Allometric relationships in Bactris gasipaes for heart-of-palm production agroecosystems in Costa Rica

2002 ◽  
Vol 138 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. ARES ◽  
J. P. QUESADA ◽  
J. BONICHE ◽  
R. S. YOST ◽  
E. MOLINA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Seemingly Unrelated Regression ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Bactris Gasipaes ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Nutrient Pools ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Peach Palm ◽  
Ground Biomass

Peach palm (Bactris gasipaes Kunth) agroecosystems for hearts-of-palm constitute a productive and sustainable land use for the humid tropics. Allometric models allow to predict biomass non-destructively at any time, and subsequently, to determine the span of growth phases, biomass and nutrient pools, and economic yields. The overall goals of this study were to obtain and validate predictive functions of above-ground dry biomass of peach palm shoots, and to relate standing biomass with heart-of-palm yields as well. Towards this purpose, peach palm shoots were harvested and separated into components (foliage, petiole and stem) in the Atlantic region of Costa Rica. Basal diameter (BD) was a more effective predictor of biomass than height to the fork between the spear leaf and the first fully expanded leaf, total height and number of leaves. Regression models explained 70–89% of the variance in component (foliage, petiole and stem) or total shoot biomass. Nonlinear regression, which independently calculates equation coefficients for biomass components and total shoot biomass, was compared with a nonlinear seemingly unrelated regression (NSUR) procedure, which simultaneously fits the component equations that predict leaf, petiole and stem in order to assure biomass additivity. Equation coefficients for NSUR fitted-regressions that also model unequal variances, were substantially different from those for individual regressions; e.g. Biomassleaf = 11·4739 BD1·8042, Residual mean square (RMS) = 69·9 for the individual equation, versus Biomassleaf = 6·841 BD2·086, RMS = 72·4 for the NSUR fitted-equation. NSUR equations had slightly less precision in estimating biomass than individual equations but consistently less bias. In separate harvests of peach palm plants within four stands ranging in age from 1·9 to 21 years, estimates of component and total above-ground shoot biomass were similar to observed values except for the youngest stand in which biomass was overestimated. In another harvest, yield of heart-of-palm per plant was linearly related to total above-ground biomass in two peach palm stands of age 5 and 9 years. The non-destructive estimation of above-ground biomass from easily measured plant dimensions will permit any-time, less expensive and reasonable precise biomass estimates in peach palm. Biomass data can be incorporated to decision support aids for nutrient management in heart-of-palm agroecosystems and serve other purposes such as for carbon sequestration calculations.

Above-ground biomass storage potential in primary rain forests managed for timber production in Costa Rica

2021 ◽  
Vol 497 ◽  
pp. 119462
Author(s):  
Leslie Morrison Vila ◽  
Matthieu Ménager ◽  
Bryan Finegan ◽  
Diego Delgado ◽  
Fernando Casanoves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Timber Production ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
Biomass Storage ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Storage Potential

scholarly journals Structure and biomass accumulation of natural mangrove forest at Gazi Bay, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES G. KAIRO ◽  
MICHAEL NJOROGE GITHAIGA ◽  
KIPLAGAT KOTUT ◽  
FRANCIS KARIUKI
Keyword(s):  
Forest Structure ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Gazi Bay

