Effects of fungal diseases on linseed (Linum usitatissimum) growth and yield, 1988–1990

1993 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. L. Fitt ◽  
A. W. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Alternaria Linicola ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

SUMMARYEffects of diseases on growth and yield of linseed (cv. Antares) were assessed by controlling diseases with fungicide treatments in field experiments at Rothamsted from 1988 to 1990. Fungicide seed treatments decreased the incidence of Alternaria lesions on cotyledons and stem bases of emerging seedlings in 1989 but decreased emergence in 1990. The incidenceof leaf browning, associated with Alternaria spp. and Botrytis cinerea, was less in 1989 and 1990 than in 1988 when the period, in July, between flowering and harvest was wet, but the incidence of powdery mildew was greater in 1989 and 1990 than in 1988. Fungicide spraysdecreased leaf browning in 1988 and powdery mildew in 1990. In 1988 there were more capsules per plant and the crop was taller than in either 1990 or 1989, when July and August were hot withperiods of dry weather. The incidence of plants with dark brown stems, associated with Verticillhun dahliae, was greater in 1989 and 1990 than in 1988, but was not greatly affected byfungicide treatments. The incidence of Alternaria linicola on sepals, capsule cases and seed from capsules sampled before harvest was decreased by fungicide treatments. Other fungi isolated from these tissues included A. alternata, A. infectoria, B. cinerea, Fusarium spp. and V. dahliae. Yields of grain and oil were increased by fungicide treatments in all three years, but the yield increases were greatest in 1988 when fungicide treatments also increased 1000-grain weight. The incidence of fungi on the harvested seed was not greatly affected by fungicide treatments.

scholarly journals Effect of variety, seed rate and row spacing on the growth and yield of rice in Bauchi, Nigeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (59) ◽  
pp. 8155-8166
Author(s):  
AA Garba ◽  
◽  
BA Mahmoud ◽  
Y Adamu ◽  
U Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Spike Number ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Field experiments were conducted at Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Fadama Farm Bauchi, during the rainy seasons of 2006 and 2007 to study the effects of variety, seeding rate and row spacing on growth and yield of rice. Two varieties of rice; Ex – China (Indigenous and upland/lowland) and NERICA-1 (improved and upland), three seeding rates (32, 54 and 75 kg/ha) and four row spacings (15, 20, 25 and broadcast) were used during the study. The treatments were combined and laid in a split – split plot design with three replications. Variety was placed in the main plot, seeding rate in the sub plot while row spacing was placed in sub –sub plot. Data were collected on parameters such as plant height, number of tillers per plant, spikes per hill, spikelets per spike and number of seeds per spike, seed weight per hill, 1000 grain weight and yield kg ha-1 and analyzed using analysis of variance procedure for split – split plot and significant differences among the treatment means were separated using the Duncan multiple range test (DMRT). Variety Ex-China produced significantly (P<0.05) higher numbers of tillers per plant and spikes per hill. However, NERICA-1 produced significantly (P<0.05) higher numbers of spikelets per spike, seeds per spike, weight of seed per spike, weight of seed per hill, 1000 grain weight and yield in kg ha-1 than Ex-China. Row spacings of 15, 20 and 25cm also had significant effects on the number of tillers per plant, number of spikes per hill, number of spikelets per spike, number of seeds per spike, weight of seed per spike, weight of seed per hill, 1000 grain weight and yield kg ha-1 over the control. From the factors studied, seeding rate did not show any significant difference during the two years of investigation. Interactions were also observed among the factors studied. Therefore, row spacings irrespective of the method used, or hole planting of rice could be more appropriate for optimum grain yield.

scholarly journals Residual Effect of Poultry Manure and Mineral N Application on Maize Production under Wheat-Maize Cropping System

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 1061
Author(s):  
Syed Azam Shah ◽  
Wisal Mohammad ◽  
Haroon Haroon ◽  
Adnan Anwar Khan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

The study was designed to asses the residual effect of organic N (Poultry Manure) and mineral N on maize crop in field experiments carried out on silty clay loam soil at NIFA, Tarnab, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) Pakistan during 2014-15. Combined dose of N from both sources were 120 kg ha-1 applied to wheat crop alone and in different combination making six treatments. Maize variety (Azam) was sown in Randomized complete block (RCB) design with four replications. Agronomic data, grains ear-1, 1000 grain weight, biomass grain yield data, N-uptake in maize grain and straw were recorded. Results showed that maximum grain ear−1, 1000 grain weight, biomass and grain yield was obtained from treatment where 25% N applied from poultry manure + 75% from mineral N source applied to previous wheat crop. Agronomic efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency were also found maximum in treatment where 75% poultry manure + 25% mineral N was applied. It was concluded from the study that residual effect of organic manure with mineral N in different ratios enhances crop productivity and soil fertility.

