Intra-varietal variability and response to single plant selection in Gossypium hirsutum L.: I. Phenotypic variability

1973 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Lint Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Lint Percentage ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Boll Weight

SummaryPopulations of spaced plants of each of the four American upland cotton varieties Deltapine Smooth Leaf, Rex Smooth Leaf, Pope, and Rex and one African upland variety, Bar 7/8, were grown in the 1965–6 wet season at Kimberley Research Station, in the Ord River valley, Western Australia. The number of bolls, boll weight, lint percentage, seed cotton yield, lint yield, micronaire value, mature height, and morphological type were recorded for each plant.For all varieties the range of each attribute was wide; for example, for a typicalvariety, boll weight ranged from 3·0 to 7·8 g, lint percentage from 30·5 to 43·5%, micronaire value from 3·3 to 5·9 units, and mature height from 78 to 195 cm.The most variable varieties judged on coefficients of variation were those maintained at the station for the longest period without selection while the most recent accession was the least variable.Frequency distributions for all attributes in each population departed significantly from normality: the majority showed both significant skewness and kurtosis. Positive skewness shown for the yield parameters seed-cotton yield, lint yield, boll number and boll weight in all varieties suggested there was scope for improvement by selection. Negative skewness for lint percentage was found in three varieties, suggesting previous intense selection for this trait. The coefficient of variation of lint percentage with one variety (Deltapine Smooth Leaf) was considerably less than that recorded 30 years earlier for its predecessor D x PL 11 A.Covariance adjustments to seed cotton yield of individual plants, based on various hypotheses of the relationship between a plant's yield and that of its neighbours failed to give reductions of consequence in the variability of yield. It was concluded that inter-plant influences were far more complex than the models assumed.

scholarly journals Yield and some agronomic parameters of upland cotton as affected by planting dates

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Waqas Ahmed Lashari ◽  
Salma Naimatullah ◽  
Hamza Afzal
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Upland Cotton ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Boll Weight

A field experiment was conducted at ICI Research Farm, Multan to evaluate the effect of different sowing dates on plant height, number of monopodia, number of sympodia, number of bolls per plant, boll weight, seed cotton yield kg/ha of two upland cotton varieties (ICI-2121 and ICI-2424) developed by ICI Pakistan Limited, Multan against a standard check variety IUB-2013 during 2019, and 2020 years.  These varieties were planted on 1st April, 15th April, 1st May, 15th May, 1st June, and 15th June, at ICI Cotton Research Station, 19-Kasi Vehari Road, Multan.  Results revealed that statistically highly significant differences in planting dates were observed for all the parameters studied except number of monopodial branches and boll weight which depicted non-significant differences. Regarding varieties and interaction between varieties and planting times, similar trend of statistical differences was observed. As regards to planting dates, generally, all the parameters under study showed their maximum performance when crop was planted on 1st May followed by 1st April planting date, whereas, minimum performance of the parameters was recorded when the crop was planted on 15th June followed by 1st June. Regarding varietal performance, on an average, maximum plant height (146cm) was observed in ICI-2121 followed by IUB-2013. Same trend of performance of varieties regarding number of monopodia and sympodia per plant was observed.  Regarding average number of bolls per plant in different varieties, it was observed that ICI-2121 produced maximum (32 bolls) followed by ICI-2424 (31 bolls) and IUB-2013 (28 bolls) irrespective of planting dates. The same trend of varietal performance regarding boll weight was recorded. When seed cotton yield (kg/ha) was evaluated, on an average of varieties, ICI-2121 produced maximum seed cotton yield (1228 kg/ha) followed by ICI-2424 and IUB-2013 which produced 1147 and 1046 kg/ha seed cotton yield respectively irrespective of planting dates. It was concluded that under agro-climatic conditions of Multan, 1st May planting date was evaluated as optimum cotton sowing time. Before or after 1st May, this study does not recommend growing cotton in this particular zone.  Among cotton varieties, ICI-2121 is recommended for sowing under this planting time being producing higher yields.

