largest wave of such translations was carried out in newspapers, magazines and academic research in part. The eighties and nineties of the last century were a period of translation activity in regard of partial translations in newspapers. The numbers of translations of full novels published so far have not exceeded thirty in most cases, and the number of translations published in Israel is approximate to the translations published in the Arab countries. The trends of novels that were translated inside Israel were of specific trends, and the translated works that were chosen were initiated, encouraged, and financed by organizations supported by the Israeli establishment. In addition, the translators also had a role in choosing the translated novels into Arabic to obtain financial support. As for the translated Hebrew works in the Arab countries, their focus was on the conditions and sufferings of the Israelis from Arab descent in Israel, and on the failure of Zionism and the issues of existential anxiety the Israelis are experiencing.

Assessment Shouldn't Be a Pay-Per-View Activity

2020 ◽  
pp. 1618-1635
Author(s):  
Robert Williams ◽  
Dan Woods
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
National Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Student Centered ◽  
Student Centered Learning ◽  
Criterion Referenced ◽  
Pencil And Paper

This chapter begins with a consideration of the state of school-based assessments as an unavoidable consequence of the contemporary societal emphasis on accountability and curricular prescriptions at the state and national level in the United States of America. Additionally, the authors comment upon the potential inaccuracies inescapable in large scale, high-stakes, standardized assessment instruments, especially when such instruments are turned to the task of evaluation—whether norm- or criterion-referenced—in a teaching and learning engagement. Likewise, the chapter concludes with suggestions and templates (elaborately configured with specific activities and assessment rubrics included) to support teachers who want to develop their own, rigorous, valid, and reliable assessments instruments embedded seamlessly in student-centered learning activities, and that accommodate the reality of literacy as a culturally situated behavior that, for contemporary learners, includes all manner of meaning-making in all manner of modalities from the pencil and paper to the purely electronic (and potentially wordless, at times) video- or audio-based.

R. Isaac Halevi Herzog

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Eisen
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
War Of Independence ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Major Figure ◽  
Six Day War ◽  
State Of Israel ◽  
Religious Zionism

R. Herzog (1888–1959) was the first Chief Ashkenazi Rabbi of Israel when the state of Israel was established in 1948. R. Herzog therefore had to deal with Israel’s first war, its War of Independence. R. Herzog’s formulates halakhic positions on war that build on those of R. Kook, adopting the latter’s position that the laws governing war are different from those governing the everyday, and that for this reason conscription is permitted. However, R. Herzog moves in original directions on some issues, adopting, for example, Nahmanides’ view that the state of Israel can wage war to conquer the land God promised to the Israelites in the Bible. The chapter concludes with an argument that R. Herzog’s views on war may have influenced those of R. Tsevi Yehudah Kook, the son of R. Abraham Isaac Kook, who was a major figure in religious Zionism after the Six Day War.

scholarly journals Farewell to Professor David Yaffe – A Pillar of the Myogenesis Field

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zipora Yablonka-Reuveni ◽  
Frank Stockdale ◽  
Uri Nudel ◽  
David Israeli ◽  
Helen M. Blau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
The State ◽  
Negev Desert ◽  
Weizmann Institute ◽  
International Scientific Community ◽  
War Of Independence ◽  
Family Science ◽  
The People ◽  
State Of Israel ◽  
Kibbutz Member

It is with great sadness that we have learned about the passing of Professor David Yaffe (1929-2020, Israel). Yehi Zichro Baruch - May his memory be a blessing. David was a man of family, science and nature. A native of Israel, David grew up in the historic years that preceded the birth of the State of Israel. He was a member of the group that established Kibbutz Revivim in the Negev desert, and in 1948 participated in Israel’s War of Independence. David and Ruth eventually joined Kibbutz Givat Brenner by Rehovot, permitting David to be both a kibbutz member and a life-long researcher at the Weizmann Institute of Science, where David received his PhD in 1959. David returned to the Institute after his postdoc at Stanford. Here, after several years of researching a number of tissues as models for studying the process of differentiation, David entered the myogenesis field and stayed with it to his last day. With his dedication to the field of myogenesis and his commitment to furthering the understanding of the People and the Land of Israel throughout the international scientific community, David organized the first ever myogenesis meeting that took place in Shoresh, Israel in 1975. This was followed by the 1980 myogenesis meeting at the same place and many more outstanding meetings, all of which brought together myogenesis, nature and scenery. Herein, through the preparation and publication of this current manuscript, we are meeting once again at a “David Yaffe myogenesis meeting". Some of us have been members of the Yaffe lab, some of us have known David as his national and international colleagues in the myology field. One of our contributors has also known (and communicates here) about David Yaffe’s earlier years as a kibbutznick in the Negev. Our collective reflections are a tribute to Professor David Yaffe. We are fortunate that the European Journal of Translational Myology has provided us with tremendous input and a platform for holding this 2020 distance meeting "Farwell to Professor David Yaffe - A Pillar of the Myogenesis Field".

scholarly journals UKRAINIAN YOUTH AND CIVIL SOCIETY UNDER CONDITIONS OF MODERN CHALLENGES

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Svitlana Boiko
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
State Level ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Public Organizations ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Work

