The reality of translating literature from Hebrew to Arabic The novel as a model

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-164
Author(s):  
أميرة عبد الحفيظ عمارة
Keyword(s):  
Financial Support ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Peace Agreement ◽  
Existential Anxiety ◽  
Publishing Houses ◽  
Arab Descent ◽  
State Of Israel

This research is interested in studying the reality of translation from Hebrew to Arabic, especially the translation of novels. The research relied on translated and published novels, from certain publishing houses, and it includes about 29 novels translated from Hebrew to Arabic. The first translation in this field was Ahavat Zion )loving Zion(, a novel by Abraham Mapu (1808-1867), translated by Salim Al-Dawoodi, and published by the Al-khidewiah Press in Cairo in 1899. Translations from Hebrew to, and vice versa, had Flourished after the establishment of the State of Israel, in particular after 1967 War, and resumed after the peace agreement with Israel. The largest wave of such translations was carried out in newspapers, magazines and academic research in part. The eighties and nineties of the last century were a period of translation activity in regard of partial translations in newspapers. The numbers of translations of full novels published so far have not exceeded thirty in most cases, and the number of translations published in Israel is approximate to the translations published in the Arab countries. The trends of novels that were translated inside Israel were of specific trends, and the translated works that were chosen were initiated, encouraged, and financed by organizations supported by the Israeli establishment. In addition, the translators also had a role in choosing the translated novels into Arabic to obtain financial support. As for the translated Hebrew works in the Arab countries, their focus was on the conditions and sufferings of the Israelis from Arab descent in Israel, and on the failure of Zionism and the issues of existential anxiety the Israelis are experiencing.

Arab League

1959 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 653-653 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Secretary General ◽  
United Arab Republic ◽  
Arab League ◽  
Arab States ◽  
Relief Program ◽  
State Of Israel ◽  
Dag Hammarskjold

According to press reports from Beirut, Lebanon, on August 11 and 18, 1959, representatives of nine Arab states—all the members of the Arab League except Tunisia—were preparing a lengthy reply to the suggestion of Mr. Dag Hammarskjold, Secretary-General of the UN, that the Palestine refugees being sheltered by various Arab countries be economically integrated into these countries. Spokesmen for the Arab states declared at the end of a tenday conference that they would unanimously support the refugees' demand to return to their homes in what had become the state of Israel; this was tantamount to rejection of Mr. Hammarskjold's proposal to spend $1.5–$2 billion within the next five years to create productive jobs for about one million refugees living in Arab lands. Although the Secretary-General had asserted that economic integration would not prejudice any rights of the refugees, the Arabs interpreted the plan to mean that the refugees would be permanently resettled among them. Apparently the only part of Mr. Hammarskjold's report that was acceptable to the Arabs was that calling for the continued existence of the UN Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA), the organization administering the relief program for refugees in Lebanon, Jordan, and the United Arab Republic.

scholarly journals The Jewish Paramilitary Organizations in Palestine before the Creation of the State of Israel in 1948

2016 ◽  
pp. 45-57
Author(s):  
А. Krylov
Keyword(s):  
Arab Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Weak State ◽  
British Mandate ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Arab Israeli Conflict ◽  
State Of Israel

The article takes a look at the history and origin of the main Jewish paramilitary organizations in the British Mandate of Palestine (1921–1948). One of the myths often used in Western and Israeli propagandistic literature describes Israel as a very weak state that after obtaining its sovereignty became extremely vulnerable to the heavily armed Arab hordes that invaded it immediately after the declaration of the Israeli State. However, the analysis above shows that the first Arab-Israeli conflict in 1948–1949 was not a battle between young David against the giant Goliath. By the time of the creation of Israel all the Jewish paramilitary organizations operating in Yishuv – “Haganah”, “Irgun” and LEHI – united creating the IDF. The national army of the newborn State met all the requirements of its time, was much better equipped, trained, mobilized and armed than the soldiers of all the neighboring Arab countries, which objectively predetermined their crushing defeat.

scholarly journals Implikasi Perjanjian Damai Terhadap Aksi Intifadah Hamas

POLITEA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Gustri Eni Putri
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Peace Agreement ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Cost And Benefit ◽  
Rational Actor ◽  
The Cost ◽  
State Of Israel

<p><strong> </strong></p><p class="06IsiAbstrak"><span lang="EN-GB">This study aims to explain how the implications of the peace agreement as Israel's strategy in reducing the Hamas intifadah action. The discussion in this study is limited to the peace agreement between Israel and the PLO known as the 1993 Declaration of Principles and the intifadah movement in 1987. This research is a qualitative study with a literature study through books, journals, and articles. This study is based on thinking which explains that as a rational actor, the state in taking foreign policy always calculates the cost and benefit. In its foreign policy, the ruling government uses the "optimization of results" criteria. Or in other words, Israel's foreign policy focuses on emphasizing the country's national interests. This rationale influenced Israel's foreign policy, which was to accept a peace agreement with the PLO to reduce the intifadah movement carried out by Hamas. And this policy provides optimal results for the state of Israel.</span></p>