scholarly journals Genetic variability and association between oil and economic traits for some new Egyptian cotton genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara E. I. Eldessouky ◽  
A. B. A. El-Fesheikawy ◽  
K. M. A. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Oil Content ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Boll Weight ◽  
Cotton Genotypes ◽  
Seed Index

Abstract Background Cotton breeding programs mainly focus on improving cotton fibers, but less attention has been paid by breeders to cottonseed oil improvement. Breeding cottonseed for oil content has mainly depended on phenotypic information used to select varieties with high seed oil content. The purpose of this study was to evaluate some cotton genotypes regarding their oil content and other characters related to fiber yield, in order to select genotypes with high oil content and acceptable levels of the other characters. Seventeen different genotypes of cotton were used in this study. A two-year experiment was carried out at Sids Agricultural Research Station, Beni Suef, Egypt, during 2017 and 2018, using a randomized complete block design with six replications. Seed cotton yield, lint cotton yield, boll weight, seed index, embryo index, oil % and embryo oil index characters were recorded. Results The analysis of variance results showed highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the studied traits except boll weight in season 2017. The overall cotton embryo oil % ranged from 33.40 to 40.28 among the genotypes, while the overall cotton embryo oil index ranged from 1.79 to 2.47. Maximum cotton embryo oil % was noted by the genotypes 15 [{(G83 × G80) × G89} × Australian] and 8 [(G 91 × G90) × (G 85 × G 83)], while maximum cotton embryo oil index was noted by the genotype 13 [(G 91 × G 90) × G80]. The results showed positive correlations between seed cotton yield and lint cotton yield, seed index and embryo index, seed index and embryo index oil %, embryo index and embryo index oil %, and oil % and embryo index oil %. Conclusions It could be concluded that using seed or embryo oil percentages as criteria for differentiating genotypes according to their oil content is misleading and the best efficient measure is using the seed or embryo oil indices because they depend on weight basis. Also, Genotypes 13, 15 and 8 were the best genotypes regarding oil % and they could be used in breeding programs for cotton oil improvement.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability Estimation and Frequency of Superior Progenies in Advance Breeding lines in desi cotton at two locations

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 313-317
Author(s):  
Bangaremma Wadeyar ◽  
T Kajjidoni
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Boll Weight ◽  
Seed Index

Two hundred and two progenies were evaluated at two locations viz., Agricultural Research Station, Annigeri and Main Agricultural Research Station, Dharwad to estimate genetic variability and to identify superior progenies for seed cotton yield, yield contributing and fibre quality traits. The analysis of variance revealed presence of sufficient variability in the material for seven traits at both locations. High phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) were recorded for number of bolls per plant and seed cotton yield per plant, while, moderate variability estimate was recorded for plant height and low PCV and GCV were noticed for boll weight, ginning out turn, seed index and lint index traits at both the locations. High heritability was observed for seed index exhibited 97 per cent with moderate genetic advance as percent mean (GAM) at both the locations. High GAM was observed for number of bolls per plant, seed cotton yield and plant height. Moderate GAM was noticed for boll weight and seed index traits at both locations. An attempt was made to identify superior progenies, maximum number of superior progenies were observed for seed cotton yield at Dharwad (33 progenies) followed by Annigeri (24 progenies).

scholarly journals GENOTYPE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION IN YIELD OF HILL COTTON GENOTYPES

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Dewan ◽  
M. S. R. Bhuiyan ◽  
M. G. Robbani ◽  
M. Sonom
Keyword(s):  
Lint Yield ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Boll Weight ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Cotton Genotypes ◽  
Effect On Yield