Abstract. Githaiga MN, Kotut K, Kariuki F, Kairo JG. 2019. Structure and biomass accumulation of natural mangrove forest at Gazi Bay, Kenya. Bonorowo Wetlands 9: 18-32. The goal of this study was to determine the forest structure and estimate biomass accumulation above and below ground in the mangrove forest of Gazi Bay. The western, middle, and eastern forest blocks of the Gazi Bay mangrove forest were investigated for forest structure, whereas the western forest block was determined for biomass accumulation. To calculate below-ground biomass accumulation, in-growth cores of 80 cm long, 20 cm broad, and 60 cm deep were employed. Above-ground biomass accumulation was calculated using data on tree height and stem diameter at breast height (DBH-130). Leaf phenology was observed by tagging shoots. At the start, environmental variables were measured every four months for a year across four mangrove species zones. The linear regeneration sampling approach was used to determine the composition and distribution pattern of natural regeneration (LRS). Salinity revealed a strong negative connection with above-ground biomass accumulation among the soil environment characteristics studied. Sonneratia alba had the highest biomass accretion rate of 10.5 1.9 t ha-1 yr-1 among the four forest zones. Rhizophora mucronata (8.5 0.8 t ha-1 yr-1), Avicennia marina (5.2 1.8 t ha-1 yr-1), and Ceriops tagal (2.6 1.5 t ha-1 yr-1) were the next most abundant species. Above-ground and below-ground biomass accumulation differed significantly among zones (F (3, 8) = 5.42, p = 0.025) and (F (3, 8) = 16.03, p = 0 001), respectively. There was a significant difference in total biomass accumulation across zones (F (3, 8) =15.56, p = 0.001). For the entire forest, a root : shoot biomass accumulation ratio of 2 : 5 was calculated. This study's findings provide more accurate estimates of mangrove carbon capture and storage, which can be used in carbon credit discussions in the emerging carbon market.

scholarly journals Use Basal Diameter to Establish Mixed Species Allometric Equations Predicting Woody Stand Biomass in the Sudano-guinea Savannahs of Ngaoundere, Cameroon

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Mamadou Laminou Mal Amadou ◽  
Halilou Ahmadou ◽  
Ahmadou Ibrahim ◽  
Tchindebe Alexandre ◽  
Massai Tchima Jacob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Height ◽  
Allometric Equation ◽  
Information Criteria ◽  
Allometric Equations ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Allometric Relationships ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Ground Biomass

Little information on allometric relationships for estimating stand biomass in the savannah of Cameroon was available. Allometric relationships for estimating stand biomass were investigated in the sudano-guinea savannah of Ngaoundere, Cameroon. A total of 90 individual woody from sixteen (16) contrasting plant species belonging shrubs and trees were harvested in Dang savannah across a range of diameter classes, from 3 to 35 cm. Basal diameter (D), total height (H) and tree density were determined and considered as predictor variables, while total above-ground biomass, stem, branch and leaf biomass were the output variables of the allometric models. Among many models tested, the best ones were chosen according to the coefficient of determination adjusted (R2adj), the residual standard error (RSE) and the Akaike Information Criteria. The main results showed that the integration of tree height and density with basal diameter improved in the degree of fitness of the allometric equations. The fit allometric stand biomass model for leaf, branch, stem and above ground biomass were the following forms: Ln(LB) = -5.08 + 2.75*Ln(D) – 0.30*Ln(D2Hρ); Ln(BB) = -7.81 + 1.29*Ln(D2H) – 0.39*Ln(ρ); Ln(SB) = -5.08 + 2.40*Ln(D) +0.50*Ln(H) and Ln(TB) = -5.07 + 3.21*Ln(D) – 0.12*Ln(D2Hρ) respectively. It is concluded that the use of tree height and density in the allometric equation can be improved for these species, as far as the present study area is concerned. Therefore, for estimating the biomass of shrubs and small trees, the use of basal diameter as an independent variable in the allometric equation with a power equation would be recommended in the Sudano-guinea savannahs of Ngaoundere, Cameroon. The paper describes details of shrub biomass allometry, which is important in carbon stock and savannah management for the environmental protection.

scholarly journals Impacto potencial de la taltuza (Orthogeomys sp.) en el cultivo del pejibaye (Bactris gasipaes) en Costa Rica.

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Javier Monge
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bactris Gasipaes ◽  
Pocket Gopher ◽  
Peach Palm ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
The One

The taltuzas (pocket gopher) (Orthogeomys sp.) are rodents that  plague several crops from USA to Panama. Peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) is a crop in expansion that overlaps in its geographical distribution with the one of Pocket gopher. Three patterns were found by superposing the distribution maps of rodents and palms. In one pattern only one organism was present but not the other whereas in two patterns rodents and palms were coincident. Since peach palm is attacked by the taltuzas, some considerations were discussed for each pattern in relation to future expansion of this crop.