scholarly journals Comparative study of different organic mulches for increased wheat productivity district Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Raza ◽  
Muhammad Nawaz ◽  
Muhammad U. Chattha ◽  
Imran Khan ◽  
Muhammad B. Chattha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Sorghum Straw

Weeds are major threat to global wheat production and cause serious threat to food security. Likewise, water scarcity is also a major threat to food production and its intensity is continuously soaring up across the globe. Organic mulches have potential to reduce weeds growth and conserve the soil moisture thus ensures the better crop growth and yield. Therefore, present study was conducted to compare the performance of different organic mulches in improving wheat growth and productivity. The study was comprised of different organic mulches; M1= No mulch (control) M2= maize straw mulch, M3= wheat straw mulch, M4= sorghum straw mulch and M5= rice straw mulch and three nitrogen levels N1 = 90 kg, N2 = 120 kg and N3= 150 kg/ha. The results indicated that both organic mulches and N rates had significant impact on growth, and yield traits. The maximum leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), productive tillers (307 m-2), grains/spike (46.22), 1000 grain weight (42.33 g) biological yield (13.76 t/ha) and grain yield 4.75 t/ha was obtained with sorghum straw mulch and minimum productive tillers (255.33 m-2), grains/spike (36.22), biological yield (11.46 t/ha) and grain yield (3.59 t/ha) was recorded in no mulch (control). Among nitrogen levels maximum productive tillers (290.6 m-2), grains/spike (42.80), 1000 grain weight (40.65 g), biological yield (13.44 t/ha) and grain yield (4.32 t/ha) was obtained with 150 kg/ha N and minimum productive tillers (274 m-2), grains/spike (38.13), 1000 grain weight (36.94 g) biological yield (11.98 t/ha) and grain yield (3.90 t/ha) was obtained with 90 N kg/ha. Thus, farmers can use sorghum straw mulch and N (150 kg ha-1) to improve the wheat productivity. However, farmers must be educated by government institute and adoptive research farms in order to understand and adaption of this approach.

Assessing barley (Hordeum vulgare) response to clipping in the semi-arid Mediterranean climate

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
M. K. J. El-Shatnawi ◽  
N. I. Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Pot Trials ◽  
Tiller Density ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Greenhouse pot trials and field experiments were carried out under rain-fed condition in north-eastern Jordan during 1997–98 and 1998–99 growing seasons, to test 3 barley genotypes for their suitability for both forage and grain production. The varieties Rehani and ACSAD176 produced higher forage yields than Rum. In the field, clipping reduced subsequent grain yield per plant by about 18%, lowering grain weight of the main spike from 2.3�g in the control to 1.8 g in the clipped plants. Clipping increased tiller density of barley plants in the field. Decreases in grain yield following clipping could also be attributed to reductions in the number of grains per spike. Clipping decreased the number of grains per spike by about 9% by reducing the number of spikelets per spike. Cutting reduced 1000-grain weight by about 9%. Clipping induced changes in the relative importance of yield components influencing subsequent grain yield. The yield components reduced by clipping were the most important contributors to loss of grain yield.

scholarly journals Effect of nitrobenzene on growth and yield of boro rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 304-312
Author(s):  
B Chowdhury ◽  
MHK Howlader ◽  
MK Hossain ◽  
MC Sikder ◽  
MM Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Boro Rice

The present experiment was conducted at the research field of Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU), Patuakhali during the period from December 2013 to March 2014 to evaluate the effect of Nitrobenzene as plant growth regulators on growth and yield parameters of Boro Rice. It also observed the comparative growth and yield performance of foliar application   Nitrobenzene ( 0, 1.0,  3.0 and 5.0 ml L–1). Data were collected on Plant height; number of leaves plant–1; number of total, effective and non–effective tillers hill–1; leaf area (LA); leaf area index (LAI); total dry matter (TDM); Crop and relative growth rate (CGR and RGR); and  Yield and yield contributing characters  such as length of root; length of panicle; number of total, sterile and non–sterile spikelets panicle–1; 1000–grain weight; grain, straw and biological yield and harvest index (HI). The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized block design (RCBD) with three replications. The collected data were analyzed statistically and means were adjudged by DMRT at 5% level of probability. The treatments Nitrobenzene @ 3.0 ml L–1 as foliar application gave the highest performance in respect of  plant height (90.39 cm), LAI (3.514), TDM (19.17 g plant–1), effective tiller (20.33 hill–1), total tillers (22.73 hill–1), panicle length (26.01 cm),non sterile spikelets (134.70 panicle–1), total spikelets (155.80 panicle–1), 1000–grain weight (28.21 g),  grain yield (5.86 t ha–1), straw yield (8.44 t ha–1), biological  yield (14.29 t ha–1) and HI (41.00%) of boro rice. Progressive Agriculture 29 (4): 304-312, 2018