Stability analysis helps in understanding the adaptability of genotypes over different environmental conditions and the identification of adaptable genotypes. The experiment was conducted at the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) areas of Bangladesh i.e. Bandarban, Rangamati and Khagrachari during May to September 2014 to study the genotype environment interaction effect on yield of some selected hill cotton genotypes. The experiment consisted of two factors: Factor A: Location (3 locations) - L1: Bandarban; L2: Rangamati and L3: Khagrachari; Factor B: Different cotton genotypes G1: HCG-4; G2: HCG-13, G3: HCG-15, G4: HCG-21, G5: HCG-26, G6: HCG-42, G7: HCG-51 and V8: HC-1 (Check).  In case of location environment, the maximum boll per plant was recorded from Bandarban (19.13). The highest single boll weight was recorded from Bandarban (4.65 g). The highest seed cotton yield per hectare was recorded from Bandarban (1825 kg). The highest lint yield per hectare was recorded from Khagrachari (809 kg). For genotypes, maximum boll per plant (24.61), single boll weight (5.18 g), seed cotton yield per hectare (2170 kg) and lint yield per hectare (927 kg) was observed in HCG-13. In case of interaction of environments and genotypes, highest boll per plant (27.03), single ball weight (5.29 g), seed cotton yield per hectare (2170 kg), lint yield per hectare (981 kg) was observed in HCG-13 at Bandarban than the Rangamati and Khagrachari. Based on performance of eight genotypes HCG-13 followed by HCG-21 and HCG -42 was found to be highest yielder.Genotype HCG-13 was found highest yielder than the other genotypes and showed better performance at Bandarban than the Rangamati and Khagrachari.

scholarly journals Gene Action Studies in the Inheritance of Yield and Quality Attributing Traits in Diallel Cross of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
V. J. Zapadiya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Genetic Components

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the 45 F1 hybrids derived from 10×10 half diallel fashion along with ten parents and one standard check GN.Cot.Hy-14 were sown in randomized block design with three replications during kharif -2017 at Cotton Research Station, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh. The genetic components of variation were determined for 12 characters viz., days to 50% flowering, days to 50% boll opening, plant height (cm), number of monopodia per plant, number of sympodia per plant, number of bolls per plant, boll weight (g), seed cotton yield per plant (g), ginning percentage (%), seed index (g), lint index (g) and oil percentage (%).The estimate of the components of variation revealed significant results for both additive (D) as well as dominance effects (H1 and H2) for all the characters except plant height non-significant H2 component, but in majority of traits (except plant height, lint index) H1 was higher than D indicating dominance components were important in the inheritance of seed cotton yield and its components. The average degree of dominance (H1/D)1/2 was found to be more than unity for all the traits (except plant height, number of monopodia per plant and lint index indicating partial dominance) indicating over dominance. Asymmetrical distribution of positive and negative genes in the parents was observed for all the traits. High estimates of heritability in narrow sense was observed for days to 50% flowering, days to 50 % boll bursting, number of monopodia per plant, ginning percentage (%), lint index (g) and oil content (%) suggesting that selection based on these attribute would lead to rapid improvement. Due to preponderance of non-additive gene effects of seed cotton yield per plant and most of its component traits, heterosis breeding would also be practically feasible in cotton.

scholarly journals Genetics of Inheritance and Interrelationship of Various Agronomic Traits of F2 Population in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Bilal Nawaz ◽  
Saira Sattar ◽  
Bilal Bashir ◽  
Muhammad Jamshaid ◽  
Khadim Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Fiber Strength ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Fiber Fineness ◽  
Boll Weight ◽  
Beak Size