Expropriations of Private Land of Arab Citizens in Israel: An Empirical Analysis of the Regular Course of Business

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 590-610
Author(s):  
Haim Sandberg
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
A Priori ◽  
National Level ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Private Land ◽  
War Of Independence ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
State Of Israel

A fairly common premise in academic research about Israel is that the State of Israel has expropriated large tracts of land from Arabs, whether citizens or Palestinian refugees. This premise does not distinguish between the taking of property, which was expropriated from Arab refugees during the War of Independence, and the expropriation of land during the State's “regular course of business.” Blurring the distinction between land belonging to refugees and land belonging to citizens creates the impression that the State of Israel has expropriated large tracts of land as a regular “course of business.” This research isolates and clarifies the extent of “regular” expropriations on the national level according to the Lands (Acquisition for Public Purposes) Ordinance 1943—the main and permanent tool for large scale expropriations in Israel It shows that the common premise about expropriation of Arab citizens ‘land is highly exaggerated. The Arab population's share in the burden of expropriation was fairly small in absolute terms and is not significantly greater than the Jewish population's share.While a quantitative analysis of the expropriations cannot in itself produce a conclusion about harmful and unjustified influences of the expropriations on Arab citizens, a quantitative analysis of each expropriation may produce information on which to make such a conclusion. Moreover, arguing against all expropriation of lands—which actually results in the transfer of resources from Arabs to Jews, irrespective of its scope and circumstances—may entail an a priori negation of Israel's right to use land resources and police powers to answer real public needs of the Jewish majority and can entail an a priori negation of the nature of Israel as a Jewish and democratic State—rather than a legitimate criticism on the merits of each expropriation.

scholarly journals Zionist Detection through Indirection in Jonathan Wilson’s A Palestine Affair

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Detective Novel ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Cultural Incorporation ◽  
State Of Israel ◽  
New London

This paper explores Jonathan Wilson’s A Palestine Affair (2003), reflecting on the parallels between its underlying logic on one hand and the illogic of liberal Zionism and the state of Israel on the other hand. The paper revolves around the rationalizing, detective apparatus deployed in the novel both thematically and formally. More specifically, it dwells on the ways in which the form of the novel buttresses its ideological underpinnings, or rather its content. I argue that the form selected by the writer; that is, the detective novel, mirrors the Zionist quest for colonizing Palestine, especially in the context of Jerusalem. I further suggest that by means of detection, Jerusalem is familiarized in the text so much so that readers might think of it as a new London, with the “here” of Britain expanded and its cultural incorporation into the Zionist imaginary facilitated. That familiarity obfuscates and negates the presence of Palestinians in Jerusalem and Palestine at large, who are mostly portrayed as marginal, inconsequential, and criminal characters. At the same time, the novel gives rise to an alternative creative, detective vision that does not necessarily entail the use of typical methods of detection, a vision that mirrors the Zionist conquest, especially in its so-called liberal form. Employing what I call counter-detection, I aim to excavate the problematic aspects of both detection and creative detection (detection through indirection) and show their complicity with the conquest of Palestine through paying close attention to the writer’s Zionization of the artist on whose life the protagonist is modelled.

scholarly journals Life in Palestine Under the Rule of the Ottoman Empire According to Ibrahim Nassralla's Novel: Zaman al-Khoyoul al-Bayda'

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Rawiya Burbara
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Historical Novel ◽  
The State ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Narrative Texts ◽  
British Mandate ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
State Of Israel ◽  
Oral Stories

This study deals with the Palestinian administrative, economic, political, educational, intellectual, and national dimensions as they are reflected in the stories and events of the historical novel Zaman al-Khoyoul al-Baida' by the Palestinian writer Ibrahim Nassralla, The novel that covers three generations from 1880s to the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948. The events take place in a Palestinian village called 'Hadiya ', which serves as a representative of all Palestine. The study proves that the writer emphasizes the Palestinian identity through the stories that he collected from people who lived through the three periods of occupation of Palestine: the Ottoman Empire, the British Mandate and Israel, but the main focus is on the Ottoman Period. Stylistically, the novel has a special printing style. The oral stories are typed in italics in order to distinguish them from written stories. To investigate the information in the people's quoted stories, the events of the novel and the writer's arguments and his descriptions of the life of local Palestinians, the study relies on Paul Hamilton's theory of historicism , which is a critical way of using historical contexts to interpret narrative texts.