scholarly journals Physicochemical and antioxidant composition of fresh peach palm (Bactris gasipaes Kunth) fruits in Costa Rica

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Rojas-Garbanzo ◽  
Ana Mercedes Pérez ◽  
Fabrice Vaillant ◽  
María Lourdes Pineda-Castro
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Bactris Gasipaes ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Peach Palm ◽  
Total Carotenoid Content ◽  
Significant Difference

Summary The variability of the physicochemical composition, carotenoid and polyphenol contents and hydrophilic antioxidant capacity of fresh peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) fruit was studied with a view to its exploitation as a potential source of bioactive compounds. The variability present in five batches of peach palm fruit obtained from two regions in Costa Rica: Tucurrique (T) and Pérez Zeledón (PZ), was studied. Significant differences were found for fruit weight, length and width amongst the batches studied. The moisture, fat and protein contents of the Tucurrique fruit were significantly lower than those from Pérez Zeledón. No significant difference in starch content was found between any of the batches of peach palm fruit studied. In terms of antioxidant compounds, the total carotenoid content ranged between 109 and 202 µg β-carotene equivalents/g dry weight (dw), while the total polyphenol content varied from 54 to 106 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) /100 g (dw). Both these components presented variability amongst the five batches. The antioxidant capacity was determined by the ORAC method and only the PZ 3 sample presented significant differences from the other four batches. The average hydrophilic antioxidant capacity was 37 ± 7 µmol of Trolox equivalents (TE)/g (dw). Overall, the peach palm fruit showed potential to be used in the development of functional foods since the variability of the raw peach-palm fruit, determined by applying a principal component analysis, showed that some characteristics of this fruit were not affected by harvest time and showed no differences between the batches from the two areas.

Foliage Residue Decomposition and Nutrient Release in Peach Palm (Bactris gasipaes Kunth) Plantations for Heart-of-Palm Production in Costa Rica

2005 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 1396-1402 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Soto ◽  
P. Luna-Orea ◽  
M. G. Wagger ◽  
T. J. Smyth ◽  
A. Alvarado
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Nutrient Release ◽  
Bactris Gasipaes ◽  
Peach Palm ◽  
Residue Decomposition

scholarly journals Growth, biomass production and nutrient accumulation of Macaranga gigantea in response to NPK fertilizer application

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
DWI SUSANTO ◽  
SRI MULYATI ◽  
HERI PURNOMO ◽  
DADDY RUHIYAT ◽  
RUDIANTO AMIRTA
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Npk Fertilizer

Susanto D, Mulyati S, Purnomo H, Ruhiyat D, Amirta R. 2017. Growth, biomass production and nutrient accumulation of Macaranga gigantea in response to NPK fertilizer application. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 330-337. Research described in this paper investigated the effect of fertilizer application on the growth, biomass production and nutrient accumulation of mahang (Macaranga gigantea) plant components. The experiment was carried out in a research area of the Faculty of Forestry, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, East Kalimantan. The effects of five dose levels of an NPK (16-16-16) fertilizer on the growth rate of mahang seedlings planted in field conditions were compared. The treatments consisted of a control group (with no fertilizer), and dosages of 40 g, 80 g, 120 g and 160 g per plant. Fertilization at those levels was applied twice: the first application at four weeks after the planting and the second application at 6 months after the first. Growth rates between treatments were compared over a twelve month period. The research findings revealed that as the dosages of fertilizer increased, so the growth, biomass production and nutrient accumulation in components of the plants also increased. The best growth was found in the treatment in which fertilizer was applied (twice) at a dosage of 120 g per plant; at this dose level, by twelve months of age, the stem basal diameter had reached 45.24.9 cm, stem height 219.239.1 cm, number of leaves per plant 17.31.2, and canopy diameter 246.725.0 cm. The highest production of above-ground biomass was also found in the fertilizer treatment of 120 g per plant; the largest proportion of the biomass was in the leaves, followed by the wood, and then bark. The nutrient element that had accumulated most in plants at 1 year of age was potassium, followed by phosphorus and then nitrogen. The highest nitrogen uptake of stands was found in the NPK fertilization with a dosage of 160 g per tree, while the highest phosphorus and potassium uptake was found at a fertilizer dosage of 120 g per tree. The amount of nutrients accumulated in producing one tonne of above-ground biomass increased in response to different fertilization treatments. The fertilizer treatment of 120 g per plant (applied twice; the first soon after planting and the next after 6 months) resulted in the accumulation within the 1 year old plants of 2.38 kg of nitrogen, 6.36 kg of phosporus and 17.83 kg of potassium, with an N:P:K ratio of 13.3 : 35.6 : 100. The availability of the element potassium needs special attention when this species is cultivated.