Background: Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is grown in more than sixty countries worldwide. It is an important fiber crop in the world. It plays a vital role in our national economy being the source of earning of foreign exchange, therefore, it is considered to be the backbone of the economy of Pakistan. In Pakistan, millions of families are associated with cotton and textile industry for their livelihood.  Results: In this experiment F2 population of the cross L. A. Frego Bract x CIM-600 and their parents was sown in randomized complete block design with three replications during normal growing season of the year 2014 to sort out best performing genotypes for yield related traits. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that parental and their F2 population showed significant differences for all the observed agronomic traits (plant height, number of monopodia branches, number of sympodial branches, number of bolls per plant, boll weight, ginning out turn, bract type, boll shape, beak size, seed cotton yield, staple length, fiber strength and fiber fineness). Estimation of correlation revealed that seed cotton yield was found positively correlated sympodial branches, fiber fineness and boll weight while ginning out turn, bract type, beak size, staple length and fiber strength were negatively associated with seed cotton yield. Epistasis was not found to be involved in any of the traits. Conclusion:  The correlation and genetics study of various yield related traits provides us useful information for effective selection and sustainable breeding programs. Estimation of broad sense heritability ( ) in F2 populations for different traits vary as following order; ginning out turn>plant height>seed cotton yield>sympodia branches>fiber length>fiber strength>bolls per plant>monopodia branches>boll weight>fiber fineness with heritability 0.90, 0.79, 0.78, 0.75, 0.73, 0.71 0.67, 0.64, 0.63 and 0.50 respectively. Results suggested form heritability and correlation that these traits can be improved either through appropriate selection method or hybrid breeding programme.

scholarly journals RESPONSE OF COTTON TO NITROGEN FERTILIZER AND SPACING BETWEEN HOLES

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alubaidi & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Lint Yield ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

This experiment was conducted at the farm of field crop department, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad during two summer seasons (2010 and 2011) in order to know the response of cotton var. Lashata to nitrogen levels and spacing between holes. A randomized complete block design under arrangement of split plot with four replications was used. The plant spacing; 10, 20 and 30 cm between holes and 75 cm between rows considered as main plots, while three nitrogen levels (150, 200 and 250 Kg N.ha-1) are considered as sub plots. The results showed that using 10 cm between hills were significantly superior in boll weight (3.69 and 4.26) gm.boll-1, seed cotton yield (3.03 and 3.6) t.ha-1 and lint yield (1.13 and 1.30) t.ha-1 in both seasons 2010 and 2011 respectively. While, 30 cm spacing significantly superior in number of open bolls (12.10 and 13.6) bolls.plant-1 and ginning percentage (39.05 and 37.44)% in both seasons respectively. The nitrogen fertilizer 250 kg N ha-1 was significantly superior in dehiscence bolls number, seed cotton yield, lint yield and ginning percentage in both seasons 2010 and 2011 respectively. It can be concluded that 'using 10 cm spacing between holes with 250 kg N ha-1 to achieve highest seed cotton yield.  

scholarly journals Mitigation of Osmotic Stress in Cotton for the Improvement in Growth and Yield through Inoculation of Rhizobacteria and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria Coated Diammonium Phosphate

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10456
Author(s):  
Muhammad Majid ◽  
Muqarrab Ali ◽  
Khurram Shahzad ◽  
Fiaz Ahmad ◽  
Rao Muhammad Ikram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Net Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Diammonium Phosphate ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Boll Weight

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is one of the major fiber crops. Its production is under threat due to scarcity of water resources under a changing climatic scenario. Limited water availability also decreases the uptake of phosphorus, and less uptake of phosphorus can deteriorate the quality attributes of cotton fiber. There is a need to introduce bio-organic amendments which can mitigate osmotic stress on a sustainable basis. Inoculation of rhizobacteria can play an imperative role in this regard. Rhizobacteria can not only improve the growth of roots but also enhance the availability of immobile phosphorus in soil. That is why the current experiment was conducted to explore and compare the efficacy of sole application of diammonium phosphate (DAP) over plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) coated DAP on growth and quality attributes of cotton under artificially induced osmotic stress at flowering stage. The impact of phosphorus levels was found to be significant on the plant height, leaf area, average boll weight, stomatal conductance, net photosynthetic rate, and seed cotton yield, while the irrigation effect was significant on all the parameters. The PGPR coated phosphorus performed better as compared to other treatments under normal irrigation and osmotic stress. Results showed that PGPR coated phosphorus increased by 29.47%, 21.01%, 41.11%, 32.73%, 15.63% and 22.89% plant height, average boll weight, stomatal conductance, net photosynthetic rate, fiber length, and seed cotton yield respectively. In conclusion, PGPR coated DAP can be helpful to get higher cotton productivity as compared to control and sole application of DAP under normal irrigation and osmotic stress.