scholarly journals Konflik Terbentuknya Negara Israel pada Tahun 1948-1973

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Syahrul Adhim ◽  
Yuliati Yuliati
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Great War ◽  
Palestinian Territories ◽  
The Past ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Of Israel

ABSTRACTThe author's aim in writing this article is to describe how the history of conflict is about the establishment or formation of a country. Regarding the discussion to be discussed in this article, the conflict that resulted in a war in the formation or establishment of the State of Israel within the territory of Arab countries including the Palestinian territories. Then, regarding the research method that will be used in writing this article is to use method library research where, in writing this article, it is done by looking for reference sources from journals, books, and scientific papers based on the title to be studied in this article. Then the results of the discussion of this article reveal that the history of the establishment of the State of Israel occurred because of the struggle for territorial power again over the glory of an ancestral nation in the past, until finally a nation that had an ancestral civilization in the past wanted to control the place again. For example, the Jewish nation wants the establishment of a state, namely the State of Israel. The nation controlled the Palestinian mainland slowly by slowly, until finally the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948 resulted in a great war with the Arab nations around it, the war ended in 1973 and a peaceful agreement was made.

Untimely Development, Ugly History:A Drama in Muslinand the Rejection of National-Historical Time

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-183
Author(s):  
Mary L. Mullen
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Nation State ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Historical Time ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The Core

This article considers the politics and aesthetics of the colonial Bildungsroman by reading George Moore's often-overlooked novel A Drama in Muslin (1886). It argues that the colonial Bildungsroman does not simply register difference from the metropolitan novel of development or express tension between the core and periphery, as Jed Esty suggests, but rather can imagine a heterogeneous historical time that does not find its end in the nation-state. A Drama in Muslin combines naturalist and realist modes, and moves between Ireland and England to construct a form of untimely development that emphasises political processes (dissent, negotiation) rather than political forms (the state, the nation). Ultimately, the messy, discordant history represented in the novel shows the political potential of anachronism as it celebrates the untimeliness of everyday life.

Urgensi Assesment Report Dalam Omnibus Law RUU Cipta Kerja

ADALAH ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indra Rahmatullah
Keyword(s):  
Academic Research ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The State ◽  
The Law ◽  
Scientific Arguments

Abstract:A draft law must be able to answer and solve the main problem of the society so that with the existence of the law the community gets legal protection from the state. However, the draft of Cipta Kerja Law makes an endless controversy. In fact, the draft was allegedly containing some problems since its appearance. Therefore, academic research (Assesment Report) is needed so that the rules in the draft have basic scientific arguments that can be justified. Unfortunately, the draft does not conduct an assesment report to know whether the society need the law and urgent.Keywords: Legal Protection, Controversy and Assesment Report Abstrak:Sebuah rancangan undang-undang harus dapat menjawab dan menyentuh pokok permasalahan masyarakat sehingga dengan adanya undang-undang tersebut masyarakat mendapatkan sebuah perlindungan hukum dari negara. Namun, dalam RUU Cipta Kerja ini justru berakibat pada kontroversi yang tiada hentinya. Bahkan, disinyalir RUU ini mengandung kecacatan sejak awal pembentukannya. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan penelitian akademis sehingga aturan-aturan yang ada dalam RUU ini mempunyai basis argumentasi ilmiah yang dapat dipertanggungjawabkan yang salah satunya adalah dengan membuat Laporan Kelayakan. Sayangnya RUU ini belum melakukan laporan kelayakan apakah RUU ini dibutuhkan dan penting di masyarakat.Katakunci: Perlindungan Hukum, Kontroversi dan Laporan Kelayakan

Establishing knowledge-based and digital cooperation between small and medium-sized businesses, science and the State through a cluster approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 2089-2110
Author(s):  
A.V. Ivanchenko ◽  
E.S. Mezentseva
Keyword(s):  
Financial Support ◽  
Triple Helix ◽  
The State ◽  
Sverdlovsk Oblast ◽  
Cluster Approach ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Cluster Network ◽  
Digital Development

Subject. This article discusses the issues of innovative and digital development of the economy. Objectives. The article aims to justify the benefits of cluster cooperation and networking between different structures. Methods. For the study, we used systems, logical, structural, and comparative analyses, generalization and statistical methods, and the cluster-network and institutional approaches. Results. The article substantiates the role and position of small business in the innovation development of the Sverdlovsk Oblast and identifies trends of innovation and digital advancement. Conclusions. The cluster theory, supplemented with the Triple Helix concept, can be a basis for rationale for effective ways of integrating economic agents. Small innovative business has significant potential for sustainability, but it needs additional financial support from the State.

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