EFFECT OF DATES AND RATES OF SOWING ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF NARBON VETCH UNDER SEMI-ARID CONDITIONS

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Tawaha ◽  
M. A. Turk
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Northern Jordan

Field experiments were conducted during the winter seasons of 1998–1999 and 1999–2000 at Houfa in northern Jordan, to study the effect of the date and rate of sowing on the yield and yield components of narbon vetch (Vicia narbonensis L.). Progressive delays in sowing beyond 1 st January led to yield reductions of 11.1 and 17.9 at successive 15-day intervals. Plant height, pods stem –1, stems m –2 and 1000-grain weight followed the same trend as the yield. Grain yield was not significantly affected by the sowing rate.

Enhancement of dwarf wheat germplasm with high-yield potential derived from induced mutagenesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongchun Xiong ◽  
Huijun Guo ◽  
Yongdun Xie ◽  
Linshu Zhao ◽  
Jiayu Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Dwarfing Genes ◽  
Biosynthetic Genes ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

AbstractThe dwarfing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding has promoted a dramatic increase in yields. Since the utilized dwarfing genes in wheat are very limited, identification of novel dwarfing genes is necessary for improving the genetic diversity of wheat. In this study, more than 300 dwarfing wheat lines from induced mutation were screened by kompetitive allele-specific PCR and gibberellin (GA) treatment. The 17.49% of Rht-D1b and 1.37% of Rht-B1b dwarfing mutants were identified in this mutant group. Additionally, Rht-D1b mutants showed more effective in reduction of plant height and higher 1000-grain weight comparing with that of Rht-B1b mutants. By combing with comparison of yield components and expression profile of GA biosynthetic genes with wild-type, the GA-responsive mutant dm15 without directly involvement in GA metabolism, significantly increased 1000-grain weight but no change of other yield components in two locations of field experiments. Meanwhile, another elite mutant dm11 with change of GA biosynthetic genes expression was also identified. These mutants will be promising candidates for dwarfing wheat breeding.

scholarly journals Yield contributing characters of BRRI dhan49 as influenced by integrated use of banana leaves with inorganic potassium fertilizer

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
Md. Abdul Mannan ◽  
Md. Abul Hashem ◽  
Md. Sohanur Rahman ◽  
Fakhar Uddin Talukder ◽  
Md. Kamrujjaman
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Science Field ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Banana Leaves ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

A field experiment was carried out at the Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh during aman season of 2014 to study the integrated use of banana leaves with inorganic potassium fertilizer on the growth and yield of BRRI dhan49 following Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with eight treatments and three replications. The highest plant height (85.55cm), panicle length (21.46cm), number of effective tillers hill-1 (11.54), number of filled grains panicle-1 (149.53), 1000-grain weight (21.85gm), grain yields (5.66 t ha-1) and straw yield (6.81 t ha-1) were obtained in the treatment T3 and the lowest plant height (77.10cm), panicle length (18.85cm), number of effective tillers hill-1 (8.64), number of filled grains panicle-1 (112.11), 1000-grain weight (19.96gm), grain yields (3.50 t ha-1) and straw yield (4.73 t ha-1) were recorded in the control. It can be recommended to integrated use of 50% K from banana leaves+50% K from MoP on growth and yield of BRRI dhan49.   

scholarly journals Effect of powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis f.sp. tritici) on spring wheat in Finland

1973 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 461-467
Author(s):  
Oiva Nissinen
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Erysiphe Graminis ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

In 1970–72 the effect of powdery mildew on Finnish spring wheats with different field resistance was studied. For the mildew control 1 kg/ha Karathane WD (22.5 % Dinocap) was used. These investigations showed that mildew control increased grain yields in susceptible varieties by 2.4 to 6.6 %. The 1000-grain weight increased by 2.2 to 5.3 %, respectively. On the more field resistant spring wheats mildew control had no particular effect. Mildew control evened out the relative yield differences between the varieties. The paper includes notes on the occurrence of mildew in Finland while the need for resistance breeding is also discussed.

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