scholarly journals Role of mineral nutrition in alleviation of heat stress in cotton plants grown in glasshouse and field conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sarwar ◽  
Muhammad Farrukh Saleem ◽  
Najeeb Ullah ◽  
Shafaqat Ali ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Boll Weight ◽  
Cotton Plants

Abstract Coincidence of high temperature with terminal reproductive pheno-stages of cotton is chief constraint to achieve yield potential. This high temperature interfere plant defensive system, physiological process, water relations and lint yield production. In this study, we modulated the detrimental outcomes of heat stress on cotton through the foliar spray of nutrients. Cotton crop was exposed to sub-optimal and supra-optimal thermal regimes for a period of one week at squaring, flowering and boll formation stages under glass house and field conditions. Foliar spray of potassium (K-1.5%), zinc (Zn-0.2%) and boron (B-0.1%) were applied at three reproductive stages one day prior to expose high temperature regimes. High temperature increased lipid membrane damage through increased malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in cotton leaves. High temperature stress also reduced leaf chlorophyll contents, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, water potential, averaged boll weight (g) and seed cotton yield per plant. Various nutrients variably influenced growth and physiology of heat-stressed cotton plants. Zinc outclassed all other nutrients in increasing leaf SOD, CAT, POX, AsA, TPC activity, chlorophyll contents, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, water potential, boll weight and seed cotton yield per plant. For example, zinc improved seed cotton yield under supra-optimal thermal regime by 17% and under sub-optimal thermal regime by 12% of glasshouse study while 19% under high temperature sowing dates of field study than the water treated plants under the same temperatures. Conclusively, increasing intensities of temperature adversely affected the recorded responses of cotton and exogenous application of Zn efficaciously alleviated heat induced perturbations. Moreover, exogenous nutrients mediated upregulations in physiochemical attributes induced heat tolerance at morphological level.

scholarly journals Genetic analysis of yield components and fiber quality parameters in upland cotton

1970 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Bilal Nawaz, Saira Sattar, Tanwir Ahmad Malik
Keyword(s):  
Upland Cotton ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Seed Cotton ◽  
Seed Cotton Yield ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Fiber Fineness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Boll Weight ◽  
Seed Index

The experiment was laid to analyze genetic features, genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficients, path analysis with regression analysis among yield contributing traits in a selected F3 populations of upland cotton including parents. In this research experiment ANOVA showed significant difference among all individual plants in F3 populations. Monopodia per plant and bolls per plant possessed maximum value of PCV% and GCV%. Maximum broad sense heritability (≥ 90) was found in all recorded traits except seeds per boll, fiber length and lint percentage. Correlation studies revealed that Seed cotton yield positively correlated with all yield contributing traits i.e. plant height, monopodial branches per plant, Number of bolls per plant, boll weight, lint weight, seed index, lint index, seeds per boll, fiber fineness, fiber strength and fiber uniformity at both genotypic and phenotypic level whereas it depicted negative relationship with staple length. Path coefficient analysis showed that maximum direct positive effect was found of lint weight (2.6005) on seed cotton yield followed fiber fineness (1.2628), seed index (1.1449) and bolls per plant (1.0027). Regression study exhibited that maximum value of R2 for lint weight (0.9509) and boll weight (0.3735) depicted that 95.09% and 37.35% variation in the seed cotton yield, due to its relationship with lint weight and boll weight. It is concluded that there is a great genetic potential in F3 populations for mostly yield contributing traits for further enhancing yield. So those traits should be used as selection criteria during breeding for yield.

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