The article is devoted to the outline and research of several topical critical questions related to the study of the role of the Ukrainian youth in the development of civil society in terms of the undeclared Russian-Ukrainian war and global crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as the influence of the civilization borderland factor on the mentality and behavior of borderland residents. The article focuses on the fact that the concurrently multidirectional influences, such as geopolitical, cultural, religious and others, make the borderland a zone of attraction and rejection, as well as the space for large-scale manipulations. The formation of civil society in the borderland area has its own specifics, yet scantily explored in the academic research. Special attention is paid to the increase of the civil society’s significance in various spheres from the promotion of reforms at the state level to the voluntary assistance provided to the Armed Forces of Ukraine during the “Joint Forces Operation”, internally displaced persons, and other segments of the population. To successfully solve the problem of building the Ukrainian civil society, it is necessary to fundamentally comprehend the youth’s participation in the solution of various problems of modern Ukraine. Thus, it is important that young citizens be ready for active cooperation with the state and public organizations. The research emphasizes one of the popular ways to transform young people into active citizens of Ukraine, which consists in their encouragement to participate in the process of building civil society at all levels of the educational process in the educational establishments of our state, Ukrainian weekend schools abroad; involvement in the work of the Young Scholars’ Council and various public organizations. This all caused the need to search for fundamentally new approaches to preparing youth for an active life in the Ukrainian society. The author of the article has elucidated the work experience of the scholars of the Research Institute of Ukrainian Studies regarding the effective forms and methods of increasing young people’s activity through the prism of academic, cultural, and educational work.

Hadassah in the War of Independence, 1947–1949

Hadassah ◽  
2011 ◽  
pp. 159-173
Author(s):  
Mira Katzburg-Yungman
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
The State ◽  
War Of Independence ◽  
Transportation Routes ◽  
State Of Israel

This chapter turns to Hadassah's activities during Israel's war of independence. The war began in 1947. It began as ‘“riots,” which quickly developed into the conflagration of battles’. In the first phase of the war, Arab gangs assisted by volunteers from neighbouring countries attacked essential transportation routes, concentrations of Jews in mixed (Jewish and Arab) cities, and isolated settlements. At this stage, resistance was mounted by underground organizations of the Yishuv, particularly the Haganah. When the British left, the regular armies of Egypt, Transjordan, Syria, Iraq, and Lebanon, as well as volunteer units from Saudi Arabia, Libya, and Yemen invaded, with the aim of destroying the State of Israel in its infancy. They were met by Israel's army, known since 1948 as the Israel Defence Forces (IDF).

URI MILSTEIN, History of Israel's War of Independence: Volume III, The First Invasion. Trans. and ed. Alan Sachs (Lanham, Md.: University Press of America, 1998). Pp. 414. $65.00 cloth.

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRUCE MADDY-WEITZMAN
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
The State ◽  
War Of Independence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Middle East Politics ◽  
Palestinian Arab ◽  
State Of Israel

For more than a decade, scholars and writers of various stripes have been revisiting the events surrounding the first Arab–Israeli war of 1948, whose outcome heavily shaped subsequent Middle East politics. Basing their work primarily on newly available Israeli, British, and American archival materials, they have shed considerable light and generated much heat regarding the origins, consequences, and degrees of responsibility for the events surrounding the birth of the State of Israel, the uprooting of two-thirds of the Palestinian Arab community, and the defeat of neighboring Arab armies.

scholarly journals From National Autonomy to Independent State: The Bund in the Face of the State of Israel, 1948-1989

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 54-67
Author(s):  
Yosef Gorny
Keyword(s):  
Jewish People ◽  
The State ◽  
Gradual Change ◽  
Independent State ◽  
War Of Independence ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
National Autonomy ◽  
The Face ◽  
Refugee Problem ◽  
State Of Israel

The title of the article ’From National Autonomy to Independent State‘ refers to the gradual change that occurred in the wake of the Holocaust with respect to the Bund’s refusal to recognize the State of Israel as the national home of the Jewish people during its first forty years. Yet notwithstanding the historical anti-Zionism ideology of the Bund, the movement never wavered in its identification with the State while remaining critical of Israel’s policy towards the Arab refugee problem created by the War of Independence (1948-1949).

scholarly journals WAR AND PEACE- AN ISRAELI PERSPECTIVE

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2 & 3) ◽  
pp. 2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asher Maoz
Keyword(s):  
Full Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Palestinian Authority ◽  
War And Peace ◽  
War Of Attrition ◽  
War Of Independence ◽  
Six Day War ◽  
Yom Kippur ◽  
State Of Israel

The State of Israel was born in the storm of war and has been in a state of military confrontation ever since, which continues even as these lines are being written. Israel has fought six full-scale wars since its establishment: the War of Independence (1948), the Sinai War (1956), the Six Day War (1967), the War of Attrition (1970s), the Yom Kippur – or October – War (1973), and the Lebanon War (1982). Furthermore, the periods between the wars were not without military unrest. Israel has found itself in unabated military confrontations, most recently capped by the uprising (known in Arabic as the Intifada) being waged against it by the Palestinian Authority since September 2000.

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