ESTIMATION OF ABOVE GROUND BIOMASS OF THE THREE SITES (GRAZED SITE, PROTECTED SITE AND SEED SOWN SITE) FOR COMPARING THEIR PRODUCTIVITY IN KASHMIR VALLEY

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
AFSHAN ANJUM BABA ◽  
SYED NASEEM UL-ZAFAR GEELANI ◽  
ISHRAT SALEEM ◽  
MOHIT HUSAIN ◽  
PERVEZ AHMAD KHAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Kashmir Valley ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Protected Site

The plant biomass for protected areas was maximum in summer (1221.56 g/m2) and minimum in winter (290.62 g/m2) as against grazed areas having maximum value 590.81 g/m2 in autumn and minimum 183.75 g/m2 in winter. Study revealed that at Protected site (Kanidajan) the above ground biomass ranged was from a minimum (1.11 t ha-1) in the spring season to a maximum (4.58 t ha-1) in the summer season while at Grazed site (Yousmarag), the aboveground biomass varied from a minimum (0.54 t ha-1) in the spring season to a maximum of 1.48 t ha-1 in summer seasonandat Seed sown site (Badipora), the lowest value of aboveground biomass obtained was 4.46 t ha-1 in spring while as the highest (7.98 t ha-1) was obtained in summer.

scholarly journals The climatic imprint of bimodal distributions in vegetation cover for western Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3343-3357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zun Yin ◽  
Stefan C. Dekker ◽  
Bart J. J. M. van den Hurk ◽  
Henk A. Dijkstra
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Congo Basin ◽  
Shortwave Radiation ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Precipitation Regime ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Western Africa ◽  
Precipitation Regimes ◽  
Woody Cover

Abstract. Observed bimodal distributions of woody cover in western Africa provide evidence that alternative ecosystem states may exist under the same precipitation regimes. In this study, we show that bimodality can also be observed in mean annual shortwave radiation and above-ground biomass, which might closely relate to woody cover due to vegetation–climate interactions. Thus we expect that use of radiation and above-ground biomass enables us to distinguish the two modes of woody cover. However, through conditional histogram analysis, we find that the bimodality of woody cover still can exist under conditions of low mean annual shortwave radiation and low above-ground biomass. It suggests that this specific condition might play a key role in critical transitions between the two modes, while under other conditions no bimodality was found. Based on a land cover map in which anthropogenic land use was removed, six climatic indicators that represent water, energy, climate seasonality and water–radiation coupling are analysed to investigate the coexistence of these indicators with specific land cover types. From this analysis we find that the mean annual precipitation is not sufficient to predict potential land cover change. Indicators of climate seasonality are strongly related to the observed land cover type. However, these indicators cannot predict a stable forest state under the observed climatic conditions, in contrast to observed forest states. A new indicator (the normalized difference of precipitation) successfully expresses the stability of the precipitation regime and can improve the prediction accuracy of forest states. Next we evaluate land cover predictions based on different combinations of climatic indicators. Regions with high potential of land cover transitions are revealed. The results suggest that the tropical forest in the Congo basin may be unstable and shows the possibility of decreasing significantly. An increase in the area covered by savanna and grass is possible, which coincides with the observed regreening of the Sahara.

Above-ground biomass estimation of Indian tropical forests using X band Pol-InSAR and Random Forest

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 100462
Author(s):  
Sadhana Yadav ◽  
Hitendra Padalia ◽  
Sanjiv K. Sinha ◽  
Ritika Srinet ◽  
Prakash Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Random Forest ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Biomass Estimation ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
X Band
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